Cranial Nerves Functions

Front 1

CN I - Olfactory: Function

Back 1

Special Sensory - smell

Front 2

CN II - Optic: Function

Back 2

Special Sensory - vision

Front 3

CN III - Oculomotor: Function

Back 3

Somatic Motor - eye movement
-Levator palpebrae m.
-Superior rectus m.
-Inferior rectus m.
-Medial rectus m.
-Inferior oblique m.

Front 4

CN IV - Trochlear: Function

Back 4

Somatic Motor - eye movement
-Superior oblique

Front 5

CN V - Trigeminal
Ophthalmic (V1) - Purely Sensory:
Function

Back 5

Somatic Sensory - sensory from skin of forehead, scalp, mucous membranes (nasal)

Front 6

CN V - Trigeminal
Maxillary (V2) - Purely Sensory: Function

Back 6

Somatic Sensory - sensory form skin of upper lip, skin over prominence of cheek, palate, maxillary sinus

Front 7

CN V - Trigeminal
Mandibular (V3) - Sensory: Function

Back 7

Somatic Sensory - sensory from skin of lower jaw, from mucosa on anterior 2/3rds of the tongue

Front 8

CN V - Trigeminal
Mandibular (V3) - Motor: Function

Back 8

Branchial Motor - chewing and swallowing
-Muscles of mastication
-Termporalis m.
-Lateral pterygoid m.
-Medial pterygoid m.
-Masseter m.
-Tensor veli palatini
-Tensor tympani
-Mylohyoid
-Digastric (anterior belly)

Front 9

CN VI - Abducent: Function

Back 9

Somatic Motor - eye movement
-Lateral rectus m.

Front 10

CN VII - Facial - Somatic Sensory: Function

Back 10

Somatic Sensory - sensory from skin behind ear, external acoustic meatus, tympanic membrane (external surface)

Front 11

CN VII - Facial - Special Sensory: Function

Back 11

Special Sensory - taste from anterior 2/3rds of tongue and taste from palate

Front 12

CN VII - Facial - Motor: Function

Back 12

Branchial Motor - facial expression
-Muscles of facial expression
-Platysma m.
-Buccinator m.
-Frontalis m.
-Occipitalis m.
-Orbicularis oculi m.
-Orbicularis oris m.
-Stapedius m.
-Stylohyoid
-Digastric (posterior belly)

Front 13

CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear: Function

Back 13

Special Sensory - hearing and balance

Front 14

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal - Somatic Sensory: Function

Back 14

Somatic Sensory - sensory from mucosa of posterior 1/3rds of tongue, tonsils, soft palate, pharynx, middle ear, auditory tube, and mastoid air cells

Front 15

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal - Visceral Sensory: Function

Back 15

Visceral Sensory - chemoreceptors in carotid body monitor O2 tension, baroreceptors in carotid sinus monitor arterial blood pressure

Front 16

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal - Special Sensory: Function

Back 16

Special Sensory - taste from posterior 1/3rd of tongue

Front 17

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal - Motor: Function

Back 17

Branchial Motor - elevates pharynx in speech and swallowing
-Stylopharyngeus m.

Front 18

CN X - Vagus - Somatic Sensory: Function

Back 18

Somatic Sensory - sensory from pharynx, larynx, external auditory canal, tympanic membrane (external surface), meninges in posterior cranial fossa

Front 19

CN X - Vagus - Visceral Sensory: Function

Back 19

Visceral Sensory - sensory from
-Muscles and mucous membranes in pharynx, larynx, thoracic, and abdominal viscera
-Chemoreceptors in aortic body adjacent to aortic arch
-Stretch receptors in walls of aortic arch

Front 20

CN X - Vagus - Special Sensory: Function

Back 20

Special Sensory - taste from epiglottis

Front 21

CN X - Vagus - Motor: Function

Back 21

Branchial Motor - speech
-Skeletal m. of the soft palate except stylopharyngeus (IX) and tensor veli palatini (V3)
-Pharyngeal constrictor m.'s
-Levator veli palatini m.
-Salpingopharyngeus m.
-Palatopharyngeus m.
-Palatoglossus
-Cricothyroid (external laryngeal n.)
-Muscles of the larynx (recurrent laryngeal n.)

Front 22

CN XI - Accessory: Function

Back 22

Branchial Motor - head and neck movement
-Sternocleidomastoid m.
-Trapezius m.

Front 23

CN XII - Hypoglossal: Function

Back 23

Somatic Motor - swallowing, sucking, chewing, and tongue protrusion
-All intrinsic tongue m.'s
-3 of 4 extrinsic tongue m.'s (palatoglossus - CN X - 1 of 4)