Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Percentage of hemoglobin saturated with arterial blood
|
SaO2
|
|
|
Partial pressure of oxygen dissolved in arterial blood
|
PaO2
|
|
|
Arterial blood acidity or alkalinity
|
pH (Acid or Base)
|
|
|
Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood
|
PaCO2 (Respiratory Parameter)
|
|
|
Concentration of bicarbonate ions in arterial blood
|
HCO3- (Metabolic Parameter)
|
|
|
Normal pH
|
7.35 - 7.45
|
|
|
Normal PaCO2
|
35 - 45
|
|
|
Normal HCO3-
|
22 - 26
|
|
|
Steps to assess ABGs
|
1) Acidic or Basic?
if all normal - STOP 2) Which (PaCO2 or HCO3-) matches pH? If pH normal - is it closer to acidic or basic side? If PaCO2 matches = respiratory If HCO3- matches = metabolic 3) Compensation? Is pH normal? Yes - fully compensated No - then look at non-matching component Normal - no compensation Not normal - partial compensation |
|
|
When are ABG components Acidic or Basic?
|
pH - A 7.35-7.45 B
PaCO2 - B 35-45 A HCO3 - A 22-26 B |
|
|
What does respiratory Acidosis mean?
|
Respiratory depression
|
|
|
What does respiratory Alkalosis mean?
|
Hyperventilation
|
|
|
What does metabolic Acidosis mean?
|
DKA, Lactic Acidosis, Renal Failure, Diarrhea
|
|
|
What does metabolic alkalosis mean?
|
Vomiting, NG suction, diuretics
|
|
|
Causes of respiratory failure
|
Shunt:
area of the lungs is perfused but not ventilated; an obstruction of the distal ends of the airway (pneumonia, atelectasis, tumor, mucous plug) Deadspace: area of the lungs is ventilated but not perfused. The alveoli doesn’t have the adequate blood supply for gas exchange to occur ( MI, PE, cardiogenic shock) Mixed picture |
|
|
Vascular problem where areas of lung are ventilated but not perfused - alveoli does not have adequate blood supply for gas exchange to occur
|
Deadspace - death occurs
|
|
|
Pumonary problem where areas of the lung are perfused but not ventilated - obstruction of distal ends of airway
|
Shunt - desat occurs
|
