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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the presontation of a box jelly sting? |
Severe localised pain, wide (0.1-1cm erythematous lines (whip weal with frosted ladder pattern), confusion and agitation. Pulmonary oedma, unconciousness, collapre with respiratory failure and/or cardiac arrest. |
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Presontation of irukandju syndroms? |
Severe lower back pain, muscle cramps, nausia and vomiting, restlessness, anxiety - sence of impending doom. Pulmonary oedma, hypertension 200-250. Onset usually 5-120 minutes post envenomation, average is 30 mins) |
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What is the treatment of a string from a tropical jelly? |
Support ABCs, vinegar - effectine nematocyst inhimitor. Saltwater removal of unfired nematocysts if vinegar isn't avalable. NOT fresh water because it activated the nematocytes. Administer pain relief and ice packs. Manage nausea and/or vomiting. PIMS is NOT recomended. |
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What is the treatment of a Box jelly sting? |
Antivenom - for cardiac arrest, decreased ALOC, cardiac and/or respiratory distress or collapse, total surface area affected > half the surface area of one limb, intracable pain unrelieved by pin relief management. - presontationampoules with 20,000 units of antivenom. |
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What are the dosages for the box jelly antivenom? |
Adult/child - non arrest - IVI - 20,000 units, prefered route, administered over 10 mins. - IMI 60,000 units, administered over 2-5 mins. May need multiple injection sites. . Adult/child - arrest - IVI 20,000 units administered over 2-5 mins, may be repeated up to 60,000 units. Antivenom may be administered after the basic life support interventions have been done first. Be aware for pt anapyalyaxis. |
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What is further management for box jellys? |
ICPs - Promethaxine, very effective against nausia. Magnesium, indicated for pts unresponsive to antivenom therapy. - adult - loading dose of 20 mmol slow IV over 10 mins then 20 mmol over 60 mins. - peadatrivs - loading dose of 0.1mmol/kg (rounding to nearest 0.5mmol) slow push over 10 mins, single dose not to exceed 5 mmol, may be repeated once at 10 mins. |
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What is further management for irukandji? |
Magnesium - this decreases both catecholamine release and sympathetic terminal receptivity to ctecholamines. Adult - loading dose of 20 mmol slow IV over 10 mins the 20 mmol over 60 mins. Peadiatrics - loading dose of 0.1 mmol/kg (rounded to nearest 0.5 mmol) slow IV over 10 mins, single dose not to exceed 5 mmol, may be repeated once at 10 mins. Watch closely for cardiac arrhythmias/compromise, pulmonary oedma. GTN if systolic >160 every 5 mins. Promethaxine found to beeffective in nausia and vomiting. |
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Treatment for non-tropical bluebottle jellys? |
- pick off any adheret tenticles with gloved fingers. - rinse stung area well with seawater to remove invisible stinging cells. - Vinagar is NOT recomended. - Place the victums stung area in hot water, then try cold if hot doesnt work. |
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Treatment for minor non-topical jellyfish? |
- take of tenticles - rinse well with sea water - apply cold packs |
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Symptoms for the cone fish (snale) and blue ringed octerpuss? |
- Sone fish - contain conotocins (multiple actions) - Blue ringed octopuss - contains tetrodotoxin, which causes motor paralysis due to neuronal sodium channel blockage. - Symptoms - painless bite, numbness of lips and tounges, respirtory difficulty leading to paralysis of respiratory muscles (death can occur within 30 mins of bite) - Treatment - respiratory support including IPPV - PIMS THAT S**T |
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What are some other fish stings and what is the management? |
Includes bullrouts, stonefish and stingrays. - stonefish venom contains pre and post synaptic neurotoxins, tissue necrosis factor and is a vasodilator. - The stingray barb contains cenom that produces tissue necrosis but is the trauma caused by the barb that is of most common consern. The barb is covered by stinky black proties that is broken down with hot water (as hot as can be) Management - Manage trauma, place sting area in hot water. If local pain is unreleived by hot water, apply cold packs. Additional pain relief may be effected. Antivenom available for stonefish (mainly for pain management) |
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What catagories are plants put into? |
- GIT toxins - cardiac toxins - proconvulsants - hallucinogenic plants - anticolinergic plants - other hallucinogenic plants - stinging plants. |
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What are some GIT irritants? |
Arum family (araceae) Dieffenbachia philodendron Elephants ear anthurium Monstera spp. . - These are common but mostly cause only local irritation to the mouth, serious toxication is rare. - can cause intense salivation and swelling of lips, mouth and tongue. |
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What are some other GIT irratants? |
- toxalbumins - castor oil plant, gidee gidee/jequirity bean, jatropha spp. These are very potent toxins which inhibit protein synthesis and cause a delayed and severe haemorrhagic gastroenteritis followed by multiple organ failure |
