Critical Thinking-Nursing Process 2

Front 1

Critical thinking presupposes a certain basic level of what?

Back 1

intellectual humility and a commitment to thinking and reasoning, that is to the clear, precise, and accurate assessment of a situation and to acting on the basis of genuine knowledge that comes from the situation and from nursing science

Front 2

Critical thinking requires what?

Back 2

not only cognitive skills but a person's habit to ask questions, to remain well informed, to be honest in facing personal biases, and always be willing to reconsider and think clearly about issues.

Front 3

Critical Thinking Skills Proposed by the American Philosophical Association

Back 3

Interpretation; Analysis; Evaluation; Inference; Explanation; Self-regulation

Front 4

Reflection

Back 4

the process of purposefully thinking back or recalling a situation to discover its purpose or meaning

Front 5

Example of reflection

Back 5

after caring for a client who is recovering from heart surgery, one might reflect on how the client reacted when discussing diet restrictions and exercise guidelines

Front 6

Reflection requires what?

Back 6

adequate knowledge and is necessary for self-evaluation, to review one's successes or opportunities for improvement

Front 7

Engaging in reflection is very ____.

Back 7

individualized

Front 8

To think critically, a nurse must be able to what?

Back 8

use language precisely and clearly

Front 9

It is important to communicate with who?

Back 9

clients, families, and health care professionals.

Front 10

Tips on facilitating Reflection

Back 10

1.Stop and think about what is going on with our client and what your assessment findings mean. 2.Reflect carefully on any critical incidents 3.At the end of each day when you care for a client, take time to reflect. 4.Keep a journal 5.Talk with a close friend who works with you and has observed your clinical work. 6.Keep all of your written care plans or clinical papers 7.Make time for reflection

Front 11

Intuition

Back 11

is the direct understanding of particulars in a situation without conscious deliberation

Front 12

Intuition occurs when?

Back 12

an experienced nurse walks into a client's room, looks at the client's appearance without the benefit of a thorough assessment, and senses that the client is about to deteriorate physically

Front 13

Intuition appears to what?

Back 13

act as a trigger, sparking an analytical process that leads nurses in a conscious search to acquire data that confirms their sense of change in a client's status

Front 14

It is important to remember that the quality of nursing practice depends on what?

Back 14

the nurse's ability to use all types of cognitive and emotional cues associated with a situation to trigger critical thinking and to then select effective nursing interventions.

Front 15

A nurse cannot safely act on ___ alone.

Back 15

intuition

Front 16

A nurse should trust his/her intuition as a red flag that something is not quite right, but should not what?

Back 16

take intuition as an automatic truth

Front 17

Learning is a ___ process

Back 17

lifelong

Front 18

Our intellectual and emotional growth involves what?

Back 18

acquiring new knowledge and refining the ability to think, problem solve, and make judgements.

Front 19

To learn, one must be?

Back 19

flexible and always open to new information

Front 20

Three levels of critical thinking in nursing

Back 20

basic, complex, and commitment

Front 21

At the basic level of critical thinking, the learner does what?

Back 21

trusts that experts have the right answers for every problem

Front 22

For basic critical thinkers, answers to complex problems are what?

Back 22

either right or wrong (e.g., there is too much or insufficient air in the Foley catheter balloon), and one right answer usually exists for each problem

Front 23

When does a person begin to detach from authorities and analyze and examine alternatives more independently?

Back 23

Complex level of critical thinking

Front 24

In complex critical thinking each solution has what?

Back 24

benefits and risks that the nurse weighs before making a final decision

Front 25

At the complex critical thinking level, thinking can become what?

Back 25

more creative and innovative

Front 26

Commitment is what?

Back 26

anticipates the need to make choices without assistance from others and then assumes accountability for them

Front 27

At the commitment level, the nurse does what?

Back 27

chooses an action or belief based on the alternatives available and stands be it

Front 28

Critical thinking competencies are what?

Back 28

the cognitive processes a nurse uses to make judgments

Front 29

What does critical thinking competencies consist of?

Back 29

general critical thinking, specific critical thinking in clinical situations, and specific critical thinking in nursing

Front 30

General critical thinking procsses include what?

Back 30

scientific method, problem solving, and decision making.

Front 31

Specific critical thinking competencies in clinical situations include what?

Back 31

diagnostic reasoning, clinical inference, and clinical decision making

Front 32

Scientific method

Back 32

it is an approach to seeking the truth or verifying that a set of facts agrees with reality

Front 33

Steps of the Scientific Method

Back 33

Identify the problem; Collect data about the problem; Formulate a hypothesis or research question to explain or examine the problem; Test the hypothesis or questions; Evaluate the results of the study to determine if the hypothesis was proved or disproved or to answer the research question

Front 34

When a problem arises, what do we do?

Back 34

we obtain information and then use the information plus what we already know to find a solution

Front 35

Problem solving also involves what?

Back 35

evaluating the solution over time to be sure that it is still effective

Front 36

Decision making is what?

Back 36

is an end point of critical thinking that hopefully leads to problem resolution

Front 37

To make a decision, an individual must what?

Back 37

recognize and define the problem or situation, assess all options, weigh each option against a set of criteria, test possible options, consider the consequences of the decision, and then make a final decision

Front 38

Diagnostic reasoning

Back 38

it is a process of determining a client's health status after the nurse assigns meaning to the behaviors, physical signs, and symptoms presented by the client

Front 39

Inference

Back 39

the process of drawing conclusions from related pieces of evidence

Front 40

Clinical decision-making process requires what?

Back 40

careful reasoning so that the options for the best client outcomes are chosen on the basis of the client's condition and the priority of the problem

Front 41

Decision-making criteria to assist nurses in making appropriate choices:

Back 41

What needs to be achieved?
What needs to be preserved?
What needs to be avoided?

Front 42

The nursing process consists of five steps:

Back 42

assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation

Front 43

What is the purpose of the nursing process?

Back 43

is to diagnose and treat human responses to actual or potential health problems

Front 44

The process provides what?

Back 44

a systemic approach for gathering client data, critically examining and analyzing the data, identifying the client's response to a health problem, determining priorities, establishing goals and expected outcomes of care, taking appropriate action, and then evaluating whether the action is effective

Front 45

What is the characteristic of the nursing process?

Back 45

creativity, or the use of innovation

Front 46

The nursing process is a ___ for care

Back 46

blueprint; it provides a creative, organized structure and framework for the delivery of nursing care, yet it is flexible enough to be used in all settings

Front 47

Five components of critical thinking:

Back 47

knowledge base, experience, competence, attitudes, and standards

Front 48

The specific knowledge base varies how?

Back 48

according to a nurse's educational experience, including basic nursing education, continuing education courses, and additional college degrees

Front 49

A nurse's knowledge base includes what?

Back 49

information and theory from the basic sciences, humanities, behavioral sciences, and nursing

Front 50

Nurse's use their knowledge base how?

Back 50

in different way from other health care disciplines in regard to how they think about client problems

Front 51

Attitudes for critical thinking

Back 51

Confidence; Independence; Fairness; Responsibility; Risk taking; Discipline; Perseverance; Creativity; Curiosity; Integrity; Humility

Front 52

Intellectual Standards

Back 52

Clear; Precise; Specific; Accurate; Relevant; Plausible; Consistent; Logical; Deep; Broad; Complete; Significant; Adequate; Fair

Front 53

Professional Standards

Back 53

Ethical criteria for nursing judgement
Criteria for evaluation
Professional responsiblity

Front 54

Confidence ___ with experience and the maturity to recognize one's strengths and limitations

Back 54

grows

Front 55

___ builds trust between the nurse and client and is often instrumental in achieving client outcomes

Back 55

Confidence

Front 56

Critical thinkers deal with situations in a ____ manner

Back 56

just

Front 57

When taking a risk, the nurse does what?

Back 57

considers all options, analyzes any potential danger to a client, and then acts in a well-reasoned, logical, and thoughtful manner

Front 58

When a person takes a risk in acting or decision making, it often is perceived as what?

Back 58

that a potential loss may be at stake

Front 59

Disciplined thinking ensures what?

Back 59

that decisions are made systematically and in a comprehensive manner

Front 60

Curiosity is what drives a critical thinker to what?

Back 60

ask the question, Why?

Front 61

Critical thinkers admit what?

Back 61

what they don't know and try to acquire the knowledge needed to make proper decisions

Front 62

A client's safety and welfare may be at risk if the nurse is what?

Back 62

unable to admit to his/her inability to deal with a practice problem

Front 63

Critical thinkers maintain what?

Back 63

a sense of self-awareness through conscious awareness of their beliefs, values, feelings, and the multiple perspectives that clients, family members, staff, and peers present in clinical situations