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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is the name of the man who calls the faithful to prayer?
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the wazum
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what areas of influence did Islam affect?
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science, math, medicine, western civilization
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Do Muslims worship Muhammad?
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No, they worship his message from God
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When and where was Muhammad born?
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570 A.D. on the Arabian Peninsula
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Orphaned as a child, where did Muhammad go to live and with whom? What town was he from?
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He was from Mecca and he went to live with the Bedouin, specifically his Uncle the chief of his clan.
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What is the name for the nomads?
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the Bedouin
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What place did poets hold in Bedouin society?
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most important/respected people because they link tribe to ancestors.
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Where were the tribal Gods kept?
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in the Kabbah (arabic for the cube)
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What was the significance of the Kabbah as a sanctuary?
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held sacred black stone that fell from the sky--place of peace for the Bedouin.
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What town is the Kabbah in?
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Mecca
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The Arabian Peninsula linked the west and east through what?
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Trade: Byzantine, Persia, Chinese
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What was the name of Muhammad's first wife?
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Hadija
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Muhammad was a merchant and a mediator, by what name did he become known as?
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"the trusted one" "el amin"
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How did the first revelation of God come to Muhammad?
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in a cave above Mecca, an Angel vision reciting the Qur'an "there is only 1 God"
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How was the Qur'an originally passed along?
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stories, by word of mouth-oral tradition but eventually needed written
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Why did the tribal leaders decide to oppose Muhammad?
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the other prophets had had miracles and the only miracle he had was the Qur'an itself.
Didn't want him taking control. |
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What year did his uncle and Hadija die?
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619 A.D.
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What was the name of the refuge for Muhamad and his followers?
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Yathrib
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622 marks the Muslim year 1. What was the significance of that year?
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The Hijra, the journey of the start of Islam of a caravan bound by religion.
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What did Yathrib become known as?
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"the city of the prophet," Medina
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What do Muslims call Christians and Jews?
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People of the Book
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How many years did the struggle continue?
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3 years
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What year did Muhammad seize Mecca?
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630 A.D.
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How many times did Muhammad revolve around the Kabbah destroying the idols?
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7 times
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How long did it take Islam to spread from Spain to China?
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200 years
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True or False? As Islam conquered it squashed other religious laws as it spread.
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False
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What is Islam's first great work of art?
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the Dome of the Rock
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What is th ereligious significance of the the Dome of the Rock to Muslims?
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built in a city oly to Christians and Jews, the place Ibrahim almost sacrificed his son in Jerusalem.
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What year did Muhammad die?
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632 A.D.
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Who did the Shiites believe was Muhammad's successor?
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Ali, his son-in-law and cousin
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Who do the Sunni believe was Muhammad's successor?
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Abu Bakr, they believe should choose among elders.
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Explain the economical and cultural significance of the Hajj.
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devotional/ritual unity and equality among all people. Goods/ideas/traders to Mecca.
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What was the heart of the Islamic empire in the 8th & 9th century?
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Baghdad
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What was Baghdad renown for?
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architectural achievement (mosques, gardens etc.) center of learning "house of wisdom"
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What are 2 reasons Islam produced such advances in math, science, medicine and archeology?
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best people/thinkers/philosophers came to Baghdad from all over. Need for science advances and competition for jobs.
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Describe Cordoba in the 10th Century.
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Center of learning/culture that rivaled Baghdad. "city of light" running h20, street lights,biggest mosques, most prosperous/enlightened.
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Describe Europe in the 10th Century.
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the Dark Ages
lived in shacks no running h20 |
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What caused the beginning of the rift between Christianity and Islam?
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1009 Egypt leader El Hakem burned down holy bldg. for Christians in Jerusalem.
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What year was the first crusader seen in the Islamic Empire?
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1095 A.D.
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What year did the crusaders reach Jerusalem?
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1097 A.d.
July 15 1099 |
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Did the spread of Islam stop with the Crusades?
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No, Islam continued to flourish
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Who invented the check?
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Muslims, could be written in Spain & cashed in India.
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Where did the Arabs learn to fold steel?
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the Persians taught them
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What was the backbone of the Arab wealth?
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Textiles (Kashmir, Cotton, Silk)
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Who was Saladin?
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most famous Muslim. 1187 leader of muslims that defeated the crusaders. Took Jerusalem back.
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When did the Mongols take Baghdad?
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13th Century. Feb. 10 1258
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What did the Mongols bring to Islam?
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opened the world, converted and became greatest patrons, transformed Islam. Brought gun powder and new mosques.
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The Ottomon Turks began as a nomadic people. Who enlisted them as mercenaries?
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Muslim Sultans to fight off the Mongols.
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What was the name of the first Ottoman Turkish Warlord?
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Osman Bay
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How did the capture of Bursa change the Turkish Empire?
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enabled them to establish a seat of the gov't-settled down to build empire and set it up as their capital.
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What did the Ottomans bring to Islam?
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taxation, record-keeping, beauracracy, organization
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How did the Sultan avoid feuds from Tribal, provincial, or familial loyalties?
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had the army made up of all sorts of people.
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What were the Janissaries?
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sultan's elite infantry, christian children raised by empire and converted to Islam.
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What year was Constantinople conquered and by whom?
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Memet the Conquerer, May 9 1453
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Salayman was known as the Magnificent for what reasons?
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Taking Rhodes/Belgrade. Lawgiver. For Architecture (domed mosques) Refurbished Dome of the Rock. Had magnificent palace in Istanbul.
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Who was Sulayman's rival to the east and why?
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Safavid Empire, moving into muslim world (shiite) Turkish, Savavites waged Shiite was vs. the Ottoman.
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What was significant about Vienna?
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would drive dart into the Hapsberg Empire and open the door to the West.
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How was Sulayman a tragic figure?
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wife and son plotted to overthrow him, put own son to death and wife died shortly after. Best friend Ibrahim murdered by wife. Died trying to take Hungary.
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Who do the Sunni believe was Muhammad's successor?
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Abu Bakr, they believe should choose among elders.
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Explain the economical and cultural significance of the Hajj.
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devotional/ritual unity and equality among all people. Goods/ideas/traders to Mecca.
|
|
What was the heart of the Islamic empire in the 8th & 9th century?
|
Baghdad
|
|
What was Baghdad renown for?
|
architectural achievement (mosques, gardens etc.) center of learning "house of wisdom"
|
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What are 2 reasons Islam produced such advances in math, science, medicine and archeology?
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best people/thinkers/philosophers came to Baghdad from all over. Need for science advances and competition for jobs.
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Describe Cordoba in the 10th Century.
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Center of learning/culture that rivaled Baghdad. "city of light" running h20, street lights,biggest mosques, most prosperous/enlightened.
|
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Describe Europe in the 10th Century.
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the Dark Ages
lived in shacks no running h20 |
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What caused the beginning of the rift between Christianity and Islam?
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1009 Egypt leader El Hakem burned down holy bldg. for Christians in Jerusalem.
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What year was the first crusader seen in the Islamic Empire?
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1095 A.D.
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What year did the crusaders reach Jerusalem?
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1097 A.d.
July 15 1099 |
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Did the spread of Islam stop with the Crusades?
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No, Islam continued to flourish
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Who invented the check?
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Muslims, could be written in Spain & cashed in India.
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Where did the Arabs learn to fold steel?
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the Persians taught them
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What was the backbone of the Arab wealth?
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Textiles (Kashmir, Cotton, Silk)
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Who was Saladin?
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most famous Muslim. 1187 leader of muslims that defeated the crusaders. Took Jerusalem back.
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