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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Lexical test
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A report of how a word is actually used. For example, about 80% of people in a recent survey said that the word man means male while the other 20% said that it meant human..
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What does Deductive means?
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If premises are true it is impossible for the conclusion to be false
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Definition by Genus and Difference
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The GENUS states a general class to which the object belongs and the DIFFERENCE how the object differs from others in the group. For example, a human is a rational animal (Aristotle). Humans are animals (genus) who are (different from other animals by being) rational.
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Deductive or Inductive? Arugments from authority
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Inductive
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Conclusion or Premises Indicator? Since
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premises
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Aruguement or Noinferential? Reports
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Noinferential
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Improper grammar
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Definitions which do not use proper grammar are for that reason to be rejected. For example, logic is forms
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Synonymous definition
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Defining by stating another word which has the same extension. WARNING: two different words rarely have exactly the same extension so such a definition may also be vague. For example, precise means exact.
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Stipulative definition
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Inventing a word or a new use for an old word and stating how it will be used. For example, a niner is a period of 9 days consisting of two weekends and the 5-day work week between them. Most vacations are niners.
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Precising
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A definition whose function is to take a general concept and make it more precise. For example, a circle is a round boundary (rather than what is inside of it).
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Ambiguous definition
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There is more than one obvious interpretation of what is meant. A definition whose extension includes too much. For example, a word is anything defined in a dictionary.
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Etymological definition
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Defining by tracing the origin of a word. For example, logic comes from the Greek word logos one of whose meanings is principle.
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Failure to state the essential meaning
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A definition which might enable you to pick out what a word designates but by using properties which in no way enable you to understand anything else about the object. For example, a pencil is a long round yellow object with a rubber knob at one end. What is said here is true but gives no clue as to what a pencil is for.
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Definition by subclass
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Defining by stating subclasses (rather than individuals) that a word designates. For example, media are films, television programs, and tapes.
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Enumerative definition
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Listing all, or a representative sample of, the items defined by a word. For example, religions are systems of thought and practice such as Judaism, Christianity, Islam, and Hinduism
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Persuasive definition
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Using emotionally charged words in a definition. This is usually done to try to persuade the reader to take a particular attitude towards the things denoted by the word being defined. For example, a liberal is an adherent to a failed political policy.
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Precising definition
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A definition whose function is to take a general concept and make it more precise. For example, a circle is a round boundary (rather than what is inside of it).
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Operational definition
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A definition which specifies directions for finding a thing or for measuring it. For example, red is the color of the top stripe on the U.S. flag.
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Deductive or Inductive? hypothetical syllogisms
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Deductive
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Deductive or Inductive? disjunctive syllogisms
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Deductive
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Deductive or Inductive? Predictions
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Iductive
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Conclusion or Premises Indicator? may be inferred from
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Premises
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Deductive or Inductive? Arguments based on signs
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Inductive
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Deductive or Inductive? casual inferences
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inductive
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Conclusion or Premises Indicator? Seeing that
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Premise
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Conclusion or Premises Indicator? hence
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Conclusion
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Arugument or Noinferential? Warnings
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Noinferential
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Conclusion or Premises Indicator? it follows that
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Conclusion
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Deductive or Inductive? arguement from analogy
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Inductive
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Conclusion or Premises Indicator? implies that
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Conclusion
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Two different kinds of arguements
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Inductive and Deductive
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Quanitifiers
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all,no and some because they specify how much of subject is included in or excluded from the predicate class.
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Conclusion or Premises Indicator? Consquently
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Conclusion
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Deductive or Inductive? arguments based on mathematics
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Deductive
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Deductive or Inductive? Arguments from Definition
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Deductive
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What does inductive means?
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If Premises are true it is improbale for the conclusion to be false
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Deductive or Inductive? categorical syllogism
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Deductive
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Deductive or Inductive? inductive generalization
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inductive
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Conclusion or Premises Indicator? as a result
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Conclusion
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Aruguement or Noinferential? Advice
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Noinferential
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one
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two
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shoe
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horn
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corn
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ball
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tall
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fish
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dish
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round
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one
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with
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hint
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two
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with
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mit
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three
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with
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corn
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four
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with
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horn
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five
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with
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baseball
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one
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two
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fe
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fe
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testing
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test
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test
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test
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test
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test
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test
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test
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2
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two
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222
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3
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three
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333
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Question without side 3
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Answer without side 3
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2
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two
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222
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3
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three
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333
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Question without side 3
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Answer without side 3
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1
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раз
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111
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2
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two
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222
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3
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three
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333
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Question without side 3
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Answer without side 3
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one
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two
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three
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fe
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answer
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