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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the four braches of Anthropology?
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Biological Anthropology also known as Physical Anthropology, Cultural Anthropology, Archaelogy, and Linguistics.
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Biological Anthropology is mainly the study of what to subjects?
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Modern Human Variation which is the study of DNA traits, and evolution in a population. And Paleoanthropology which is the study for primate genetics and behavior as a way to understanding human biology and culture.
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Cultural Anthropology is the study of what?
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Ethnology which is the study of modern ethic groups, to better understand how a culture changed over time.
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What is Archaelogy? And give two examples.
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The cultural anthropology of the past. Historical is the protion of the past that is documented by literate witnesses. Prehistorical is the study of the past before there was writing or literate witnesses.
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What is the job of a Linguist?
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To study and unravel languages of cultures. Also, to look at related languages and investigate if the two like cultures were once one.
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What does social nature of humans refer to?
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The fact that humans rely on the interaction and support of others for survival.
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What is social science? And dive a five examples.
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Academic disciplines devoted to studying aspects of human social behavior and culture. Examples are Psychology, Sociology, History, Economics, and Political Science.
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What is the Holistic Approach?
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Seeing the world in the broadest possible way, or seeing the big picture when it comes to human on Earth.
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Describe the difference between Etic and Emic Perspectives.
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Etic is the informant's view, and Emic is the anthropologists view of a culture.
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Who was Bronislaw Malinowski?
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Promoted the Etic and Emic perspectives and he also set the standard for field work among the Trobriand Islanders of the South Pacific.
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What was the Goddess and Computer movie about?
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It was about the rice farming techniques of Bali, and about outsiders trying to show them new ways to harvest rice resulting in disaster with failed crops.
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What is a Society?
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A group of people who share a culture.
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What is Culture?
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Culture is NOT people, Culture IS what people do as a group.
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What are some aspects of culture?
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Ideas such as:Beliefs, Values, Attitudes, Laws. Also, material items things that are used or made such as housing, clothing, music, and food.
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Culture is the way people fulfill what?
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Their basic needs to survive.
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What are the 7 components of culture? And explain each.
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It is Learned (parents, schools), Shared (communities, and Countries), Adaptive (adjusts to enviroment), Cumulative (improvements and inventions), Integrated (links together, one culture has an impact on another), Symbolic (something that represents the real item ex. peace sign), and Dynamic (changes, and material and non-material elements evolve).
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What is Anthropos?
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Greek root to Anthropology meaning Humanity.
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What is the Nature VS. Nurture debate?
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An on going debate about whether human development is mainly attributed to genetics or environmental learning.
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What is Ethnocentrism?
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The feeling that one's own culture is superior to others, or judging another culture by the standards of one's own.
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What is Cultural Relativity?
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To recognize value in a culture, be slow in judgment, remain objective in describing a culture, and when judging a culture use their own contexts as a standard.
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What is the Observer Effect?
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The changes that the act of observing will make on the phenomenon being observed.
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What is a Participant Observation Technique? Give examples.
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Technique that gives the anthropology its unique place in social studies. Examples are do interviews with Emic perspective, Do still photography, Do audio and video documentation, Map the villages, Take part in daily activities, and Assist locals in order to reciprocate their help.
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What is Ethnography?
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Going into a culture to study it not to change it. Learning the Language, Finding good informants, Avoid mistakes that will interfer with effective integration into the society.
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Who are the Yanomamo people?
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A tribal indian culture that lives in Venezuela. Studied by Napoleon A. Chagnon.
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What are the Ethics in Ethnographic Fieldwork?
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Do no harm, Guard the dignity of informants, Guard the security of informants including maintaining their anonymity if needed, Compensate them fairly.
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What is Language?
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A System of arbitrary vocal symbols learned and shared by members of a society for the purpose of communication.
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What are the four parts of language?
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Words, Grammar, Paralanguage (how you say something, tonation), and Non-Verbal Communication.
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What are the two Non-Verbal Communication?
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Proxemics (communicating through the manipulation of space), and Kenesics (posture or facial expressions).
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What is the difference between Contoid, and Vocoid?
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Contoid is a Consonants, and Vocoid is a Vowel. Only Contoids have the tongue touching lips, teeth, or roof of mouth.
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What is an Articulator?
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Joining together or Intergrating parts of the mouth. Examples lips, teeth, alveolar.
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What are the three Route and Action of the Column of Air?
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Stop, Fricative (vibration), Nasal.
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What is the difference between Voiced or Voiceless?
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Voiced makes your adam's apple vibrate, and Voiceless does not.
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What is phoneme?
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The smallest unit of sound.
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What is a morpheme?
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The smallest unit of meaning.
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What is the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis?
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Language tense influneces thought processes. Example Americans and Time.
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What is Grammer?
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It is the organization system for a language.
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What is Sociolinguistics?
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The study of social aspects to language such as gender, age, social class, regionalism, and cultural norms. Example Ebonics.
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What is Focal Vocabulary?
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Is a jargon to a certain group in a culture, such as truckers.
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What is Glottochronology?
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Methods in historical linguistics used to estimate the time at which cultures diverged, bases on the base or core vocab. of the language and changes at a constant average.
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Define Sexist Language.
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Use of sex in language and it doesn't apply. examples policeman, fireman, chairman.
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Define Gender-Based Language.
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The communication differences between men and women. Example power differential in conversation.
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What is the difference between Race and Ethnicity?
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Race is the biological qualities in a gene pool. How they look not their cultures. Ethnicity is how people live based on cultural ties.
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