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30 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
MOA of Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, Peniciclovir, Famciclovir
Inhibit viral DNA polymerase; Purine analaogs; viral thymidine kinase is required to phosph/activate drugs
What is required in the activation of Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, Peniciclovir, Famciclovir?
Viral Thymidine Kinase to phosph/activate (thus, only activated where the virus is present!)
MOA of Trifluridine and what do you use it for?
Block DNA synthesis (FOR HSV); pyrimidine analog
Tx keratoconjuctivitis
Trifluridine
MOA of Foscarnet
Blocks viral DNA pol, RNA pol, HIV reverse transcriptase; LAST resort as it causes renal failure
What do you use Foscarnet to tx?
HSV (LAST RESORT though!!), CMV, Varicella Zoster
What can you use Acyclovir, Valacyclovir and Famiciclovir to tx?
HSV and Varicella Zoster
MOA of Gancyclovir and Valganciclovir
Inhibit viral DNA polymerase (100x more potenet than Acyclovir, etc.)
What drugs that Inhibit viral DNA polymerase are 100x more potenet than Acyclovir, etc.?
Gancyclovir and Valganciclovir (Tx CMV)
MOA of Cidovofir
After phosph, inhibits viral DNA polymerase (Tx CMV)
MOA of NRTIs (Zidovudine, Didanosine, Lamivudine, Abacavir, Emtricitabine, Tenovofir)
Block viral DNA synthesis; activated by phospho in the cytoplasm except for Tenovofir
Which NRTI does NOT need phospho in the cytoplasm?
Tenovofir
MOA of the NNRTIs? (Nevirapine, Delavirdine, Efavirenz)
Bind directly to HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (are NOT substrates like NRTIs)
MOA of PIs (Indinavir, Saquinavir, Ritonavir, Lopinavir)
Block budding/maturation of viruses by blocking Gag and Gag-Pol gene products from being cleaved
MOA of Enfuvirtide
Fusion Protein Inhibitor; binds to gp41 on virus coat/prevents fusion with cells/prevents entry of virus into cells
MOA of Lamivudine
reverse transcriptase inhibitor; Supresses Hep B (NOT curative)
MOA Interferon Alpha
Generalized up regulation of immune machinery
Suppresses virus penetration into cells, translation, transcription etc.; Suppresses Hep B and can eradicate Hep C
What increases duration of action and reduces dosage in interferon alpha?
Polyethylene glycol conjugation (PEGylated)
MOA of Ribavirin
Inhibits capping of viral mRNA, RNA-dependent polymerase and many RNA/DNA viruses
What would you use Ribavirin to tx?
Hep C, severe RSV (SARS, measels experimentally)
MOA of Oselamavir, Zanamavir?
Prevents cleaage of terminal sialic acid residues on newly formed virus particles (inhibit viral neuraminidase);Active on A and B
MOA of Amantadine and Rimantadine?
Block M2 channel on virus to prevent uncoating (release of RNA); only active against influenza A
Name a drug that prevents absorption into the host
Enfuvirtide (binds to gp41 on virus coat and prevents fusion with host cell)
Name 2 drugs that prevent uncoating of the virus
Amantadine and Rimantadine (Block M2 channels on the virus)
What group of drugs blocks late protein synthesis and processing?
Protease Inhibitors (Indinavir, Saquinavir, Ritonavir, Lopinavir)
What 2 drugs block viral release?
Ostelamivir and Zanamivir (Neuraminidase inhibitors)
Prodrug activated by viral protein kinase phosphotransferase UL97;
Blocks transcription (DNA polymerase)
Gancyclovir
Activated independently of viral enzymes;
Inhibits viral DNA polymerase
Cidovofir
Prevents capping of viral RNA
Ribavirin