Criminal Justice Test 3

Front 1

high level appellate courts are also referred to as

Back 1

a. courts of last resort

Front 2

courts that have the authority to review a decision made by a lower court are said to have

Back 2

appellate jurisdiction

Front 3

on appeal when a trial court if general jurisdiction offers a new trial instead of the review of the lower courts decision it is giving a

Back 3

trial de novo

Front 4

a formal written accusation submitted to the court by a grand jury alleging that a specified person has committed a specified offense usually a felony is known as

Back 4

indictment

Front 5

at which stage of the hearing are defendants brought before a judge to possibly be afforded the opportunity for bail

Back 5

first appearance

Front 6

formal written accusation submitted to a court by a prosecutor alleging that a specified person had committed a specified offense is known as a

Back 6

information

Front 7

how many regional courts of appeal are there in the United states

Back 7

12

Front 8

one purpose of _____ is to help ensure the reappearance of the accused at trial

Back 8

bail

Front 9

which of the following refers to the lawful authority of a court to hear or act on a case from its beginning and to pass judgement on the law and the facts ?
A: appellate jurisdiction
B: overlapping jurisdiction
C: original jurisdiction
D: limited jurisdiction

Back 9

C: original jurisdiction

Front 10

how many states have intermediate appellate courts?

Back 10

39

Front 11

approximately _______ of all state-state - level felony defendants are released before trial

Back 11

57%

Front 12

which of the following laws limits the right to bail for certain kinds of offenders?

Back 12

danger law

Front 13

approximately what percentage of states use grand juries as part of the pretrial process?

Back 13

50%

Front 14

which of the following in NOT decided during the preliminary hearing?
A: whether crime was committed
B: whether crime occurred within territorial jurisdiction of the court
C: whether defendant would be allowed to enter a plea
D: whether there are reasonable grounds to believe that the defendant is guilty

Back 14

c; whether defendant is allowed to enter plea

Front 15

what type of plea is most similarly a guilty plea?

Back 15

no-contest

Front 16

when a defendant stands mute at his arraignment he is considered to have entered a

Back 16

not guilty plea

Front 17

what is the primary purpose of preliminary hearing

Back 17

to give defendant the opportunity to challenge the legal basis for detention

Front 18

all of the following are considered professionals in the courtroom work group EXCEPT

Back 18

victim

Front 19

which of the following statements is false regarding the role of the judge in the courtroom work group?

Back 19

the judge is responsible for presenting the states case against the defendants

Front 20

which work group member has the responsibility of demonstrating to a jury that a defendant is guilty beyond a reasonable doubt?

Back 20

prosecutors

Front 21

the role of the defense attorney does not include

Back 21

representing the state

Front 22

the primary purpose of any criminal trial

Back 22

determination of the defendants guilt or innocence

Front 23

who keeps order in the courtroom and announces the judged entry to the courtroom

Back 23

baliff

Front 24

which of the following terms refers to the issues of whether the defendant is actually responsible for the crime of which he or she stands accused

Back 24

factual guilt

Front 25

most widely used system of indigent defense involves

Back 25

public defender programs

Front 26

who is responsible for summoning members of public for jury duty

Back 26

clerk of court

Front 27

all of the following are outsiders to courtroom work group but

Back 27

baliff

Front 28

order of steps in criminal trial

Back 28

trial initiation, jury selection, opening statements,presentation of evidence , closing arguments, the judges charge to the jury, jury deliberations, verdict

Front 29

federal speedy trial act allows for the dismissal of charges when the prosecution does not seek indictment within 30 days of arrest or when a trial does not begin within _____ working days after indictment

Back 29

70

Front 30

which of the following is not a type of juror challenge

Back 30

challenge for knowledge

Front 31

the _____ is a two sided structure under which the American criminal trial court operates that pits the prosecution against the defense

Back 31

adversarial system

Front 32

which of the following notifies witnesses that they are to appear in court to testify

Back 32

subpoena

Front 33

court appointed defense attorneys whose fees are paid at a set rate by local or state government are also called

Back 33

assigned counsel

Front 34

the _____ system relies on full time salaried staff

Back 34

public defender

Front 35

during the trial ____ stage happens before the ____ stage but after the ____ stage

Back 35

opening statement, closing statement jury selection

Front 36

most important from of prosecutorial discretion lies in the power to

Back 36

charge or not to charge a person with an offense

Front 37

which of the following terms describes an attorney who works for a law firm

Back 37

private attorney

Front 38

defendant would be entitled to counsel if she were too poor to afford an attorney in each of the following situations except

Back 38

she were charged with a misdemeanor with a maximum penalty of 100 fine

Front 39

witness provides info about personality family life etx

Back 39

character witness

Front 40

not responsibility of baliff

Back 40

to cross examine witnesses

Front 41

creates records of all that occurs during the trial

Back 41

court reprter

Front 42

responsible for swearing in witnesses

Back 42

clerk

Front 43

jury isolated from public has been

Back 43

sequestered

Front 44

juries in most states are composed of how many members

Back 44

12

Front 45

evidence that requires interpretation

Back 45

circumstantial evidence

Front 46

intentional making of a false statement by sworn witness in judicial proceeding

Back 46

perjury

Front 47

not a goal of contemporary sentencing

Back 47

mitigation

Front 48

is a just deserts perspective thay emphasizes taking revenge on a criminal perpetrator or group of offenders

Back 48

retribution

Front 49

refers to use of imprisonment or other means to reduce the likelihood offender will commit more crime

Back 49

incapacitation

Front 50

closely associated with the phrase an eye for an eye

Back 50

retribution

Front 51

earliest known rationale for punishment

Back 51

retribution

Front 52

_____ deterrence seeks to reduce the likelihood of recidivism

Back 52

specific

Front 53

refers to goal of criminal sentencing that attempts to make victim whole again

Back 53

restoration

Front 54

sentence of 8 -25 yrs under supervisor of the state department of correction is am example of ____ sentencing

Back 54

indeterminate

Front 55

model of criminal punishment in which an offender is given fixed term that may be reduced by good or gain time

Back 55

determinate

Front 56

cooperating with authorities good character and no prior record are examples of

Back 56

mitigating

Front 57

final arbiter if the actual sentence served in a state

Back 57

parole board

Front 58

judge reviews info prior to sentence

Back 58

pre sentence investigation

Front 59

approx what percentage of federal cases are the result of guilty plea

Back 59

90

Front 60

in _____ us supreme court recognized that evolving standards of decency might necessitate a reconsideration of whether the death penalty violated eighth amend

Back 60

Furman v Georgia