Cranial Nerves Head And Neck

Front 1

CN 1 Olfactory- component? found?

Back 1

Sensory only, found in the Nose

Front 2

What are axons of the olfactory cells called? what do they do?

Back 2

fila olfactoria; bundles together and pierce the cribiform plate

Front 3

where do the fila olfactoria synapse

Back 3

synapse in the olfactory bulb

Front 4

where does the sensory info go after synapsing in olfactory bulb?

Back 4

smell is distributed to the primary olfactory cortex

Front 5

what is olfactory adaptation

Back 5

gradual adaptation to smell

Front 6

what is anosmia
what is hyposmia

Back 6

anosmia- total loss of smell
hyposmia- partial loss of smell

Front 7

diminished olfactory acuity may be due to what factors

Back 7

blockage- prevent odor from reaching receptor site (nasal polyps, deviated septum, allergic rhinitis)
chronic infections- respiratory epithelium in nose
destruction of receptor neurons- by noxious chemicals
trauma- diving, boxing, etc
intracranial lesions tumors

Front 8

CN 2 optic nerve; components? found?

Back 8

Sensory, found in retina

Front 9

where does the optic nerve rise from

Back 9

ganglion cells of retina

Front 10

where do the axons pass back to

Back 10

optic chiasm

Front 11

which axons cross, which stay straight

Back 11

nasal half cross in the optic chiasm
temporal half stays straight

Front 12

where does the optic tract go? where is the information processed?

Back 12

lateral geniculate nucleus

Front 13

where is the processedvisual info sent

Back 13

primary visual cortex in the occipital lobe

Front 14

what would happen if there were a lesion on the side of the head just above the ear

Back 14

damage to meyers loop, partial loss of vision

Front 15

CN 3 Oculomoter; components? found?

Back 15

motor, parasympathetic, located in midbrain

Front 16

oculomotor innervates what eye muscles? which way do they look

Back 16

superior rectus- up and out
medial rectus- to the left
inferior rectus- down and out
inferior oblique- up and inside
levator palpebrae superioris- lift eyelids

Front 17

occulomotor parasympathetic does what

Back 17

pupillary sphincter constricts the pupil
ciliary body constricts to relax the lens and accommodate for near vision

Front 18

where do the preganglionic nerves of oculomotor come from

Back 18

nucleus of edinger westphal

Front 19

where do the preganglionic nerves travel? and synapse?

Back 19

travel with CN3 to ciliary ganglion, synapse on postganglionic fibers

Front 20

what is ptosis

Back 20

drooping of the eyelid; unopposedaction of orbicularis occuli

Front 21

what is mydriasis

Back 21

dilated pupil, unnoposed action of sympathetic fibers

Front 22

external strabismus

Back 22

eye directs down and out, unopposed action of lateral rectus and superior oblique

Front 23

LR6SO4

Back 23

lateral rectus (innervated by 6) superior oblique (innervated by 4)

Front 24

CN 4 Trochlear; components? where is it found?

Back 24

motor, midbrain

Front 25

where does the trochlear nerve arise from

Back 25

trochlear nucleus

Front 26

where does the trochlear nerve exit

Back 26

dorsally from the brain

Front 27

what does trochlear innervate

Back 27

only the superior oblique

Front 28

what happens when there are problems with the trochlear nerve

Back 28

very rare, but can have trouble looking down, characteristic head tilt

Front 29

CN 6 Abducens; components? found?

Back 29

motor, midbrain

Front 30

where does the abducens nerve exit

Back 30

ponto medullary sulcus of brain stem

Front 31

what does abducens innervate

Back 31

lateral rectus

Front 32

what would happen if a person ahd a lesion of the abducens nerve

Back 32

causes diplopia (double vision) cant move eye to the side

Front 33

CN 8 Vestibulocochlear; components? found?

Back 33

sensory, found in pons and medulla

Front 34

where does the cochlear portion rise from

Back 34

spiral ganglion in organ of Corti

Front 35

where does the auditory information end up

Back 35

temporal lobe of cortex

Front 36

where does the vestibular portion rise from

Back 36

vestibular ganglion

Front 37

where does the vestibular ganglion receive info from

Back 37

from the utriculus, sacculus, and ampulla of 3 semicircle canals

Front 38

what are 3 functions of the vestibular apparatus

Back 38

1. equilibrium
2. body position to prevent falling
3. stabilize eye during movement

Front 39

problems with vestibulocochlear nerve
benign positional vertigo
vertigo
menieres disease

Back 39

benign positional vertigo- loss of balance if stand up too quickly
vertigo- room seems to spin
menieres disease- cant stay upright

Front 40

CN 10 Vagus; components? found?

Back 40

sensory, motor, and parasympathetic; found in medulla

Front 41

where is the motor component for vagus nerve found

Back 41

nucleus ambiguus

Front 42

what does vagus motor nerve innervate

Back 42

muscles of larynx and pharynx

Front 43

where does the parasympathetic vagus portion rise from, where do they terminate

Back 43

dorsal motor nucleus, terminate in terminal ganglia

Front 44

what do the sensory vagus nerves do? what do they innervate

Back 44

relay pain and temp info to posterior ear lobe and auditory meatus

Front 45

where do the sensory vagus nerves rise from

Back 45

superior jugular ganglion

Front 46

what else do the vagus sensory nerves innervate

where are these sensory nerve risen from

Back 46

detect sensation in mucous membranes in pharynx larynx trachea esophagus toracic and abdominal viscera

inferior (nodose) ganglion

Front 47

lesions of vagus nerve
aphonia
dysphonia
dysphagia

Back 47

aphonia- total loss of voice
dysphonia- impairment of voice
dysphagia- trouble swallowing

Front 48

CN 11 Spinoaccessory; components? found?

Back 48

motor; medulla spinal cord

Front 49

what are the 2 sources of neurons for spinoaccessory, what do they innervate

Back 49

nucleus ambiguus- innervates intrinsic laryngeal muslces
spinal accessory nucleus- innervate sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

Front 50

CN12 hypoglossal; components? found?

Back 50

motor, medulla

Front 51

hypoglossal nerve rises from where

Back 51

hypoglossal nucleus in medulla

Front 52

where does the hypoglossal nerve exit

Back 52

preolivary sulcus between the olive and the pyriamid

Front 53

what does hypoglossal innervate

Back 53

muscles of tongue