Crrab 2: Autonomic Rx

Front 1

Parasympathetics (ParaS) do what to the bronchi and via what nerve?

Back 1

Constricts bronchi via the vagus nerve

Front 2

Sympathetics (Symp) do what to the bronchi via what mechanism?

Back 2

Dilate bronchi via Beta 2 receptors and Epi

Front 3

What sympathetic receptor do you find on the adrenal medulla and what does it do?

Back 3

Nicotinic receptor (ACh) --> causes acts as a pore for Na+ to enter-->releases Epi

Front 4

Rx group of Trimethephan

Back 4

Nicotine antagoinst (block release of Epi)

Front 5

Rx group of Hexamethonium

Back 5

Nicotine antagonist (block release of Epi)

Front 6

Highest potency at an alpha-1 receptor

Back 6

Epi=NE > > > > Isoproterenol

Contraction of vascular SM but NOT on bronchioles

Front 7

MOA of alpha-1 receptors

Back 7

Contraction of vascular SM by stimulating phospholipase C and generating IP3 to elevate Ca concentrations

Front 8

Potency of B2 receptor

Back 8

Isoproterenol>Epi>>>NE

Front 9

MOA of B2 receptor in regards to bronchial SM

Back 9

Relax bronchial SM, glycogenolysis by activating adenylyl cyclase

Front 10

The natural stimulus for B2 receptor activation (Bronchodilation) in the lung

Back 10

Epi

Front 11

Where is the nicotinic receptor of ParaS located?

Back 11

Postsynaptic surface of postganglionic nerve

Front 12

Where is the muscarinic receptor of ParaS lcoated?

Back 12

All end organs by activating phospholipase C or supressing adenylyl cyclase activity

Front 13

How do decongestants work?

Back 13

Constricts vasculature (alpha 1); sympathetics

Front 14

Name 2 actions of ParaS in regard to the lungs

Back 14

1. Constrict bronchioles
2. Increases secretions

Front 15

MOA of cholera toxin

Back 15

binds Gsalpha, making Gs more effective and > cAMP

Front 16

MOA of Pertussis toxin

Back 16

binds Gialpha making Gi less efficient and > cAMP

Front 17

Most effective acute bronchospasm therapy

Back 17

Beta 2 agonists

Front 18

Metaproterenol

Back 18

Beta 2 agonist

Front 19

Terbutaline

Back 19

Beta 2 agonist

Front 20

Albuterol

Back 20

Beta 2 agonist

Front 21

Salmeterol

Back 21

Long acting Beta-2 agonist ; used phrophylactically for Asthma or COPD, or for sx at night

Front 22

Formoterol

Back 22

Long acting Beta-2 agonist; used phrophylactically for Asthma or COPD

Front 23

Major SE of Beta 2 agonists?

Back 23

Tachycardia and palpitations (B1) and termor (B2 on skeletal muscle)

Front 24

When is asthma, "well controlled?"

Back 24

If the pt is only using their short acting B2 agonist twice a week or less (excluding use for exercising)

Front 25

MOA of Epi

Back 25

relaxes bronchioles via B2

Front 26

MOA isoproterenol

Back 26

synthetic catecholamine stimulating B receptors (relaxes bronchioles via B2)

Front 27

MOA of Ephedrine

Back 27

releases NE and has direct effects on adrenergic receptors; > BP and relaxing bronchioles

Front 28

MOA of Pseudoephedrine

Back 28

release of endogenous NE from storage vesicles in presynaptic neurons (INDIRECT effects) or relaxing bronchioles

Front 29

Phenylephrine

Back 29

Alpha 1 agonist; constricts vasculature and used as a decongestant

Front 30

Ipratropium

Back 30

Muscarinic receptor antagonist (Inhibits paraS); bronchodilator for COPD

Front 31

Tiotropium

Back 31

Muscarinic receptor antagonist (Inhibits paraS); bronchodilator for COPD

Front 32

What groups of drugs may cause mucosal stuffiness as a SE

Back 32

aplha 1 blockers (does not allow for vasoconstriction when alpha 1 is blocked)
AND
NE-depleting agents

Front 33

Phentolamine, Phenoxybenzamine, PraZOSIN, TeraZOSIN

Back 33

alpha blockers (may cause mucosal stuffiness)

Front 34

Why would you not want to give an asthmatic a Beta blocker?

Back 34

May worsen their asthma by causing > airway resistance

Front 35

GUANethidine, GUANadrel and Reserpine

Back 35

NE-depleting agents

Front 36

What may muscarinic agonists cause as a SE?

Back 36

Bronchoconstriction (Bethanecol) and Methocholine (Used in the asthma challenge)

Front 37

What may anticholinesterases casue as a resp SE?

Back 37

Bronchoconstriction as they potentiate ACh actions on muscarinic receptors

Front 38

Bethanecol, Methocholine

Back 38

Muscarinic agonists (cause bronchoconstriction)

Front 39

"STIGMINEs," Edrophonium, Ecothiophate, Parathion, Malathion, Chrorpyrifos (insecticide), Soman

Back 39

Anticholinesterases (bronchoconstriction)

Front 40

Name 2 sx the ACEi ("prils") cause?

Back 40

cough and angioedema

Front 41

SE of Succinylcholine?

Back 41

causes bronchoconstriction by interacting with pulmonary muscarinic receptors (ACh-like)