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126 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many people are in the correction system?
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seven million
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how many people are incarcerated?
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2.3 million
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When was the colonial period?
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1600's to 1790's
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What was the idea behind the Colonial Period?
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Creating honest citizens. Morally and Religiously. Focused on retribution through pain and torture.
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When was the Arrival of the Penitentiary?
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1790's to 1860's
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When and where was the first penitentiary?
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Late 1790's in Pennsylvania
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What was the New York System?
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Criminals would be in solitary confinement at night but during the day they would work.
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When and where was the first Wisconsin Prison?
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Waupun 1851
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What was a nickname for the New York System?
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Anglican
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What was wrong with Quacer and Anglican ideas?
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Didn't reform inmates at all.
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When was the Reformatory Movement?
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1870's to 1890's
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What was the idea behind the arrival of the penitentiary?
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Working criminals for what they have done
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What is Classification and when was it started?
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It is accepting the fact that different crimes, and personalities should be addressed
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What is indeterminate sentence?
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A range ex. 10-15 years, if your good 10 bad 15 and anywhere inbetween
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When was the Rise of the Progressives?
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1890's to 1930's
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What did progressives think concerning free will and social society?
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They felt that the society is to blame for their crimes not free will. Because of this, if society improves there will be less crime.
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What were the two main strategies the progressives wanted?
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Improve social conditions and rehabilitate individual offenders
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What are the 4 programs progressives had?
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Probation, Indeterminate Sentences, Parole, and Juvenile Courts
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When was the Rise of the Medical Model?
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1930's to 1960's
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What was the idea behind the medical model?
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Diagnose different individuals' problems and help them through education, medicine, and psychological care. (therapy,counseling,group interactions etc.)
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When was the Community Model?
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1960's to 1970's
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What was the idea behind the community model?
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Increase opportunities to become productive citizens in the community (did not work)
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When did the crime control model take place?
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1970's to present
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What was the idea behind the crime control model?
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Shift from rehabilitation to retribution.
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What did Mortinson basically say?
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"Nothing Worked" we need to keep citizens safe, and to do that we need to lock people up which takes a lot of money
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When and how did the prison population change the most in the past 50 years?
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during 1980 and 1995 the prison population increased drastically (235%)
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Where was Angola Prison?
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Lousianna
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Are there private prisons in WI?
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No
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How many state prisons are there in WI
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16
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Whats the difference in probation and parole?
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probation is usually for smaller crimes and before someone goes to prison. Parole is after a prison sentence.
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What are the advantages to Probation and Parole
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Since there are crimes that aren't bad enough to go to jail or prison, this gives people supervision instead of jails
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Whats Probare?
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to test, or prove
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Who started probation and when?
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John Augustus 1841
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Who can be on probation indefinitely?
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Juvenilles
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Who orders probation?
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The judge
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What are some rights that Probation Officers have?
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they do not have the right to arrest but can get a warrant and search or force a drug test
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What 2 roles do P.O's have?
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Officer and social worker
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What is the average caseload for each P.O's
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about 150
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Whats a caseworker in relation to a P.O?
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Basically a Juvenille P.O.
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Probation ends in one of two ways...
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Successful completion (reached end of term) or Revocation (technical violation or new crime usually resulting in more jail time)
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What are intermediate Sanctions?
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Less than incarserations
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How many types of Intermediate Sanctions are there?
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10, Fines, Restitution, Forfeiture, House Arrest,Community Service, Day Reporting Centers, Intensive supervision probation, boot camp, Net-widening
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Which country had that crazy fine set?
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Finland
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Whats forfeiture?
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Anything you got illegaly can be seized
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Difference between Jail and prison?
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Jail is very short term Prison is usually longer than a year and after the trial
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Ruffin v Commonwealth
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Prisons have no rights, they are now slaves to the state
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Cooper v pate
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prisoners do have rights
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4th amendment
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Prisoners don't have this rights (unreasonable search and seizure)
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8th amendment
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Prisoners do have this right (cruel and unusual punishment)
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14th amendment
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They have this right (protection under the law)
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Ruffin v Commonwealth
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Prisons have no rights, they are now slaves to the state
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Prison Reform Litigation Act
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decreases lawsuits brought up by criminals becuase it takes longer and now costs a fee
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Cooper v pate
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prisoners do have rights
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Custodial Model
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Little flexability. Make sure stuff is safe, no escapes (most common)
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4th amendment
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Prisoners don't have this rights (unreasonable search and seizure)
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rehabilitation model
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more programs and training for criminals
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8th amendment
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Prisoners do have this right (cruel and unusual punishment)
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reintegration model
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preparing inmates for release
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14th amendment
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They have this right (protection under the law)
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Amenities
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Gives criminals items ex TV, weightroom, computer access
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Prison Reform Litigation Act
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decreases lawsuits brought up by criminals becuase it takes longer and now costs a fee
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Custodial Model
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Little flexability. Make sure stuff is safe, no escapes (most common)
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Ratio of prisoners to staff
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1-50
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Whats the name of the electric fenced in prison?
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Boscobel WI`
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rehabilitation model
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more programs and training for criminals
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How has the officers roles change in a prison?
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They are more involved with the social aspect and in contact with prisoners
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reintegration model
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preparing inmates for release
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Whats the percent of felons that wont repeat?
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80%
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Amenities
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Gives criminals items ex TV, weightroom, computer access
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Fact
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6% of society do 50% of crime
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Ratio of prisoners to staff
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1-50
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Whats the name of the electric fenced in prison?
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Boscobel WI`
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How has the officers roles change in a prison?
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They are more involved with the social aspect and in contact with prisoners
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Whats the percent of felons that wont repeat?
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80%
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Fact
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6% of society do 50% of crime
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What is the amount of crimes under some sort of drug addiction?
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80%
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Has the amount of prisoners with HIV/AIDS increased or decreased?
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decreased
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Whats 3 strikes policy?
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3 felons and its life in prison
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Long term offenders
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usually not a control problem. They mostly have good behavior
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Odds in going to prison
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Men 1-10 Women 1-50 1-15 will serve some time in prison at some point in their life
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Importation
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Things that happen outside are still involved in prisons ex gangs or racism
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Deprivation
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These things aren't in prisons so this happens ex no women, homosexual acts
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Prisoner Roles- Doing time
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just want to do your time and leave
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Prisoner Roles- Gleaning
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take advantage of every program they can. Education, therapy, etc
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Prisoner Roles- Jailing
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Cuts himself off from the outside world. A leader in jail like Chris Rock or Morgan Freeman
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Prisoner Roles- Disorganized criminal
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no idea whats going on and usually end up a attempted escapes, suicides, and victimization
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Commissary
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Blugold card of prison
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Cigarettes in prison economy
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not a currency anymore
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Classifying Offenders- Probabilistic
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people with these personalities act the same way
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Classifying Offenders- Offense
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violant offenders need more security
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Classifying Offenders- Risk
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some inmates have more risk
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Classifying Offenders- Program
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what programs benefit which prisoners
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Comprehensive Crime Control Act
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Gives prisoners a chance to get credits towards G.E.D., college and even graduate degress
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Badger state industies is...
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built by prisons, its office furnitures and are only at non profit organizations
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Factors that contribute to prison violence
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Not enough staff, architectural design (blind corners) weapons, violent and non violent people in the same area, over crowded, relations between inmates and staff
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Do MN and WI have a parole board?
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No
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3 terms of parole
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Grace, Contract, and Custody
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Origins of Parole
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Initially Captain Alexander Maconochie then Zebulon Brockway at Elmira NY 1876
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Reasons for release with parole- Discretionary release
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you are released by the PO's discretion
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Reasons for release with parole- Mandatory Release
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you have served your time
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Reasons for release with parole- Other conditional release
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Half way houses, community centers
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Reasons for release with parole- Expiration release
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served your time and now your free
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Is WI mostly determinate sentences or indeterminant
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Determinant, truth in sentence
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Huber act was placed by which state and what does it do?
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WI 1913. Once criminals get out they have chances for work and education
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What are residential programs
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reintegration
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Whats revocation
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if you violate your parole
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Reasons for Pardon
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Governor or President, Miscarriage of justice, too harsh, additional punishment.
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when was the puritan period? and what did it accomplish?
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1646-1824. Figured out that when your 15 years old you are an adult according to law. If you are between 7-14 you need more proof to make sure that you had intent.
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When was the Refuge Period?
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1824-1899
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What did the Refuge period do?
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started up orphanages aka juvenile halls that taught kids work and study habits
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When was the Juvenile Court period?
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1899-1960
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What did the Juvenile Courts do?
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(progressives)this created the first seperated juvenile court. It focused on rehabilitation
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what is a childs version of a criminal?
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delinquent
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what is a juveniles version of a sentence
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disposition
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Kent vs US
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assistance to council if juvenile admits guilty
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In Re Gault
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extended Kent, but applied to anyone child with a chance of going to jail
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in re winship
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changed "more likely than not" to proof beyond a reasonable doubt
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Breed vs Jones
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juvenile cannot be charged for the same crime in juvie and adult court
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When was the Crime Control Model?
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1980-Present
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What did the Crime Control period consist of?
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More punishment, increased juveniles into adult courts
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Shall vs Martin
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Juvies can be held in jail before a trial
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What is the age at which you are an adult in WI and MN?
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WI 17 MN 18
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What is the Juvenile "Intake" decide
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Whether or not to get the courts involved
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what are the Big D's of Juvenile Justice?
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Diversion, Decriminalization, Deinstitutionalization, and Due Process
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Juvenile Justice- Diversion
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trying to get jueveinles away from this system unless needed
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Juvenile Justice- Deinstitutionalization
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removing low level offenders in same place as violent ones
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