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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where does CT originate from and what are the classifications?
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Mesoderm, CT proper or specialized CT (blood, bone, and cartilage)
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General Functions of CT
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-Structural support to cells, tissues organs
-Medium for exchange -Defense and protection-Stores fat (adipose tissue) |
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3 Types of Fibers
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Collagen, Elastic, Reticular
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Importance of Ground Substance of CT?
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-Not seen in histological sections, permits difussion and its mostly h20
-attracts water |
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Hemotoxylin, what does it bind to?
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basic dye, basophilic strcutres , ribosome
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Eosin what does it bind to?
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acidic dye, stains collagen, mitochondria, collagen, RBCs
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Describe collagen fibers
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Most abundant
-Are proteins made of 3 amino acid alpha chains wrapped helically to generate a trophocollagen triple helix fibril and fiber -Inelastic, provide great tensile strength |
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What is Ehlers Danlos Syndrome?
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Type I/II - lose joints
Type IV - rupture of bowel Type Vi - is scoliosis |
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What are the properties of elastic fibers?
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-Stretch easily but return to their original shape when forces are released
-Thinner than collagen and form irregular branching network -Consist of protein elastin and stain weakly in HE sections -No visible cross striatiosn by EM (opposed to collagen) |
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Main feature of elastic fibers
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elastin molecules are extensively cross linked allowing entire network to stretch and recoil like rubberband
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Properties of Reticular Fibers
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-Thin type III form of collagen
-Provide delicate supportive network in glands -Found in basement membranes under epitelia -Not visible in HE |
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What are cells of CT
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fibroblast, adipocytes, mast cells, macrophages, plasma cells, pericytes
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Origins of a fibroblast
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They come from inactive to active
-Undifferentiated mesenchymal cell (inactive) -Differentiation -We get Mature collagen producing fibroblast (active) |
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What is the suffix cyte and blastmean?
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cyte = undifferniated cell
-blast = active cell |
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Properties of Fibroblast
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Most abundant cell in CT
-Produces almost all cm -Elongated or fusiform -Prominent RER, Golgi, Nucleus, Euchromatin |
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What is euchroatin?
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active gene transcription
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Properties of Adipocytes? (Fat Cells)
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-Fat is made up of adipocytes (septa divide fat into lobules)
-White fat contains adipocytes that are unilocular (single droplet) -Signet ring profile with displaced nucleus -Limited RER and mitochondria, abundant polysomes -makes store and releases fat metabolites |
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brown fat is
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multilocular, has lots of mitochondria, central nucleus, generate heat, multiple lipid droplets
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What are the propeties of mast cells?
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-Largest fixed cell in CT
-Come from bone marrow and travel through blood to CT -Associated with small blood vessels -Contain an abundance of membranee bound granules (histamine, heparin, leukocyte chemoattractants) -LIfespan 2 months |
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Properties of Macrophage
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Irregular shape, motile
-Cytoplasm is basophilic and has many small vacuoles and grandules and well developed Glgi and RER -Kidney shaped nucleus Phagocyose Bone marrow derived and arrive in CT through Blood LIfe span is 2 months |
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Properties of Plasma cell
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intensely basopilic RER with prominent goli
-fuction in inflammation to produce and secrete antibodies -come from hematopoietic stem cells -short lived 2-3 weeks and transiet ct cell |
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Properties of pericyte
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small cells associated with blood vessels
-stablize blood capillary wall -have stem cell like properties and can give rise to multiple cell types -are mesenchymal stem cells -involved in repair and regeneration of tissues |
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loose ct
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highly cellular with few fibers
flexible and not very resistant to stress |
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dense ct
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predominance of fibers over cells
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dense irregular ct
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ressitant to stress in all directions
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dense regular ct
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ressitant to traction forces in one direction
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Properties of cartilage
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large chondrocytes trapped in their lacunae
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bone properties
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bone is organized into layers called lamellae, contains numerous blood vessels
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properties of the matrix of cartilage
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it is mostly organic
-70% h2o, 20% collagen (2, 2A1) and PGs (2-10%) -collagen imparts tensile strenght while PGS in matrix impart resilience -PGs are large molecules that hold large amounts of water and resist compression |
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osteoblast
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matrix producing cell
-make bone |
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osteocyst
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encased in matrix
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properties of matrix of bone
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10% organic and 90% inorganic
-organic has type 1 collagen (secreted by osteoblast) which gives tensile strenght -inorganic matrix has hydroxyapatit that imparts rigidity |
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osteoclast
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chews up bone
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3 types of cartilage
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Hyaline
Fibrous Elastic |
