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14 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Metacognition
Term used to describe what, how and why people know what they know when they know it. A characteristic of higher ordered, mature and sophisticated thinking
Visual-Perceptual Disability
(Dyslexia most recognized- see letters in reverse)) see letters and #'s in different positions. May confuse right or left, skip or reverse words. poor hand-eye coordination
Auditory-Perceptual Disability
(hard of hearing) May find it difficult to distinguish between the differences in sound. Appear "lost" or "confused" when called upon. Appear to not be paying attention
Attention and Hyperactivity Disorders
consistently show one or more of following behaviors:
1. have a difficult time paying attention
2. are distracted easily
3. show hyperactivity
4. become frustrated easily
5. have difficulty controlling muscle or motor activity (constantly moving)
6. have difficulty staying on task
7. show innapropriate over-activity
Perceptual-Motor Disability
Have difficulty with coordination and may often appear clumsy or disoriented. Sometimes their hands are in constant motion and may get in the way of their activity
Mental Retardation
known as educationally delayed. have subnormal cognitive functioning at an IQ level of 70 or below.
Affects 1-2% of population, most falling in mild range
Classical conditioning and it's Educational Implications
Pavlov- dogs salivating to bells
Watson- applied stimulus-response manipulation to children and claimed behavior of children is easily conditioned
Educational Implications:
1. Teachers can be assured that through repetition(and based upon the child's experience) learning is predictable
2. Teachers can help children be successful by making their world more orderly and predictable
3. Teachers will recognize a child's learned experiences can account for later behavior patterns
Operant conditioning and its educational implications
B.F. Skinner- children learn from operating in their environment. Respond to reinforcement. Behavior that is reinforced (rewarded) will tend to be strengthened. Behavior that is not reinforced will tend to be extinguished.
Educational Implications:
1. Teachers can use behavior modification in the classroom as a learning tool (altering the environment or situation to produce a more favorable outcome)
2. Teachers can reinforce positive behavior to rpoduce subsequent desirable behaviors (e.g. positive feedback, praise or gold stars) and not reinforce undesirable behaviors
Allegro
Fast tempo
Chord
Several notes sounded together
Clef
the symbol indicating the pitch of the notes (treble or bass)
Consonance
combo of tones that produce a quality of relaxation
Dissonance
Combo of tones that produces a quality of tension
timbre
the characteristic sound of a voice or instrument