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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lung cancer commonly metastasizes to: _
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Brain, Liver, Adrenal glands, and Bone.* (BLAB)
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What are risk factors for cancer, other than smoking?
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asbestos, radon (miners), COPD
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Symptoms of lung cancer present early in its course (T/F)
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False . Lung CA is clinically silent for most of its course.*
The presence of symptoms usually occurs late in the disease. |
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What are some local symptoms for lung cancer (due to local tumor growth)?
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A new cough or change in Cough!
Hemoptysis - coughing up blood Wheezing (particularly unilateral) Weight Loss |
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What are some symptoms of lung cancer due to local invasion of adjacent structures?
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Chest Pain, Dyspnea,
May also include Superior Vena Cava Syndrome, Horner's syndrome, pancoast syndrome |
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What are clinical diagnostic tests you do for superior vena cava syndrome?
How do you treat this? |
CXR, Venogram, and CT scan.*
Try to reduce the size: Chemotherapy, Radiation, Diuretics, Steroids, Anticoagulants and Surgical removal.* |
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Horners syndrome triad?
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Unilateral facial hemianhidrosis, ptosis, and miosis.*
Anhidrosis=Decreased sweating Ptosis: Upper eyelid droop Miosis: Constricted pupil |
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What are symptoms of lung cancer due to metastatic disease?
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Cervical and supraclavicular lymphadenopathy.*
Lesions in brain, liver, adrenal gland and bone (blab) should create concern for Lung cancer (especially in smokers).* Weight loss |
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Paraneoplastic syndromes are triggered by _. They are most common in patients with _ cancers
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Triggered by a persons’ immune response to the cancer or tumor. (so they have a fever).
Most common in pts. with lung, ovarian, lymphatic or breast cancers. They often present as neurologic symproms similar to stroke and happen before the diagnosis of cancer! |
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_ account for the vast majority of lung cancers. What are the two main types?
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bronchogenic carcinomas.
small cell carcinoma, non small cell carcinoma |
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Adenocarcinomas are a type of _. They are found in the _ of the lung and have what type of prognosis?
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Non small cell lung cancer
Very slow growing Found in the periphery and have a very poor prognosis (takes longer to diagnosis bc it takes longer for symptoms to arise) |
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_ cell lung cancer metastasizes rapidly, and usually already have metastatic disease at the time of presentation. It is commonly associated with paraneoplastic syndromes
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small cell lung cancer
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How do you treat Small Cell Carcinoma?
WIthout treatment, the median survival is _ |
chemotherapy
median survival is less than 5 months |
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PET scan is helpful in the dx of lung cancer because it can provide info about _
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metastases to distant organs
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_ is necessary when diagnosing lung cancer to determine the best course of treatment
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Staging
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In early stages of lung cancer, _ treatment is recommended.
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complete surgical resection
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In mid stages of lung CA, _ treatment is recommended.
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postoperative radiation
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What offers the best chance for a cure of lung cancer?
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surgery
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Radiation therapy for NSCLC often effectively _local disease
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controls
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A solitary pulmonary nodule is a _ lesion less than _ in diameter.
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spherical lesion less than 3 cm in diameter
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A _ is a spherical lesion less than 3 cm in diameter, usually found on CXR. Up to 50% are malignant
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solitary pulmonary nodule
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A significant number of lung cancers are initially detected as an _
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asymptomatic radiographic abnormality*.
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