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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
MOA of Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, Peniciclovir, Famciclovir
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Inhibit viral DNA polymerase; Purine analaogs; viral thymidine kinase is required to phosph/activate drugs
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What is required in the activation of Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, Peniciclovir, Famciclovir?
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Viral Thymidine Kinase to phosph/activate (thus, only activated where the virus is present!)
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MOA of Trifluridine and what do you use it for?
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Block DNA synthesis (FOR HSV); pyrimidine analog
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Tx keratoconjuctivitis
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Trifluridine
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MOA of Foscarnet
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Blocks viral DNA pol, RNA pol, HIV reverse transcriptase; LAST resort as it causes renal failure
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What do you use Foscarnet to tx?
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HSV (LAST RESORT though!!), CMV, Varicella Zoster
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What can you use Acyclovir, Valacyclovir and Famiciclovir to tx?
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HSV and Varicella Zoster
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MOA of Gancyclovir and Valganciclovir
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Inhibit viral DNA polymerase (100x more potenet than Acyclovir, etc.)
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What drugs that Inhibit viral DNA polymerase are 100x more potenet than Acyclovir, etc.?
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Gancyclovir and Valganciclovir (Tx CMV)
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MOA of Cidovofir
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After phosph, inhibits viral DNA polymerase (Tx CMV)
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MOA of NRTIs (Zidovudine, Didanosine, Lamivudine, Abacavir, Emtricitabine, Tenovofir)
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Block viral DNA synthesis; activated by phospho in the cytoplasm except for Tenovofir
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Which NRTI does NOT need phospho in the cytoplasm?
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Tenovofir
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MOA of the NNRTIs? (Nevirapine, Delavirdine, Efavirenz)
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Bind directly to HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (are NOT substrates like NRTIs)
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MOA of PIs (Indinavir, Saquinavir, Ritonavir, Lopinavir)
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Block budding/maturation of viruses by blocking Gag and Gag-Pol gene products from being cleaved
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MOA of Enfuvirtide
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Fusion Protein Inhibitor; binds to gp41 on virus coat/prevents fusion with cells/prevents entry of virus into cells
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MOA of Lamivudine
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reverse transcriptase inhibitor; Supresses Hep B (NOT curative)
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MOA Interferon Alpha
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Generalized up regulation of immune machinery
Suppresses virus penetration into cells, translation, transcription etc.; Suppresses Hep B and can eradicate Hep C |
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What increases duration of action and reduces dosage in interferon alpha?
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Polyethylene glycol conjugation (PEGylated)
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MOA of Ribavirin
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Inhibits capping of viral mRNA, RNA-dependent polymerase and many RNA/DNA viruses
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What would you use Ribavirin to tx?
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Hep C, severe RSV (SARS, measels experimentally)
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MOA of Oselamavir, Zanamavir?
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Prevents cleaage of terminal sialic acid residues on newly formed virus particles (inhibit viral neuraminidase);Active on A and B
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MOA of Amantadine and Rimantadine?
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Block M2 channel on virus to prevent uncoating (release of RNA); only active against influenza A
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Name a drug that prevents absorption into the host
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Enfuvirtide (binds to gp41 on virus coat and prevents fusion with host cell)
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Name 2 drugs that prevent uncoating of the virus
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Amantadine and Rimantadine (Block M2 channels on the virus)
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What group of drugs blocks late protein synthesis and processing?
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Protease Inhibitors (Indinavir, Saquinavir, Ritonavir, Lopinavir)
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What 2 drugs block viral release?
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Ostelamivir and Zanamivir (Neuraminidase inhibitors)
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Prodrug activated by viral protein kinase phosphotransferase UL97;
Blocks transcription (DNA polymerase) |
Gancyclovir
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Activated independently of viral enzymes;
Inhibits viral DNA polymerase |
Cidovofir
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Prevents capping of viral RNA
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Ribavirin
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