Cs 8

Front 1

List the two major components of system software.

Back 1

>The operating system
>System utilities (utility programs)

Front 2

List the five basic functions of an operating system.

Back 2

>Starts the computer
>Manages applications
>Manages memory
>Handles input and output device messages
>Provides a user interface for communication

Front 3

Explain what happens when you turn on a computer.

Back 3

>Booting—loading the OS into RAM
>>Cold boot: Starting computer when it has not yet been turned on
>>Warm boot: Restarting a computer that is already on

Front 4

List the three major types of user interfaces

Back 4

>Graphical user interface (GUI)
>Menu-driven user interface
Provides text-based menus
Displays available user options
>Command-line user interface
Requires the user to type
commands to instruct the OS
to perform the desired actions

Front 5

List the three categories of operating systems.

Back 5

Stand-alone operating systems—used by single users
Server operating systems—used in client/server network environments
Embedded operating systems—found on ROM chips in portable or dedicated devices

Front 6

List the system utilities that are considered essential.

Back 6

>Backup software
-software—copies data found on the hard disk to a backup device
>Anti Virus software
>Searching for and managing files
>Scanning and Defragmenting Disks
>File compression utilities
- use archives
>Accessibility utilities
>Systems Update
>Trouble Shooting

Front 7

Understand troubleshooting techniques and determine probable solutions to any operating system problems you may encounter.

Back 7

>Keep a boot disk (emergency disk)—to load the operating system for emergencies
>Use the Windows Help and Support utility
>Shut down the system properly.

Front 8

System software

Back 8

Consists of all the programs that enable the computer and its peripheral devices to function smoothly

Front 9

Operation system

Back 9

Set of programs that coordinates:
>Interactions of hardware components to each other
>Interaction between application software and computer hardware

Front 10

Booting System

Back 10

1. Bios is loaded
2. Power-on- self test is completed
3.OS is loaded
4.System configuration
5. Systems Utilities
6. User Identification

Front 11

Step 1 of Booting system

Back 11

1. Bios
instructions provide the computer with descriptions of the internal equipment

Front 12

Step 2 of Booting System

Back 12

2. Power on self test
to confirm that both the computer and its peripheral devices are working properly

Front 13

Step 3 of Booting System

Back 13

3. Operating System
>bios looks for OS and loads the kernel into memory—the central part of the operating system
>loads system configuration information.

Front 14

Step 4 of Booting System

Back 14

4. Configure the System
>Checks the registry[information]
>Checks the configuration for drivers[instructions on devices]
>Checks, loads & install drivers

Front 15

Step 5 of Booting System

Back 15

5. Load System Utilities
power management, speaker volume, anti virus

Front 16

Interface

Back 16

Allows the user to:
>Start application programs
>Manage storage devices
>Safely shut down the computer

Front 17

Types of OS

Back 17

Windows 7, Windows Vista, Mac OS, Unix (Mac OS base), Linux(less likely to get virus)

Front 18

When did Microstoft use corporate environments to support client/server systems

Back 18

2008

Front 19

Embedded operating systems

Back 19

>Designed for specific applications
>Compact and efficient
>Eliminate many unneeded features of OSs
>Used in PDAs, cell phones, kitchen appliances, point-of-sale devices, industrial robots, etc.

Front 20

What are three embedded OS

Back 20

>Window CE
Used in devices such as hand-held PCs, video game players, digital cameras, and industrial products such as barcode readers

>Palm OS
Developed for PDAs—currently used in smartphones such as
Palm Pixi

>Symbian OS
Open industry standard operating system for data-enabled mobile phones with many add-on devices

>Android

>iPhone

Front 21

Types of Backup Software

Back 21

Full backups—include all files and data
Incremental backups—include only those files changed or added since the previous backup
Drive imaging software—creates a mirror image of the entire hard drive

Front 22

Types of Search for managing files

Back 22

File manager—utility software that organizes and manages data
Copy files
Determine how and where files are stored
Delete files
Search utility—enables you to locate files

Front 23

Scanning and defragmenting disks

Back 23

>Disk scanning programs—find and resolve disk file storage problems
-Bad sector—irregularity on the disk’s surface that renders a portion of the disk unable to store data reliably
>Disk cleanup utilities—remove unnecessary files to save space
>Fragmented disk—results from computer creating and erasing files on hard disk
-Causes disk access to slow while system looks in several locations to find all file segments
>Disk defragmentation programs—reorganize stored data in a more efficient manner

Front 24

Buffer

Back 24

>Area that holds data and instructions temporarily
>Makes programs run faster
>RAM memory functions as the buffer

Front 25

Virtual memory

Back 25

—uses portion of hard disk to extend RAM

Front 26

Pages

Back 26

—units of fixed size, contain program instructions and data

Front 27

swap file

Back 27

When RAM is full, copies of pages are temporarily stored in

Front 28

paging

Back 28

Transferring files between RAM and the hard disk
slows computer

Front 29

thrashing

Back 29

Excessive paging