Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Rape |
Unlawful sexual intercourse by force or without legal or factual consent |
|
|
Robbery |
Taking or attempting to take anything of value from another person by force, threat of violence or putting the victim in fear ` |
|
|
Homicide |
Unlawful taking of life by another human |
|
|
Assault |
Unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purpose of injury inflicting sever or aggravated bodily injury |
|
|
Violence Trends |
- Decreasing over some decades - 4.7 murders per 100,000 people - US has highest homicide rate among first world countries |
|
|
First Degree Murder |
Homicide with intention and planning |
|
|
Second Degree Murder |
Impulsive murder |
|
|
Voluntary Manslaughter |
Killing of another person where emotions are clouded |
|
|
Involuntary Manslaughter |
Death is neither deliberate nor premeditated |
|
|
Firearm Statistics |
- 68% of homicides caused by firearms - Most homicides happen after an argument - USA homicide rate by firearms is 5-10x higher - 2-3x more likely to murder w/o firearms |
|
|
Explaining Americas High Homicide Rate |
- Firearm avalibility - Economic Inequality - Frontier culture/ legacy of violence - US household handgun ownership is 30% - Little evidence guns reduce homicide |
|
|
Mass Shootings |
- Public places with 4x more deaths - 78 Public mass shootings since 1983, more than any other country |
|
|
Rape Facts |
- One of the most unreported crimes - 18% of women and 3% of men experience over their lifetime - 20-25% of women over college career encounter rape |
|
|
Reporting Issues- Rape |
- Not wanting others to know - Not thinking the rape was a crime - Having concerns of how they'll be treated |
|
|
Date Rape, Marital Rape |
- One of the most underreported rapes - 8-23% of rapes |
|
|
Motivation for Rape |
Sex, violence, dominance |
|
|
Robbery |
- 30% of all serious violent crimes recorded - Decreasing since early 90's |
|
|
Robber Characteristics |
- Perpetrated by stranger - May involve multiple offenders - Majority young, black males - Street, stores/ restaurant, residences |
|
|
Robbery Victims |
Low income neighborhoods |
|
|
Burglary |
Unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or theft |
|
|
Arson |
Willful or malicious burning or attempting to burn, with or w/o intent to defraud property |
|
|
Larceny- Theft |
- Unlawful taking or attempted taking of property from another person - Most common property crime |
|
|
Motor Vehicle Theft |
Theft or attempted crime theft of a motor vehicle |
|
|
Random |
- NCVS only measures personal so estimates differ - Low clearance rated for most property crimes |
|
|
Most Common Property Crimes |
Burglary, arson, larceny, motor theft |
|
|
Fence |
Way to sell stolen items (i.e, eBay, Amazon, Pawn Shops, ect.) |
|
|
Public Order Offences "Victimless Crimes" |
Prostitution, gambling, drug use, disorderly conduct, cyber crime, porn |
|
|
NYC prostitution study (dank and curtis) |
- 95% youth said they exchanges sex for money because it was a sure way of getting money - 45% were boys - 10% were affiliated with a pimp - 45% got into it through friends - Most sex isn't trafficing but voluntary |
|
|
Blue law |
law prohibitting certain activities |
|
|
law and order perspective |
disturbance to the public |
|
|
morality perspective |
harm to oneself |
|
|
History of drug use |
- 4,000 years ago used opium - Stone age drank alc - south american indians chewed coca leaves since time before incas |
|
|
drug panics |
- MJ in the 40s and 50s - synthetics, heroin now |
|
|
Drug crimes |
- 2/3 of those jailed test positive for illicit drugs - posession and sales - drug induced rage = assault - robbery to feed drug habit |
|
|
Legalization |
- caving vs/ dealing with the problem - medical vs recreational |
|
|
where info is coming from |
- self reporting drug surveys - drug related crimes |
|
|
Americans and drugs |
- 44% of americans used MJ in their lifetime - usually less than 7% of hard drugs in lifetime \ |
|
|
terrorism #1 |
use of violence to influence to influence political, social, or religous attitudes and/or behaviors of others |
|
|
terrorism #2 |
premeditated, politcally motivated violence, designed to spread fear and perpetrated against civilians |
|
|
start data |
- terrorism events have declined substantially since the 1970s - terrorist events that have occured have been much larger in magnitude - 1/3 in USA unsolved |
|
|
types of terrorism |
- International terrorism - 9/11 -domestic terrorism - US political - state terrorism - against domestic or foreign enemies |
|
|
Facts on terrorism |
- Terrorists depend on media - Media is a natural venue for terrorism |
|
|
white collar crime |
a crime committed by a person of respectablility and high social status in the course of his occupation |
|
|
stats on wcc |
980 law violations in 70 largest corporations |
|
|
occupational crime |
crime committed by individuals in the course of their occupation for personal gain |
|
|
coporate organizational crime |
crimes committed by corporations or organizatinons for the benefit off the coperations |
|
|
organized crime |
- Criminal activity committed by groups with some manner of formalized structure - primary goal of money or power |
|
|
alien conspiracy model |
-foreign criminals -ethnic group model -strong family ties related to kinship and ethnicity |
|
|
types of organized crime |
- illegal industries - legitimate industry - political |
|
|
law enforcement methods |
- headhunting - target heads of organized crime families - organized crime control act - ability to provide witness protection |
|
|
types of cybercrime |
-underage pornography -cyber fraud -piracy |
|
|
Piracy |
minimal skill with some serious risks - 1/2 americans report pirating - file sharing websites |
|
|
cyberfraud |
phishing and pharming scams, hacking, idenity theft |
|
|
idenity theft |
unlawful use of anothers indenifying information |
|
|
freeze laws |
stops access to credit reports |
|
|
hacking motivations |
fun/ thrill/ rep/ challenge. fraud scams |
|
|
hacking methods |
accessing files/ records |
|
|
law enforcement |
- Punishment was public, corpral or capital |
|
|
william penn |
revised criminal code in pennslyvania to forbid torture and mutilation - ordered new houses of correction |
|
|
walnut street prision 1790 |
one of the first correction facilities |
