Criminal Justice 400: Test 3

Front 1

Awesome Burden

Back 1

Can't restore life
can right a wrong
--personal commitment to solve cases but also in lightning caseload

Front 2

Violent Death as reality

Back 2

-For homicide detectives it is everyday life--it never stops

Front 3

The Stress of Homicide Investigations

Back 3

1.Under time constraints
2.Under criminal justice system constraints
3.Under physical constraints
--fatigue and stress

Front 4

How to deal with stress

Back 4

Short term
--Dark Humor
--Jargon
--desensitize

Long Term
--Organizational climate
--effective supervision

support programs
training

Front 5

The RAND Study

Back 5

How arrests get made:
30% from responding to scene
50% from eye witnesses
20% from investigative work

How investigator spends time:
paper work
attempting to locate and interview witnesses

Police are more focus on clearing case than ensuring prosecution

Front 6

What are the factors that impact homicide clearance

Back 6

staffing and management
investigative procedures
demographics

Front 7

What works in homicide investigations

Back 7

Training of detectives
having trust between public and police
managerial oversight
sophisticated analytical tools (only a bit)

Front 8

The Role of the Media

Back 8

Replaced other institutions in forging attitudes and values
educate on social issues
influence social policy
yet always present very biased information

Front 9

Newsworthiness

Back 9

The criteria in which news producers choose which of all known events are to be presented to the public as news events

--crime represents a large part of news (10%-50%)
---homicide and violent crime are overrepresented because of their newsworthiness

some victims are more newsworthy than others

Front 10

Direct Victim Blame Tactics

Back 10

Negative language used to describe victim
highlight victims lack of response to prior violence
victim's lifestyle

Front 11

Indirect victim blame tactics

Back 11

positive language to describe offender
highlight offenders problems (financial, emotional, mental, physical)
Highlight victims problems (mental or physical)
assuming equal blame in offender and victim

Front 12

Monster Inc.

Back 12

Serial killers are over represented in media and society

--Violent crime gets marketed as a spectacle to be consumed, because violence sells
--the serial killer is constructed as normal just as consumer
~~consumerism implies destroying, exploiting, devouring
--consumerism involves compulsiveness
---consumers collect things, serial killers collect bodies

--mannequins are the corpse of consumerism

Front 13

Attribution theory

Back 13

Decisions are made without complete information
using prior experience
--anything departing from that get harsher penalty

Front 14

Focal concerns theory

Back 14

Blame worthiness and culpability
dangerousness and community protection
individual/organizational practical concerns

Front 15

Behavior in Prison

Back 15

Homicide offenders are no more likely than other offenders to get involved in assault behavior in prison
--regardless of type of homicide
Homicide offenders tend to be older so less violent
the longer sentence the less likely to be violent

Front 16

After prison (time served)

Back 16

mean sentence length is 16 years but average time served is 9 years. the mean maximum sentence length is 21 years

Front 17

Homicide offender recidivism

Back 17

recidviate at lower rate than other offenders because of age when they come out (age=lower crime)

most of their recidivism is due to parole violations

low recidivism due to violent offenses
very low risk

Front 18

Best predictor for general recidivism were:

Back 18

# of prior arrests
age at first and second arrests
age at release
age at admission

Front 19

Best predictors for re offense were:

Back 19

weapon
gender
type of release
prison assigned

Front 20

Aggression

Back 20

Aggression present in all of us
peaks between 2-4 years old
for some it is more acute and persists throughout life
There is inter generational consistency in aggression
aggression goes hand in hand with other problems

Front 21

Principles for aggression prevention

Back 21

*good evaluation
--randomized controlled trials
--replication
--independent evaluation
--experimental studies
*early intervention
--changing violent patterns after they have been established doesnt work as well
--nurses home visitation programs
*Multiple domains intervention
--family
--school
--neighborhood

Front 22

Which policies work?

Back 22

Promoting the health of mother and child
increasing income
Increasing access to services

Front 23

Homicides are indicators of:

Back 23

*social and economic change
--race
--poverty
--social isolation
*alcohol consumption
*distribution of firearms

Front 24

Local Homicide prevention programs

Back 24

Combination of:
--prevention (education)
--intervention (social services)
--suppression (law enforcement)

Collaboration around problem solving
--targeting high risk individuals and groups

Front 25

What works? (preventing homicide)

Back 25

*Directed patrol and "hot spot" policing
*federal prosecution of firearms laws
*enforcing collective responsibility
--pulling levers
--sticks and carrots
*education and treatments
--life skills training
--substance abuse treatment

Front 26

Death Penalty

Back 26

About half the people says it does have an effect and other half says it doesn't
*not may executions so hard to figure out
--Texas accounts for 1/3 of all executions
--there is a short term effect in Texas
only where there are 4 or more executions
1-4 months after
saving about 2.5 lives
Temporal displacement

Front 27

Temporal displacement

Back 27

increase after the decrease

Due to the decrease because of death penalty but then after those 4 months are after, there is a increase in homicides and crime.