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89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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PhD in experimental psych wants to practice clinical: Must:
A. Complete an internship under supervision of licensed clinical psychologist. B. complete doctoral level classes and supervised post-doc training c. obtain a PhD in clinical psychology d. meet state's requirements for licensure in clinical psychology. |
b: TRAINING and EDUCATION- coursework and practice, pre and postdoctotrally
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Children raised but demanding but warm parents are typically:
a. neurotic b. oppositional c. insecure d. resilient |
d- resilient.
"demanding but warm" = authoritative |
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WAIS III subtest least affected by age.
A. vocab b. comprehension c. arithmetic d similarities |
Vocab- b/c its crystallized
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Teaching a patient to imagine others in a variety of behaviors and thoughts is:
A. overcorrection B. simple modeling c. covert sensitization d. covert modeling |
COVERT= Imagined
Modeling... so D |
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Moderate MEntal Retardattion::
60-70 35-55 40-60 20-40 |
35 to 55, moderate = 10% of retards
2nd grade academics, but some job skills |
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CE credits earned through an APA approved sponsor are:
a. Sanctioned by apa b. endorsed by apa c. approved by apa d responsibility of the sponsor |
d. responsibility of sponsor
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Highest rates of suicide:
a. married b. divorced c. widowed. d singe, never married |
divorced! then widows, then single, then married.
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Sensory memory: information is retained for:
a. less than two seconds b. less than twenty seconds c. up to a few minutes with rehearsal d. years, but difficult to access |
a. generally less than two seconds, even with rehearsal
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What does research say about interviews:
A. Panel interviews generally most valid, especially when an average rating is derived. B. If interviewers have biodata beforehand, they will discount interview information if biodata against hiring, and use biodata if supportive of hiring. C. Future/situational oriented questions more valid than past. D. Interviews, even structured interviews, can be susceptible to gender bias if different genders |
B- Good interview cant overcome bad biodata, but good biodata/history can be supported or cancelled out by interview.
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Andlerian psychotherapy:
A. has 6 stages as a systematic procedure B. has 12 stages as a guideline C. is a progression through 12 stages D. Does not included stages |
Adler: socratic, warm, empathic treatment with 12 stages of community sense.
6 Phases, with 3 substages |
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Functional nocturnal enuresis:
a. associated with various medical disorders b. most often occurs during REM sleep and associated with dreaming c. not found in children above 12 d. not associated with any particular stage of sleep or medical condition |
d. not associated.
if medical, then not "functional" |
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Raising cutoff score:
A. increase true positive b. decrease false positive c. decrease true negative d. decrease false negative |
decreases false positives.
lowering cutoff increases false positives. |
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Treating nicotene dependence, adding behavioral intervention to Nic replacement:
a. has little effect in short or long term. b. has little effect in short, but does improve long term. c. some in short, nothing in long. d. raises both long and short |
Combo is best:
Has little effect in short, but better numbers in long term. |
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RET suggests emotional disturbances are maintained by:
A. self-indoctrination B. environmental cosequence C. social pressure D. denial |
a. self indoctrination maintains, bio & early life create.
self indoctrination can be internalizatoin of parent messages. |
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What percent of Panic Disorder also have agorophobia?
A. less than 10 B. 15-25 C. 33-50 D. 50-66 |
C. 33%-50%
Panic is 1-2%, and half to one third have overlapping agoraphobia |
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A trainability test would best determine:
A. job performance B. job satisfaction C. performance on job sample D. training needs of organization |
b. performance on the sample.
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Feature integration theory: We perceive an object as an object whole rather than as parts and features depends on our:
a. focused attention b.integrated attention c. selective attention d.divided attention |
A. focused visual attention allows perception of object to occur.
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Damage or lesions where causes indifference or apathy:
A. Corpus callosum B. Frontal C. Parietal D. Pyramidal system |
Frontal lobe's prefrontal association cortex disrupts planning, regulation, and executive functions. Lesions = lowered initiative, deficient self-awareness, concrete thinking. CF: think of lobotomies.
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Cleary's model of test fairness: Unfairness if:
A. BAsed on test, more caucasians than african americans chosen. b. higher validity coefficient for whites than blacks c. slopes test regression line differs d. test content is culturally bound and biased. |
Slope/or y intercept different for different subgroups is what CLEARY talks about.
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Theory of convergent and divergent thinking and intelligence:
a. galton b. thurstone c. guilford d. cattell |
Guilford: and these are
convergent: ability to unify ideas divergent: ability to create new ideas, think outside the box. Cattell: Gc & Gf Thurstone: factor analysis to get multiple primary mental abilities Galton: inherited trait that is normally distributed across population |
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Forgetting biographical information:
A. functional amnesia B. anterograde amnesia C. retrograde amnesia D. fugue |
A. functional amnesia (functional = useful/actual/autiobiographical??)
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Adlerian school psychologist:
A. Works primarily with the school system B. Identifies areas of problems within the system C. Primarily educates parents and teachers through preventive interventions D. Reverses roles, has teachers take on role of parents and children. |
C. Adler: preventive interventions, consults to parents and teachers
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Neuronal threshhold:
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All or none law
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Why are group members hesitatnt to provide negative feedback?
a. groupthink b. minority influence c. Yalom's principle d. the mum effect |
MUM: Mum about Undesirable Messages- people dont like to give negative feedback in group setting.
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Cluster sampling:
a. randomly selects school, then randomly selects classroom within school. b. randomly select a naturally occurring group from larger target pop. c. randomly select several naturally occurring groups, find random individuals within each group. d. randomly select individuals from target population and place into groups by demographics. |
B: randomly select the group. ie, randomly choose schools in state, .
answer a is multistage cluster sampling. |
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Best way to reduce rater errors/biases like halo and leniency/strictness.
A. Forced choice scales B. Forced distribution scales C. Behaviorally anchored rating scales D. Adequately train the raters |
BEST way is to TRAIN raters, though Bx anchors and forced choice help.
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What strategy exacerbates chronic pain?
A. biofeedback B. active coping C. passive coping D. CBT |
Passive coping (pills, expecting others to fix), makes it worse.
All the other ones help. |
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Catecholamine Hypothesis: Depression due to deficiencies with:
A. Actylcholine B. GABA C. Dopamine D. Norepinephrine |
actually d- norepinephrine.
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Quality oriented culture emphasizes all of these except:
a. cross-training so each worker can perform multiple tasks/roles b. viewing workers as needing continuous learning and development c. basing rewards on long-term (vs. short term) achievement d. reward employees for individual (vs. group) achievement |
Quality will emphasize group/teamwork over individual achievement.
TRADITIONAL will emphasize individual: |
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Which is true about bipolar disorder:
a. environmental factors have no proven impact on etiology bipolar disorder b. environmental factors most likely to have impact in early stages c. environmental factors most likely to have impact in later stages d. environmental factors have same impact in all stages |
Most impact in earl stages - often it is psychosocial stressors that trigger initial episodes, but less likely to trigger later episodes.
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Huntingtons in the brain: first area to show:
A. superior colliculus B. Medulla oblangata C. nucleus cuneatus D. caudate nucleus |
D- caudate nucleus (which is part of basal ganglia (and affects gaba and dopamine?))
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Determining two raters level of agreement on a test:
A. Discriminant validity B. Percentage agreement C. Item response theory D. Kappa Coefficient |
Kappa for interscorer reliability on nominal
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High expressed emotion showed to increase risk of relapse for:
a. schizophrenia b. eating disorders c. mood disorders d. all of the above |
d. all of the above
EE originally tied to schozophrenia, now high for mood and eating disorders. |
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Since parental separation, son is withdrawn and cries easily after visits with dad. Mom asks, he says nothing. Mom should interpret this as:
a. lack of attachment to dad b. lack of attachment to mom. c. a clear sign of abuse d. a normal response |
really a normal response to show distress before and after visits with noncustodial parent, especialy at first.
Abuse would have to be more sever, last for much longer. |
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SAD patients with what will respond best to light therapy.
A. atypical symptoms like carb craving and hypersomnia B. melancholic symptoms- insomnia, weight loss C. Incomplete summer remission D. More chronic depression |
A. Atypical symptoms like craving and hypersomnia.
BUT- clear onset/remission is best predictor of response to light |
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Leading cause of infant mortality:
A. respiratory distress B. homicide C. SIDS D. congenital malformations |
d. congenital malformations...
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Head trauma results in deficits to declarative memory. Most likely would also have difficulty:
A. Performing physical tasks B. Remembering childhood events C. Remembering his own name D. Remembering last nights dinner |
D. delcaring yesterdays dinner.
Amnesia from head trauma starts local and then spreads further back... |
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Alcoholic has significant memory problems from heavy drinking. Most likely with:
A. getting dressed b. remembering someone she met last week c. remembering her first date d. remembering five digits forward and backward. |
b. Remembering last week.
- Korsakoff from alcohol results in recent retrograde and anterograde. Procedural, long term and short term are unaffected. |
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People with PTSD dont need psychiatric medication unless:
A. They also have high level of cognitive functioning B. They experience feelings of numbness C. They tolerate therapy well. D. The symptoms of avoidance and derealization interfere with living. |
D. Usually just psychotherapy, unless INTERFERE WITH LIVING- ie, intrusive expereinces, flashbaccks, psychosis, derealizatino, avoidance, numbing.
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Fundamental Attribution Error:
a. Overestimate situational, underestimate dispositional in others b. Underestimate situation, overestimate dispositional in others. c. Overestiamte situation and underestimate disposition about ones own failures, underestimate situational, overestimate dispositional in own success. d. overestimate situation and underestimate disposition in self. |
b. underestimate situation/overestimate disposition in others. (ie, this guy drives like an asshole, not this guy has an emergency!)
c. is the self-serving bias- about success/failure. |
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Inability to perform complex, intentional behaviors:
a. ataxia b. alexia c. agnosia d. apraxia |
d. apraxia- a is more about coordination: cant PLAN/EXECUTE
ataxia: more like clumsy, drunk, uncoordinated. |
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UR: Utilization Review:
a. to eliminate benefits or reduce unneccessary health care resources b. determine the adequacy of health care by comparing to existing standards c. make decisions on patient care by a team of experts d. allow patient to choose from various care plans. |
UR is FOR SAVING MONEY... assess use of benefits, and eliminate unnecessary expenses.
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HIPAA applies to:
A. All providers practicing in the US and territories B. Only those provideres transmitting patient info by fax or internet C. only those who subcontract work like billing. D. only providers transmitting patient information electronically. |
D- only health providers/hmos/entities who transmit information electronically. JUST MAIL PHONE OR FAX not an entity, has to be internet. Even if just one-way, like receive info but not send it.
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After a stroke or trauma, what memory functions will most likely be affected?
a. iconic memory b. long-term memory c. memory for newly learned information d. verbal memory |
c. the recently formed memories- spreads backwards...
Its the same with substance related damage. |
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Which of these is an example of assimilation:
A. Arranging flowers in a vase B. changing clothes to please your spouse C. Calling daisies in a vase "posies" D. Putting on a coat in winter |
c. -- interpret new information in terms of existing schema. Lets daisies into "posies" schema.
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Bandura: Punishing a model for aggression in front of male and female subjects:
a. when punished, male and female children more likely to be aggressive than when rewarded. b. when punished, performance (but not learning) of aggression is reduced. c. when punished, learning and performance both reduced. d. when punished, male and female less likely to agree that aggression is acceptable. |
b. when punished, children learn aggression but act aggressive less.
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After testing students as part of experiment, professor finds one who is at risk. He recommends counseling and contacts friend at counseling center. The professor acted:
A. Unethically, because revealed information to a 3rd party. B. Ethically, because acted in accord with students welfare C. Ethically, because the college was his client/employer D. Ethically because he wasn't a clinician. |
A. unethically- revealed protected information, and not an emergency/imminent threat.
-Ethics code of APA applies to all psychologists, not just clinical psychologists. |
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Specific phobia treamtment:
A. In vivo exposure and imagined exposure about about equal if sessions are sufficiently long in duration. B. effectiveness of exposure increases with cognitive techniques. C. For some phobias (animal, dental) two to four sessions may be adequate. D. systematic desensitization is more effective than prolonged exposure |
Exposure usually best for all anxiety disorders. Specific phobias brief in vivo is best, cognitive components have little value added.
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Medications for OCD mostly target:
a. GABA b. Serotonin c. norepinephrine d. serotonin |
D serotonin
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Schizophrenia: Monozygotic twins:
a. 2.5 x as likely b. 1x as likely c. 4x as likely d. 6.5x as likley |
2.5x as likely
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Bandura's social learning: "Functional Value" is
a. external reinforcers b. anticipated consequences c. self-efficacy beliefs d. relationship to previous learning |
b. an action has functional value when you believe it will have intended/desirable consequences.
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Which is not true about smoking.
a. Most people gain weight, usually 15-20 lbs b. Fear o gaining weight keeps people from quitting, and weight gain can trigger relapse. c. depression is higher among smokers than non. d. quitting can trigger depression in those with a history. |
ALL are true, except for a, usually just 7-9 lbs,
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Which is most true about suicide in teens:
A. Males in dual-parent homes higher rates than single parent homes B. Females from dual parent homes have higher rate than single parent homes C. Males and females form single parent homes have higher rates than dual parent homes. D. No relationship between home life and suicide rates. |
C. Males and females from single parent homes have higher rate than dual parent homes.
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Hintington's disease is associated with decreased amounts of:
GABA Dopamine Epinephrine Norepinephrine |
GABA- not enough GABA which leads to too much dopamine...
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Which of the following is true about old people and psychotherapy:
A. Older adults do not respond as well as younger. B. Older adults respond better than young adults C. Older adults respond similarly, though quicker D. Older adults respond similar, but slower |
Similar but slower.
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What would be most important factor in prescribing a tricyclic?
A. Suicide risk B. History of success/failure with tricyclic C. Atypicality of symptoms D. Vegetative/Somatic symptoms |
A. suicide risk
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Complex partial seizure disorder (aka Temporal Lobe Epilepsy), originates in the temporal lobe. However, absence or "petit mal" seizures originate:
A. Cerebellum B. Thalamus C. Occiptial Lobe D. Parietal Lobe |
Thalamus
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Boss tells salesperson a to "do the best he can" and salesperson b to "make at least 20 sales to break his previous record." At the end of the shift, A has 15, B has 22. The outcome is predicted by:
A. Goal setting theory B. Need for achievement theory C. Two-factor theoary D. Path-goal theory |
Goal setting-
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ADHD in the brain:
A. Caudate nucleus B. Thalamus abnormalities c. corpus callosum D. size of RAS |
Caudate nucleus
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Kuder-Richardon reliability:
A. Split half reliability B. test-retest reliability C. likert scales D. Dichotomously scored questions |
D. dichotomous
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Actress plays a kind woman on TV, gets email telling her she is kind.
A. ultimate attribution error B. fundamental attribution error C. self-serving bias D. selectivity bias |
Fundamental attribution error- overestimate dispositional factors seen, underestimate situation (situation that she is an actress!)
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Children's memory for early events:
a. changes over time b. changes after age 2 c is limited and constant d. cannot be recalled after age three |
changes over time
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What should a clinician do if recently found positive for HIV?
a. inform clients as early as feasible. b. obtain supervision to ensure the medicatl condition does not interfere with performance of work-related duties c. refrain from initiating professional activities that may be adversely affected by condition d. psychologst is under no legal or ethical obligation to take any precaution or speical action. |
C- if health or emotional or personal issues "refrain from initiating any activity when there is substantial likelihood that personal problems with will prevent interfering in a competent manner."
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Client factors in therapy:
A. more disturbed clients have better outcomes B. high intelligence predicts better outcomes C. Age is a significant factor D. Men are more likely to seek therapy |
Intelligence
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"I'm afraid because I run"
A. Cannon and Bard B. Yerkes & Dodson C. James and Lange D. Miller and Dollard |
James and Lange: first observe our behavior, then interpret it.
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Protocol analysis:
A. specifying unstated rules of communication between people B. Analyze behavior antecendents and consequences. C. Record specific behaviors that allow one to understand subjects problem solving strategy D. standardizing psychotherapy procedures |
Watch and record behaviors to understand subjects approach. (cf- testing)
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Multiple regression analysis to predict outcome:
A. low intercorrelations, high predictor-criterion correlation B. high intercorrelations, high predictor-criterion correlation C. low intercorrelations, low predictor-criterion correlation D. High intercorrelations, low predictor-criterion correlation |
Intercorrelations dont matter, you want high predictor-criterion outcome
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Which measures degree of difference between subjects in the same treatment group?
A. F ratio B. Mean square between C. Mean square within D. standard error of mean |
mean square within
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Psychodrama: The problem to be explored is chosen by:
A. Protagonist B. Director C. Audience D. Antagonist |
Protagonist chooses, director facilitates, audience give feedback.
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Neural Development:
A. Meiosis, Mitosis, migration, myelination B. Mitosis, meiosis, differentiation, myelination C. differentiation, migration, myelination D. proliferation, migration, differentiation, myelination |
PMDM - D
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"Automatic Thoughts"
A. Basic irrational beliefs that underlie depression etc. B. interpretations of situation that determine behavioral and emotional response C. central, firmly help beliefs about self D. misinterpretations of situations that reflect cognitive distortion |
B. interpretations (remember, they dont have to be "Bad, negative, etc"
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Therapists who get sexually invovled:
A. Usually believe they are in love due to fantasy of clients unique characteristics B. Usually do so out of poor judgment and lack of experience. C. Usually to fulfill personal needs resulting from events in their own life. D. Tpically have no characteristcs that set them apart from other therapists |
C.Usually have their own other boundary issues or personal issues.
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The primary associated feature of somatoform disorders is:
A. Panic attacks B. Anxiety and depression C. addiction or dependence D. somatic delusions |
Its anxiety and depression
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Two or more independent variables:
A MANOVA ANOVA 1-way Factorial ANOVA ANCOVA |
Factorial ANOVA
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Eigenvalue:
A. variability in group accounted for by independent statistical component. B. variability in a group accounted for by statistical component sharing variablility with others. C. variability in one variable accounted for by independent satistical components D. variability in all variables accounted for by all components in analysis |
Eigen: Independent one, so A
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You have been court-ordered to evaluate. You explain the purpose of the evaluation and complete it. As you are packing up your testing materials, the prisoner smirks, and says, "I agreed to this but I didn't sign anything. You are out of luck, doctor."
A You should go ahead and complete the report, but leave out the prisoner's comments. B The prisoner is correct -- you should refer for a new assessment. C You should add this verbal comment to the report, noting the prisoner's passive-aggressive tendencies. D You should have read the case file because you would have learned that the accused is also an attorney; this would affect how you would treat this prisoner. |
A. write it up, leave out the comments
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As a successfully licensed psychologist, you are supervising your first intern. You need to
A inform your intern that he should use your name as a pseudonoym. B inform your intern that he needs to let his clients know he is in supervision. C let his clients know his limitations as a clinician. D have the intern get informed assent from the clients; you are responsible for informed consent. |
B. needs to let them know he is in supervision
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Alzheimer's Dementia often results in problems in the executive functions such as:
A aphasia and agnosia B apraxia and disorientation C planning and organizing D recalling and recognizing |
Executive function of planning and organizing (c)
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Best OCD drug:
Lithium Clomipramine Disulfram Diazepam |
B: Clomipramine.
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According to Donald Super, career development can be described in terms of progress through a developmental sequence of vocational stages. One's standing in this developmental sequence, in relation to where one should be, given his or her chronological age, is referred to as
A vocational maturity. B vocational consistency. C vocational resolution. D vocational level. |
Vocational Maturity (A)
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Research on psychotherapy outcomes suggest that, overall, culturally diverse groups do about as well as Anglo clients. However, as a specific group, less favorable outcomes are shown by
A African-Americans. B Asian-Americans. C Hispanics. D Anglo-Americans. |
A African Americans have less favorable outcomes.
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A child receives a Performance IQ score that is higher than her Verbal IQ score on the WISC-III. When interpreting this difference, it is important to keep in mind that:
A the difference is not significant unless it is 20 points or more. B the difference may be significant if it is 12 points or more. C the difference may be significant if it is 12 points or more and the scatter on the Performance subtests is less than 9 points and the scatter on the Verbal subtests is less than 7 points. D the difference may be significant if it is 18 points or more and the scatter on the Performance subtests is 9 points or more and the scatter on the Verbal subtests is 7 points or more. |
C. You need the 12 points, but scatter cant be too great or it renders it all meangingless.
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The error inherent in the best fit regression line is called the standard error of the:
A estimate. B mean. C measurement. D coefficient. |
A. Estimate in the error in the regression line.
ALSO: remember correlation coefficient and S.E.E. |
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With parental consent, a psychologist has been providing therapy to a 12-year-old boy for a couple of months. Unexpectedly, both parents suddenly withdraw their consent. The psychologist believes that continuing therapy is in the best interests of the boy. The psychologist’s best course of action would be to:
A seek judicial intervention B obtain a signed consent from the boy and continue treatment C stop the treatment because both parents have withdrawn their consent but provide them with referrals to other therapists D continue to see the boy without the parents’ consent |
A. actually have to get judicial intervention. Ethically you serve the patient, so if that interferes with laws of consent which vary from state to state, you make known your commitment to ethics and resolve as best as possible.
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Transactional-Transformation model is universal. True or false?
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True- Observed in a range of cultures and organizations.
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Alcohol abuse and dependence male to female ratio:
10:1 2:1 5:1 8:1 |
c. 5:1
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George Kelley:
A. Psychopathology "stlye of life" B. cognitive schemas C. Psychopathology is early trauma D. Move from interdependency to mature interdependency. |
B. schemas or constructs
Adler would be D, |
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Adolescent who is unresolved will exhibit:
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Repudiation
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A child who is not putting together two-word phrases, by which of the following ages, should be taken in for an evaluation?
A 12 months B 18 months C 24 months D 30 months |
1-2 years, two or more word sentences, so worry at 30 months!
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