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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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System Costs?
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cost 2 American taxpayers of maintaining the justice system
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Can crime victims be victimized again by the CJ system?
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Yes, police interogation--innuendos that victim was somehow @ fault.
Property kept 4 long time as evidence sometimesn ever returned. Rape victims feel re-raped sometimes |
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Who fears crime most?
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elderly, minorities, the poor
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Abuse-Crime Phenomenon
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Cycle of violence: ppl who were victims of abuse as children more likely 2 commit crime themselves
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NCVS- when &where do most crimes happen
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Open, public area, school building, commerical establishment. Daytime-early evening. Rape/assualt after 6pm. Small crimes during day
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NCVS- most likely households to be victimized by crime
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large, african american, urban, western. PPl who rent more likely than those who own houses.
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Females vs Males victimization
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Males much more likely to be victimized of violent crime
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Who R females mostly victimized by?
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someone they know or are related to
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Marital status effect on victimization rates
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single, never married males & females at greatest risk. widows & widowers lowest risk
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3 Specific Characteristics that increase potential for victimization
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1. Target vulnerability: physical weakness/psychological distress
2. Target Gratifiability: victims have some quality/skill/possession that offender wants to have or manipulate 3. Target Antagonism: characterisitcs increase risk b/c they arouse anger, jealousy or destructive impulse from offender (ex: gays, drunks) |
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what is siblicide?
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sibiling homicide
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Victim Precipitation Hteory:
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ppl may actuallly initate confrontation withoffender that leads to their injury or death
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Active Precipitation
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victim acts provacatively, use threats/figthing words. or even attacks first
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Passive Precipitation:
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victim exhibits some personal characteristic that unknowingly threatens or encourages the attacker
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Lifestyle theory?
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crime isnt random occurence but a function of victims lifestyle. (victimization risk increase with behaviors like hanging w/young men, living in urban area, going out late @ night)
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Deviant Place Theory?
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greater exposure to dangerous places, more likely ppl will b/come victims of violent crime &come into contact w/ criminal offenders
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3 Key Elements of Routine Activities THeory
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1. Availability of SUITABLE TARGETS: homes continaing nice goods
2. Absence of Capable Guardians: police,neighbors, homeowners 3. Presence of Motivated Offenders (buch of unemployed teens around) |
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Victim Services
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-compensation
-advocates -counseling -public education -violent offender reconcilliation program -victim impact statement |
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Prompted formation of CJ system
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theives
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decision pts in CJ system
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1. initial contact
2. investigation 3. arrest 4. custody: booking lineup & interrogation 5. Complaint/charging 6. Preliminary hearing/grand jury 7. Arraignment: brings person b4 court that will try them 8. bail/detention 9. plea bargaining 10. trial/adjudication 11. Dispostion:(fine, comm service) 12. Postconviction remedies 13. Correctional treatment 14. release 15. post release/after care |
