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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does the individualistic approach argue? |
That one's criminality is a direct result of one's childhood experiences |
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What theory did Bandura argue for? |
Social learning theory |
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What is social learning theory? |
A theory by Bandura that argues that people are more likely to behave in manners similar to that which they have observed |
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What theory did Skinner argue for? |
Operant conditioning |
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What is operant conditioning? |
Positive reinforcement - the receiving of a reward for an action Negative reinforcement - the appeasement of an action to make it stop Punishment - a negative event that follows as a direct result of an action |
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What was the name of the approach that Freud conceptualised? |
The psychodynamic approach |
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According to Freud, how many parts of the mind are they, what are they called and what are their functions? |
3, the id, the ego and the superego. Id - pleasure complex, handles raw desires and emotions Ego - the reality complex, the cause of socially acceptable behaviour Superego - the morality complex, ordains what is good and what is not |
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What theory did Bowlby argue for? |
Maternal deprivation theory |
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What is Bowlby's maternal deprivation theory? |
That children seperated from their mothers for extended times will be more likely to become criminals |
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What did Blackburn argue? |
That if the superego had not developed properly, criminal behaviour is inevitable as the id is left uncontrolled |
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What are weak, deviant and over-harsh superegos? |
Weak - undeveloped morality via absence of the same-sex parent Deviant - internalisation of an incorrect moral compass and associations of crime of crime of crime Over-harsh - severe punishment leads to a need for punishment and a mental imbalance towards guilt and shame |
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What did Eysenck believe? |
That certain personality types were more likely to commit crime |
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Which personality type did Eysenck deem the most likely to commit crime? |
Neurotic extroverted |
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Which personality type did Eysenck deem the least likely to commit crime? |
Psychotic introverted |
