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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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strings
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A data type for representing a sequence of characters.
-get w/ <input()> |
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string functions
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+ = concatenates
*n = concatenates n times name[ : ] = splices from : to len() = gives lenght for i in <name>: = iterates through the string Also for python: any <name.> capitalize, center, count, find, join, ljust, lower, lstrip, replace, rfind, rjust, rstrip, split, title, or upper. str() = converts another data type to a string. splice() = converts to a list and chops out where it cuts (default is spaces). |
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lists
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A data type representing sequential collections. Heterogeneous and mutable.
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list functions
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splice: <name[ ]>
concatenate <+> length: <len()> Add to: <'name'.append('item')> |
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ASCII / Unicode (#s and operations)
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65-90: uppercase alphabet
97-122: lowercase alphabet ord('x') => produces unicode value chr(#) => produces character for that unicode value |
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functions
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A subprogram
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why use functions
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1)To get code to reflect logical components of problem
2)Prevent repetitive code |
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function syntax
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<name('arguments')>
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Ways to pass info out of a subprogram
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1)use <return> in function and assignment statement in calling function
2)modify a list or data in an object |
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files and their operations
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Basically huge character strings.
Need to: 1) open w/ <open('name','r/w')> 2) read w/ <read> (whole file), <readline>(one line up and to \n), <readlines>(rest of lines in file as a list) 3) close w/ <'name'.close()> |
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simple conditions
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just an if statement (code only activated if needed)
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compound conditions
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more than one condition <else> and/or <elif>
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try...except
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Exception handling, try to avoid errors
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sequences
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A list of smaller objects: string, list, or file.
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sentinels
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A variable assigned a value and used in a condition to determine if code should be used.
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Boolean operators and their truth tables
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and --> only T and T is true
or --> only F or F is false not --> F to T or vice versa importance: not > and > or |
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Boolean algebra
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a or (b and c) --> a or b and (a or c)
--distributive for or/and not(a or b) --> (not a) and (not b) --De Morgan's laws = not switches and/or when distributed |
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simulation
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Run a model many times when wet lab isn't feasible.
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monte carlo simulation
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use probability in model.
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random module
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random() => generates a random number in range 0 to 1
randrange(#,#) => random number in b/t specified numbers |
