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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atom
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the smallest particle into which an element can be subdivided without losing its characteristic properties.
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Element
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a pure substance
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Molecule
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when two or more atoms bond together by sharing electrons with each other
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Ionic Bonds
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one atom completely captures the electron(s) of another
ex: salt |
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Covalent Bonds
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lit. "of equal power" when two atoms have similar affinities for electrons. They share rather than gain or lose them. They are strong & stable.
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Hydrogen Bond
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weak bond that does not form molecules. Temporarily links between different molecules or between different parts of one large molecule.
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Van der Waals Bonds
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very weak, flickering electrical attraction
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Kinetic Energy
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Atoms and molecules MOVE. Heat is a manifestation of a material's kinetic energy. Temperature is the measure of that energy.
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Bond Energy
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When two or more atoms become a molecule by sharing electrons and bonding with each other-pulled together by an electrical force.
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a Solution
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a material in which individual ions or molecules are dispersed in a liquid, usually clear. ex: salt brines & sugar syrups
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a Suspension
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a material in which a substance is dispersed in a liquid in clusters or particles consisting of many particles in water. Suspensions are usually cloudy because the clusters are large enough to deflect light rays.
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an Emulsion
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a special kind of suspension in which the dispersed substance is a liquid that can't mix evenly with the containing liquid. Cream is an emulsion of butterfat in water.
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a Gel
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a dispersion of water in a solid. The molecules of the solid form a sponge-like network, and the pockets of water are trapped in the network.
ex: jellies made with gelatin or pectin |
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a Foam
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a dispersion of gas bubbles in as liquid or solid.
ex: souffles, bread |
