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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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URC +1
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Handbook for reporting: the same crime will be recorded the same way in different jurisdictions --> makes comparisons across contexts easier
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UCR +2
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Record different types of info about crimes, and about law enforcement agencies
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UCR +3
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Make it possible to chart trends over time & is updated monthly
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UCR -1
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Part I emphasizes street crime & excludes other serious crimes (ex – corporate)
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UCR -2
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Can be used for political purposes to get more resources, to paint a picture of exemplary performance
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UCR -3
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Crimes are not recorded as they are reported
Hierarchical rule: crime is only tabulated in the most serious category |
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self-report +1
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Illuminate the “dark figure of crime” (amt of crime that doesn’t get reported to police)
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self-report +2
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Immediate, not removed like official figures
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self-report +3
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Not subject to the political manipulation that marks some official crime
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self-report -1
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Emphasis on trivial offenses
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self-report -2
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Methodological issues: falsification, exaggeration, sampling errors & memory decay
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self-report -3
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Telescoping
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self-report -4
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Actual surveys differ: some ask about trivial offenses, others do not --> comparison b/w surveys is difficult
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victim surveys +1
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Form a validity check on the UCR
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victim surveys +2
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Collects in-depth info about crimes
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victim surveys -1
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People can tend to under-report or over-report
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victim surveys -2
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Sampling errors
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victim surveys -3
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Doesn’t record criminal activity
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victim surveys -4
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Format can skew the geographical distribution of crime b/c it doesn’t count transients
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victim surveys -5
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Question format can invalidate some responses
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official data: 3 points
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collected by local police dept & fwd to FBI
most of crime is reported to police by citizens collected monthly & each agency reports the index crimes |
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self-reports: 2 points
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collected by indep. researchers
anonymity & confidentiality allows ppl to reveal info about their behavior |
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victim surveys: 3 points
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collected by the Census & DOJ
each year ppl report freq & type of victimization collect info about fear of crime & perceived decline/improvement of neighborhood |
