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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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wine production in the US |
about 295 million cases |
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US - in order of wine production |
California, Washington, NY, Oregon, Virginia |
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about how many commercial wineries are in the US |
about 7600 |
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where are Mexico's wineries primarily |
Baja California |
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Where are Canada's wineries found primarily |
inland British Columbia and Great Lakes area of Ontario |
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how many years was Prohibition |
13 yrs |
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which amendment was passed in 1933 repealing Prohibition |
21st |
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about when did wine become more fashionable in the US |
1960s |
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What placed CAlif. Chard and Cab Sauv side by side with the finest white Burgundy and BOrdeaux |
The Paris Tasting of 1976 |
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brothers who were almost singlehandedly responsible for consistent and reasonably priced wine after prohibition |
Ernest and Julio Gallo |
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Hungarian immigrant who helped found the California wine industry |
Agoston Haraszthy |
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founder of the first Napa Valley winery in 1861 |
Charles Krug |
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founder of the first successful US commerical winery in Ohio in 1830s, produced first sparkling wine in America |
Nicholas Longworth |
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Calif winemaker who was most instrumental in establish the reputation of Californian wine quality |
Robert Mondavi |
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wine journalist credited with introducing and promoting the concept of varietal labeling helping Calif. better define its wines |
Frank Schoonmaker |
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Franciscan monk who planted the 1st vineyards in Calif. in the 1760s & 1770s |
Junipero Erra |
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Calif. winemaker who introduced many modern techniques to the US |
Andre Tchelistcheff |
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son of Sutter Home Winery's co-founder Mario Trinchero, developed idea to create white wine from red Zinfadel grape, saved many of Calif. Zinfadel vines from being uprooted or abandoned |
Bob Trinchero |
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3 tiers of US wine industry |
producers or suppliers, distributors or wholesalers, retailers |
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wineries can only sell to...? |
distributors |
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foreign wineries must sell their wine through ..? |
a US import company |
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distributors cannot have direct ownership of..? |
wineries or retail establishments and can't sell directly to public |
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retailers must remain ____ of the other tiers |
independent |
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Alcohol & Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau |
TTB |
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federal department that is responsible for enforcing laws relevant to alcohol businesses |
TTB |
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Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives |
ATF |
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producer's wine can be sold to: |
distributor, importer, direct to consumers at the winery, direct to consumers by shipping courier |
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____is divided into the on- and off- premise trade |
retail |
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in which states is the state also the sole off-premise retailer of wine |
Pennsylvania & Utah |
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2005 case known as the Granhom Decision |
The Sup. Court rules that in interstate commerce, states cannot set a different standard for the products of other states than they do for their own |
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place of origin is referred to as |
Appellation of Origin (AO |
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American Viticultural Area |
AVA |
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about how many distinct AVAs have been approved in 32 states |
206 |
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who is responsible for ensuring that wine labels meet federal labeling laws |
theTTB |
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all wine labels in the US require this |
brand name, class or type of wine, alcohol content, name and address of bottler, place of origin, net contents (volume), sulfite statement, health warning |
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additional items that MAY appear on a wine label |
vintage date, grape variety, appellation of origin, "Estate Bottled", opt info about wine, winery or related subject matter, label art |
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European place names that are considered "semi generic" |
Chablis, Burgundy, Chianti, Port & Madeira |
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although they clearly refer to European wine regions, they have been used outside of those regions for so long they have lost their explicit reference to the original wine zone |
semi-generic |
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Semi-generic terms can be used on US labels if they... |
provide a US geographic term also such as "California Port Wine" (only if approved prior to March 2006 |
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alcohol content of a wine |
11-15% |
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variance the TTB allows in ABV |
plus or minus 1.5% |
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for wines more than ___%, the alcohol content must be states |
14 |
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wines over 14% are legally known as _____whether or not they are sweet |
dessert wines |
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wines legally classified as "dessert wines" are |
taxed at a higher rate than table wines |
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wines containing___of sulfur dioxide are required to carry "Contains sulfites" on the label |
10 parts per million |
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if a vintage date is on a label , a min of ___% of the wine must be made from the stated year |
95 |
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min requirement of wine from the vintage date if the place of origin is listed |
85 |
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if a single grape variety appears on the label, the wine must contain a min of __% of the variety |
75 (90 for Oregon) |
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year that Meritage term was coined |
1988 |
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for a Meritage, production cannot exceed ____cases |
25,000 |
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red BOrdeaux varieties that can be used in Meritage |
Cab Sauv, Merlot, Cab, Franc, Petit Verdot, Malbec, St. Macaire, Gros Verdot, & Carmenere |
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at least __ of the listed grapes must be used in Meritage |
2 |
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no one grape can account for more than ___ % of a Meritage blend |
90 |
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rules for the label to say "estate Bottled" in US |
grapes must come from 1 or more vineyards owned or leased by winery; vineyard must be within a single AVA; winery must also be located in that AVA |
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Reserve, Special Selection, Old Vines |
terms at have no legal definition at the federal level although generally associated with extraordinary wines |
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prime winegrowing latitudes |
30- 50 degrees latitude |
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west coast latitudes |
32-49 |
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area in US where weather conditions make quality grape growing difficult |
the central part of the country that experiences a continental climate; exacerbated in the mountaineous west by high elevations |
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weather pattern that brings humid air to the Eastern Seaboard producing conditions for plant disease and fungi to develop in the summer |
no mountains along the coast to provide barrier for humid air from the Caribbean |
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grapes of the species labrusca were known as ... |
"fox grapes" and flavor described as "foxy"; also extremely acidic |
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which grapes were imported from Europe |
vinifera |
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native american grapes |
Catawba, Delaware, Niagara, & Concord |
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native american grapes of other species than lambrusca |
Norton, Scupperonong |
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responsible for the destructino f early American vinifera plants (and those in Europe) |
phylloxera |
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hybrids of native american grapes and vinifera |
Seyval Blanc , Vidal Blanc and Chambourcin (french/american hybrids) |
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2 ways that phylloxera was combatted |
hybridizing and grafting |
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2 grapes that were of mysterious origin until recently in the US |
Zinfandel and PEtite Sirah |
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descendant of a Croation grap, Crljenak Kastelanski |
zinfandel |
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us grape now known to be same grape as Durif |
Petit Sirah (natural Syrahx Peloursin cross by chance) in the nursery of FRancois Durif, a French botanist |
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approved grape synonym for Sauvignon Blanc |
Fume Blanc |
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approved synonym for Mourvedre |
Mataro |
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approved synonym for Muscat Blanc |
Muscat Canelli |
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approved synonym for Pinot Gris |
pinot grigio |
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approved synonym for Syrah |
Shirax |
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approved synonym for Tempranillo |
Valdepenas |
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approved synonym for Riesling |
White Riesling |
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Grape synonym no longer permitted for PInto NOir or Valdiguie |
Gamay Beaujolais |
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no longer permitted synonym for Riesling |
Johannisberg Riesling |
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no longer permitted synonym for Gamay or VAliguie |
Napa Gamay |
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reasons that California does well for grapes |
ample sunshine, mild winters, generally low humidity & Mediterr. climate that rarel brings any rainfall or clouds during summer or harvest season |
