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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is bioenergetics
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The flow of energy in a biological system concerns primarily the conservsion of macronutrients carbohydrates proteins and fats which contain chemical energy into biological usable forms of energy
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Energy
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The ability or capacity to perform work
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what is catabolism
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The breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules is associated with the release of energy
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anabolism
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the synthesis of larger molecules from smaller molecules can be accomplished using the energy released from catabolic reactions
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Exergonic reactions
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Energy releasing reactions and are generally catabolic
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Endergonic reactions
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Require energy and include anabolic processes and the contraction of muscle
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Metabolism
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The total of all the catabolic or exergonic and anabolic or endergonic reactions in a biological system
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Adenosine triphosphate ATP
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Allows the transfer of energy from exergonic to endergonic reactions without an adequate supply of ATP muscular activity and growth would not be possible
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What makes up adenosine triphosphate
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1 adenosine and 3 phosphate groups
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What makes up adenosine
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Is the combination of adenine a nitrogen-containing bar and ribose a 5 carbon sugar
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What is hydrolysis
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The breakdown of one molecule of ATP to yield energy is known as hydrolysis. It is known as hydrolysis due to the fact that it requires one molecule of water
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The hydrolysis of ATP is catalyzed by the presence of an enzyme called what
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Adenosine triphosphatase, or more specifically myosin ATPase
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What is the role of calcium ATPase
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it pumps calcium into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
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Sodium potassium ATPase
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maintains the sarcolemma concentration gradient after depolarization
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What is ADP
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Adenosine diphosphate
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further hydrolysis of ATP cleaves the second phosphate group and yields what
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Adenosine monophosphate AMP
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what are the three basic energy systems
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1. The passage in system
2. Psychologist 3. Oxidative system |
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Define anaerobic and aerobic
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Anaerobic processes that do not required oxygen
arabic mechanisms depending on air |
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what what energy groups fall under anaerobic
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The phosphagen system and the first phase of glycolysis
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What energy systems fall under slow or aerobic
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The Krebs cycle electron transport and the rest of the oxidative system that occur in the mitochondria of muscle cells and require oxygen as the terminal electron receptor
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