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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the missions of police?
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1) Enforce and support the laws of the society of which the police are a part.
2) Investigate crimes and apprehend offenders. 3) Investigate crimes. 4) Help ensure domestic peace and tranquility. 5) Provide the community with needed enforcement and relative services. |
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What was the 1st police department?
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NYPD in 1865
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Involved in enforcement through inspection, regulation, and control activities.
-FBI is best known -distributed among 11 government services. -Many other government officers are involved in enforcement of laws through inspection, regulation, and control activities. (attorney general = chief officer, secret service and coast guard = homeland security) ATF is now ATFE!!! |
Federal agencies
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Most were created in the late 19th to early 20th century.
-established to meet specific needs. -Texas Ranger were the 1st, used to be paramilitary. Today, there is a lot of diversity among the different _______ agencies |
State agencies
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Combine criminal investigatins duties and state highway patrol. Assist local departments. operate identification bureaus. Maintain a criminal records repository. Patrol highways. Provide Training for local officers.
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Centralized
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Separate state highway. Patrol from other duties. Other duties performed by adjunct state level law enforcement agencies.
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Decentralized
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include:
-Municipal courts. -Sheriffs dept. - specialized groups, such as Campus police and transit police. (largest in the country is NYPD.) |
Local agencies
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Most famous agency. Developed in 1908 and called the bureau of investigation. I was originally designed to help the feds investigate political and business corruption.
Mission is to protect and defend the U.S. against terrorist and foreign intelligence threats. To uphold and enforce the criminal laws of the U.S. and to provide leadership and criminal justice services to fed, state, municipal, and international agencies and partners. T hey have 56 field offices, and 400 satellite offices. It Also operations: 1) Legal attache offices in other nations, to help coordinate international law enforcement efforts and info sharing. -The national computer crime squad (NCCS) -Combined DNA index system (CODIS) -A criminal justice info service divistion. -full-scale crime library -National academy program. Focus of the ____ changed as result of 9/11... -Counter terrorism divistion. -National threat warning system. -Flying squads. -Joint terrorism task force (JTTF) |
FBI
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In charge of homeland security and presidential guard.
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Secret Service
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"walking beats"
-typical of lower class communities -Is concerned primarily with order maintenance. -sometimes uses informal police intervention to keep the peace. -police were close to communities. -major preoccupation for officers were peacekeeping. -goes back to middle ages "door rattlers" Not mobile, primarily urban, would act in local places, people knew their names. Defined by usage of call box. |
Watchmen style
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-committed to enforcing the strict letter of the law.
-routinely avoids involvement into social issues that do not involve breaking the law. VICARIOUS LIABILITY= sue department or city for negligence, must train officer and have well defined policies would not cut any slack, law is the law and thats that. Created controversy. |
Legalistic style
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-Concerned more with helping rather than strictly enforcing the law.
-makes use of community resources.(agency referral: domestic intervention etc...) -seeks citizen involvement in identifying issues that may need police attention. Carrying slim jims, jumper cables, etc... |
Service style
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Responsible for law enforcement throughout their counties.
-mostly patrol the unincorporated areas that lie between municipality. -jurisdiction is throughout the entire county. -operate county jails. -serve court papers -maintain security in state courtrooms. -most departments have FEWER than 25 full timers. |
Sheriff's dept.
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Involves:
1) Community-based crime prevention. 2) Reorientation of patrol activities to emphasize on non-emergency services. 3) Increased police accountability to the public. 4) Decentralization of command, greater use of civilians at all levels of police decision making.( didn't really work out) cops hate review boards INTERNAL AFFAIRS= POLICE REVIEW BOARD FOR WRONGDOING. |
Community policing
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Became popular in the 60's and 70's.
-Based on idea that police derive their legitimacy from the community they serve. -Recognized the need for the community and the police work together. -Increases efforts to have greater police-citizen interaction. |
Police-community relations (PCR)
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extension of PCR.
-officers are assigned to a neighborhood. -they became more familiar with the people and the issues. -crimes are often solved at a local level. -patrol officers are given considerable authority to process complaints. |
team policing
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In charge with combating crime through the expenditure of huge amounts of money in support of crime prevention and crime reduction programs. spent 8 billion and expired. Established the scientific police management.
-served as examples for other dept's |
LEAA (law enforcement assistance administration.
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amount of visible patrol officers does not affect the crime rate. Didnt reduce fear of patrol.
DIRECTIVE PATROL IS BETTER. |
Kansas city experiment
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raised education for officers.
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LEEP (law enforcement education program)
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The opportunity of law enforcement officers to exercise choice in their daily life
- DETERMINING FACTOR -SERIOUSNESS OF THE OFFENSE -Background of the officer -Characteristics of suspect -Department policy -Community interest -pressure from victims -disagreement with the law -available alternatives (outpatient) -personal practices of the officer. |
Police discretion
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The application of social science techniques to the study of police administration for the purpose of increasing effectiveness, reducing the frequency of citizen complaints, and enhancing the efficient use of available resources. (part of LEAA)
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Scientific police management
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An initiative sponsored by the LEAA, designed to recognize outstanding innovative efforts to combat crime and to provide assistance to crime victims.
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Exemplary projects program
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Some criticize _______, citing problems such as:
- Too abstract of a concept. -Hard to measure society. -Difficult to conceptualize and quantify "citizen success" -Not readily accepted by all police officers or managers. -Difficulty coming to a consensus with regard to whats considered a community problem. (people not quite sure what to contribute |
Critique of Community policing.
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