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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Industry? |
Often used to describe man's "hard work" to make a living |
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What are the the Primary Industries? |
Agriculture, fishing, forestry, mining |
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What are the two main branches of agriculture? |
Farming and animal husbandry |
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What is a subsistence farmer? |
Someone who farms to meet only the basic food and material needs of the farmer and his immediate family |
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What is a commercial farmer? |
Someone who grows crops for sale and profit rather than merely for personal use |
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What are the two subdivisions of animal husbandry (Subsistence and commercial types)? |
Nomadic herding and ranching |
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What is nomadic herding? |
The wandering of stock and herdsmen from place to place to find new pastures |
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What is ranching? |
Allowing cattle to roam free on vast tracts of land |
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What are natural resources? |
Useful substances found in the earth |
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What are the two varieties of seafood? (Fishing) |
Fish and seaweed |
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What are the two methods the seafood industry uses to obtain their products? |
Capture and aquaculture |
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What is capture? |
Products gathered in the wild, natural state. |
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What is aquaculture? |
Cultivation or farming in a controlled artificial environment |
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What does forestry provide? |
Wood for homes, furniture, and paper |
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What 3 types of resources does the world mine? |
Metals, nonmetal minerals, and fossil fuels |
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What are minerals? |
Solid crystals that occur naturally and have a definite chemical composition |
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What are the four useful properties of metals? |
They are shiny, malleable, ductile, and conductive |
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What are the three types of metals? |
Precious metals, common metals, and alloys |
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What are the 3 precious metals? |
Gold, silver, and platinum |
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What are the common metals? |
Copper, lead, iron, and aluminum |
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What is an alloy? |
A mixture of two or more metals |
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What is the difference between bronze and brass? |
Bronze is combination of copper and tin, while brass is a combination of copper and zinc |
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What is the world's most important alloy? |
Steel
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What mineral, combined with charcoal and potassium and nitrate, creates gunpowder? |
Sulfur |
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What is fossil fuel? |
Remains of once-living organisms that can be used as a source of energy
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What the 3 types of fossil fuels? |
Coal, petroleum, and natural gas |
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What is the most important mining product in the world? |
Petroleum |
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What are raw materials? |
Natural resources that have been extracted by primary industries |
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What is secondary industry? |
A manufacturing industry that takes raw materials and changes them into a useful form. |
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What are the two types of secondary industries? |
Construction and manufacturing |
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What is the period of radical change between 1750 and 1850 that made modern industries possible? |
The Industrial Revolution |
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Where did the Industrial Revolution begin? |
In the textile industry of Britian |
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What is technology? |
The application of science to an industry |
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What does nondurable manufacturing make? |
Products that generally last less than a year |
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What does durable manufacturing make? |
Products that last more than a year |
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What are goods? |
Products that can be seen and touched |
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What is tertiary industry? |
A service industry involving the distribution of goods and services rather than the manufacture of products or the harvesting of crops or other natural resources |
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What are the 7 alternative sources of energy? |
Nuclear energy, renewable resources, hydroelectricity, biofuel, geothermal, solar, and wind |
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What is infrastructure? |
The basic energy and equipment needs of all industries |
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What are the three types of infrastructure? |
Utilities, transportation, and communication |
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What are the 5 categories of service jobs that the U.S. Department of Labor recognizes? |
Infrastructure, trade, finance, general services, and government. |
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What is Economics? |
The study of the process by which people make decisions; includes ways by which people make a living, buy and sell, grow crops, manufacture goods, and provide services. |
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What is capital? |
The money and equipment necessary to build an industry. |
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What is capitalism? |
A free-maker economy in which anyone may go into business in an attempt to make a profit; most businesses are privately owned instead of government owned. |
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What is a free market? |
An economic system in which the law of supply and demand is restricted very little if at all. |
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What socialism? |
An economic system in which the government owns the major industries and promises to make production decisions for the welfare of society; a command economy |
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What is a entrepreneur? |
A person who takes risks to start a business. |
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What is the GDP (Gross Domestic Product)? |
The monetary value of all the goods and services produced for sale within a country's borders over the course of a year. |
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What is per capita GDP? |
The Gross Domestic Product of a country divided by the number of people in the country. |
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What is trade? |
Buying and selling goods |
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What is economic self-sufficiency? |
A country's ability to produce everything they need without buying or selling from other countries. |
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What is a market? |
People or businesses |
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What are exports? |
Primary and secondary goods that a country ships to other countries. |
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What are imports? |
All of the goods that a receives form other countries. |
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What are tariffs? |
Taxes on imports and exports |
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What is an embargo? |
A ban on importing or exporting certain products or trading with a particular country. |
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What is protectionism? |
The belief that government should restrict foreign imports because they take away jobs. |
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What is free trade? |
Imposing no or only low tariffs. |
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What is GATT? |
The General Trade Agreement in Tariffs and Trade |
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What is ASEAN? |
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations |
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The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is between what countries? |
Canada, Mexico, and the United States. |
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What replaced GATT in 1987? |
The World Trade Organization (WTO) |
