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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the climate of Burgundy?
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Continental climate
Frost, rain at harvest, hail |
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What is the general geography of Burgundy from north to south?
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Chablis (Yonne)
Cote de Nuits (Cote d'Or) Hautes Cotes de Nuits (Cote d'Or) Cote de Beaune (Cote d'Or) Cote Chalonnaise (Saone-et-Loire) Cote Maconnais (Saone-et-Loire) Beaujolais (Lyon) |
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What varietals are permitted in Burgundy?
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Chardonnay
Aligote Pinot Noir Gamay Noir |
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Generally describe the soils of Burgundy
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Varies between the five sub-regions.
Northern: Chalk and Clay/Marl Southern: Granite |
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What is marl?
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A calcium carbonate or lime-rich mud
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What are common viticulture techniques for Burgundy?
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High vine density
Low training Gyuot in Cote d'Or (Cane) Gobelet in Beaujolas (Spur) Best vineyards are hand harvested Vineyards face E or SE for max sunlight Clones are important |
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What are common vinification techniques for Burgundy?
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Single varietal wines
Reds get pigeage, aging in new and old oak, battonage, wild yeasts Chaptalization is regular |
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Vinification techniques for Red Burgundy?
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Matured in barrels for up to 18 months (new oak % varies greatly)
De-stemming, cold soaking, fermentation temp permitted Fining and filtering vary |
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Vinification techniques for White Burgundy?
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Barrel fermented and aged in oak casks for one year
Sur Lie and MLF (sometimes partial) Less battonage for age-worthy wines |
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What is carbonic maceration?
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Fermentation technique where the primary fermentation happens inside the grape. Popular in Beaujolais and results in a fruity wine with low tannins.
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What was the Catholic Church's influence in Burgundy?
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Benedictine monks came in the 900s and took extensive notes on winemaking.
Cistercians arrived in 1100s and created first walled vineyard (Clos de Vougeot 1336) |
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What was the effect of the French Revolution on Burgundy winemaking?
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Vineyards were confiscated from the church and sold off.
Napoleonic Law of Succession Negociants rise in power |
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What percentage of Grand and 1er Crus are Domaine?
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Grand 90%
1er 75% |
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What is the AOC pyramid for Burgundy, including percentages?
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Grand Cru 2% (Vineyard only)
1er Cru 12% Village 30% (Village name only) Regional Appellations 56% |
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What is a Grand Cru Burgundy?
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Single vineyard with recognizable characteristics
Top quality site |
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What is a 1er Cru Burgundy?
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Single vineyard within a village
Recognizable character and consistent high quality |
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Overview of Chablis
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AOC for Chardonnay only
Kimmeridgian clay/limestone (younger, better soil for Chardonnay) Portlandian Limestone/Sandstone Hot summer, long winter Late spring frosts, hailstorms All Grand Cru sites have SW exposure |
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Where are the vineyards located in Chablis?
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On south facing slopes
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What is Chablisienne?
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A large co-operative that produces some excellent Grand Cru to Petit Chablis
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What are the Chablis AOCs?
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Chablis Grand Cru (min. 11% abv)
Chablis 1er Cru (min. 10.5% abv) Chablis (min. 10% abv) Petit Chablis (min. 9.5% abv) |
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What is the wine style of Chablis?
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High acid
Lemon/grapefruit, Green apple Intense minerality (Chalky) Traditionally unoaked Some use new or neutral oak |
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Overview of the Grand Auxerrois
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A group of vineyards locate close to Chablis
Produce red, rose and white Oxfordian limestone Hot summer, long winter Late spring frosts, hailstorms |
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The main appellations of the Grand Auxerrois
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Irancy AOC (Pinot Noir & César)
St Bris AOC (Sauvignon) Bourgogne Côtes d'Auxerre (red, rose and white) |
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What is the wine style of Irancy AOC?
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A red wine made from Pinot Noir
It may blend with César (up to 10%) highly coloured, red-fruit aromas and rich tannins |
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What is Sauvignon de Saint-Bris?
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made by 100% Sauvignon
Became AOC in 2003 |
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What is the Cote d'Or?
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Highest quality area for Burgundy
2 regions, Cotes de Nuits and Cotes de Beaune All red Grand Crus are in Nuits (except Corton in Beaune) All white Grand Crus are in Beaune (except Musigny Blanc in Nuits) Less than 25% of Burgundy's acreage |
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What are the soils in the Cote d'Or?
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Limestone dominated soils
Marl dominated soils |
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Where are the vineyards located in the Cote d'Or?
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On east facing slopes
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Geographical boundaries for the Cote d'Nuits?
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Dijon in the north to Corgoloin in the south
20km long and 200-300m wide |
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AOCs of Cote d'Nuits?
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(North to South)
Marsannay Fixin Gevrey-Chambertin (8 GC) Morey-St-Denis (5 GC) Chambolle-Musigny (2 GC) Flagey-Echezaux (2 GC) Vougeot (1 GC) Vosne-Romanee (6 GC) Nuits St. Georges (1er Cru only) Hautes Cotes de Nuits Cote de Nuits Villages |
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Grand Crus of Gevrey-Chambertin?
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Chambertin
Chambertin-Clos de Beze Charmes-Chambertin Mazoyeres Chambertin Chapelle-Chambertin Griotte-Chambertin Latricieres-Chambertin Mazis-Chambertin Ruchottes-Chambertin |
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Grand Crus of Morey-St-Denis?
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Clos St-Denis
Clos de la Roche Clos de Tart (monopole of Mommessin) Bonnes Mares (div between Morey-St-Denis and Chambolle-Musigny) |
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Grand Crus of Chambolle-Musigny?
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Bonnes Mares
Musigny |
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Grand Crus of Flagey-Echezaux?
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Echezaux
Grands-Echezaux |
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Grand Crus of Vougeot?
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Clos de Vougeot
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Grand Crus of Vosne-Romanee?
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La Tache (monopole of DRC)
Romanee-Conti (monopole of DRC) La Romanee (monopole of Liger-Belair) La Grande Rue (monopole of Francois Lamarche) Richebourg Romanee-St-Vivant |
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How much of Burgundy's production is in the Cotes de Nuits?
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2.5%
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What is the only white Grand Cru in the Cote d'Nuits?
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Musigny Grand Cru (from Comte Georges de Vogue)
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What 1er cru often outperforms second-tier grand crus in the Cote d'Nuits?
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Clos St-Jacques
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Describe the typical wines of Gevrey?
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Masculine, brooding and well structured.
Lots of concentration and weight with black fruits and deeper color than Vosne-Romanee and Chambolle-Musigny. |
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Describe the typical wines of Chambolle-Musigny?
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Silky charm, elegance over power, delicate but with intensity
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What are the issues with Clos de Vougeot?
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Large size and number of growers
Soil and slope change significantly Unofficially divided into smaller climats |
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Describe the wines of Nuits-St-Georges?
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Sturdy, long lived
Hard and angular in youth North near Vosne-Romanee - softer and fruiter South near Premeaux - fuller and richer |
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General characteristics of the Cote d'Beaune?
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More red than white, but the white is better known
Twice the area of the Cote d'Nuits Wide range of climates |
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AOCs of Cote d'Beaune?
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(North to South)
Aloxe-Corton (Red GC - Corton, White GC - Corton Charlemagne) Beaune (1er Only) Pommard (1er Only, Red Only) Volnay (1er Only, Red Only) Mersault (1er Only, Fat and Buttery Whites) Puligny-Montrachet (4 GC) Chassagne-Montrachet (3 GC) |
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The hill of Corton contains what three villages?
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Aloxe-Corton
Ladoix-Serrigny Pernand-Vergelesses |
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What are the Grand Crus of the hill of Corton?
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Corton (red)
Corton-Charlemagne (white) Charlemagne (white |
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What are the Grand Crus of Puligny-Montrachet?
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Montrachet (shared bet Puligny and Chassagne)
Batard-Montrachet (shared bet Puligny and Chassagne) Chevalier-Montrachet Bienvenues-Batard-Montrachet |
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What are the Grand Crus of Chassagne-Montrachet?
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Montrachet (shared bet Puligny and Chassagne)
Batard-Montrachet (shared bet Puligny and Chassagne) Criots-Batard-Montrachet |
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Describe the city of Beaune?
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Commercial capital of the region and center of negociant activity.
No grand crus but 42 1er crus. |
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Describe the reds of the Cote d'Beaune?
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Just as long-lived as the reds from the Nuits but often lighter and show less oak influence.
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Describe the reds of Pommard?
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Hard edged and tannnic pinot noirs
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Describe the reds of Volnay?
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Most feminine pinot noirs with fragrance and charm
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Describes the whites of Meursault?
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No grand crus, but well regarded for rich concentration and texture.
Often spend longer in cask |
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What is the significance of Montrachet?
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Worlds most age-worthy Chardonnay
Tend to be balanced and achieves more depth and complexity |
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Describe Hautes-Cote d'Beaune & Hautes-Cote d'Nuits
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Located on the west of Cote d'or
At a greater altitude (300-400m) Produce red, rose and white |
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What is another name for the Cote Chalonnaise?
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Region de Mercurey
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What are the AOC villages of the Cote Chalonnaise?
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(North to South)
Bouzeron Rully Mercurey Givry Montagny |
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Describe the terroir of the Cote Chalonnaise?
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Non-contiguous vineyards occupying a series of scattered slopes
Limestone soils Cooler, windier climate makes for a longer growing season but challenges at harvest |
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What types of wines permitted by Bourgogne Cote Chalonnaise AOC?
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Red
White Rose |
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In the Cote Chalonnaise, which Villages can have reds and which can have whites?
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Bouzeron - White (Aligote)
Rully - Both (mainly white, made into Crémant de Bourgogne) Mercurey - Both (2/3 of Chalonnaise output) Givry - Both (mainly red) Montagny - White |
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What is the only village-level AOc in Burgundy for Aligote? What other significance does it has?
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Bouzeron in the Cote Chalonnaise
Only commune in Cote Chalonnaise that does not allow 1er Cru |
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What are the AOCs of the Maconnais?
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Vire-Clesse
Macon (blanc and rouge) Macon-Superieur Macon-VillagesPouilly-Fuisse Pouilly-Loche Pouilly-Vinzelles St-Veran |
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What wines are permitted in the Beaujolais AOC?
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Red
White Rose |
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Describe the topography of Beaujolais?
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North is hilly with granite (fuller bodied)
South is flatter with more clay |
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What are the 10 crus of Beaujolais?
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(North to South)
St-Amour Julienas Chenas Mouiln-a-Vent Fleurie Chiroubles Morgon Regnie Cote de Brouilly Brouilly |
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Describe the difference between Cru Beaujolais and Beaujolais Nouveau?
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Less carbonic maceration
Some oak aging |
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What is metayage?
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Sharecropping
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What is fermage?
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Leasing arrangements in Burgundy
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