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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is social process Theory? |
Criminal behavior is learned through interaction with others and
The socialization process is the primary root where this learning occurs |
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What are five types of social process theories? |
Social learning theory Labeling Theory Re-integrative shaming Social control theory Social Development theories |
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What is social learning theory? |
Emphasize on the role of communication and socialization When learning patterns and values of criminal Behavior |
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What are concepts of social learning theory? |
Differential association Neutralization techniques Crime is learned |
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What is differential association? |
Criminality is learned when associating with others who have criminal values |
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What are the first 5 of the 9 principles of differential association? |
Criminality is learned through interaction with others
Principal part of learning occurs within intimate personal groups
Learning includes techniques of committing crime and specific direction of motives and drives,
Which is learned from definitions of the legal codes as favorable and unfavorable |
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What are the last 4 of the 9 principles of differential association? |
Become delinquent b/c of an excess of defs favorable to violating the law
Differential association varies in frequency, duration, priority, and intensity
Crime is learned same way as learning other behaviors
Criminality is the expression of the same general needs and values as non criminal Behavior |
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What are neutralization techniques? |
Learned justifications that criminal offenders use to avoid responsibility for their behavior |
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What are five types of techniques of neutralization? |
Denial of responsibility Denial of injury Denial of the victim Condemning The Condemners An appeal to higher loyalties |
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What is labeling Theory? |
Society's response to known or suspected offenders
Will determine the futures of those labeled as offenders |
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What are concepts of labeling Theory? |
Tagging Primary and secondary deviance Re-integrative shaming |
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What is tagging? |
When an individual is negatively labeled by agencies of Justice |
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What is primary and secondary deviance? |
Pd: deviance to solve immediate problems or meet expectations of their subculture group
Sd: results from official labeling and association with others with similar labels |
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What is labeling? |
Negative response of society to those defined as offenders
Limiting opportunities
The process where a negative or deviant labels imposed |
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What is re-integrative shaming? |
Shaming that is thought you strengthen the moral bond
Between the offender and the community |
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What is stigmatic shaming? |
Shaming thought to destroy the moral Bond between the offender and the community |
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What is social control theory? |
When social constraints on antisocial Behavior are weakened, delinquent Behavior emerges Asks why people actually obey rules instead of break them |
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What are concepts of social control theory? |
Social bonds Containment Theory |
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What is containment Theory? |
The series of both internal and external factors
That contribute to law abiding behaviour |
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What is social Bond? |
The link created through socialization Between individuals and Society |
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What are the four components of the social Bond? |
Attachment: a person's shared interests with others
Commitment: the energy put into activities with others
Involvement: the amount of time spent with others
Belief: a shared system of values and morals |
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What is the Social Development perspective? |
An integrated view of human development
That examines multiple maturation level simultaneously |
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In Social Development Theory, what are the 7 developmental tasks that adolescents confront? |
Establish identity Cultivating symbiotic relationships Define physical attractiveness Investing in a value system Education Being Independent Getting and keeping gainful employment |
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What are policy implications of social process theories? |
Seeks to reduce the stigmatization of offenders Seeks to teach conventional values by providing opportunities for individuals to associate with others who hold those values |
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What are critique of social process theories? |
Disregards biological and psychological contributions to criminality
Fails to explain why some people it negative environment don't become criminals and vice-versa |
