Cranial Nerves

Front 1

What are the somatic motor nuclei? (4)

Back 1

1. Oculumotor III
2. Trochlear IV
3. Abducens VI
4. Hypoglossal XIII

Front 2

How many components does the oculomotor nerve have?

Back 2

1. Somatic motor
2. Visceral motor

Front 3

What does the somatic motor component of III do?

Back 3

Extraocular muscles of eye except:
lateral rectus & superior oblique

Front 4

What does visceral motor component of III do? (2)

Back 4

Preganglionic parasympathetics:
1. Constrict pupil for vision
2. Contract ciliary muscle for near vision

Front 5

Visceral motor nucleus of III?

Back 5

Edinger-Westphal Nucleus

Front 6

Nuclei of III? (2)

Back 6

1. Oculomotor somatic motor nucleus
2. Edinger-Westphal nucleus

Front 7

How many components does trochlear nerve have?

Back 7

1. Somatic motor

Front 8

Somatic motor of IV does?

Back 8

Superior oblique muscle-- slightly rotates eye

Front 9

Fibers of IV originate where?

Back 9

Trochlear nucleus -- at level of inferior colliculus (lower midbrain)

Front 10

2 unique things about trochlear nerve?

Back 10

1. Nerve emerges from dorsal surface of midbrain
2. Fibers cross midline as they go to superior oblique

Front 11

How many components does abducens nerve have?

Back 11

1. Somatic motor

Front 12

Somatic motor component of VI does?

Back 12

Lateral rectus -- rotates eye laterally

Front 13

Abducens nucleus lies where? (2)

Back 13

1. In floor of 4th ventricle (lower pons)
2. Deep to facial colliculus

Front 14

Fibers of abducens innerve lateral rectus on contralateral or ipsilateral side?

Back 14

Ipsilateral

Front 15

What lies just medial to the abducens?

Back 15

Paramedian pontine reticular nucleus PPRF

Front 16

What is the paramedian pontine reticular nucleus (PPRF)?

Back 16

Lateral gaze center for moving both eyes

Front 17

How many components does hypoglossal nerve have?

Back 17

1. Somatic motor

Front 18

What does the somatic motor component of XII do?

Back 18

Intrinsic & most of extrinsic muscles of the tongue

Front 19

Loss of XII nerve results in tongue deviation to which side?

Back 19

Affected side

Front 20

Which are the branchiomeric cranial nerves? (5)

Back 20

1. Trigeminal V
2. Facial VII
3. Glossopharyngeal IX
4. Vagus X
5. Spinal Accesory XI

Front 21

How many components does the trigeminal nerve have?

Back 21

1. Branchial motor
2. Somatic sensory

Front 22

What does branchial motor component of V do?

Back 22

1. Muscles of mastication
2. Eardrum tension

Front 23

What is the nucleus of the branchial motor component of V?

Back 23

Trigeminal motor nucleus

Front 24

Where is the trigeminal motor nucleus located?

Back 24

Medial to Chief Sensory Nucleus

Front 25

3 sensory nuclei of the somatic sensory component of V?

Back 25

1. Mesencephalic
2. Chief sensory
3. Spinal trigeminal

Front 26

Mesencephalic nucleus receives?

Back 26

Proprioception-- position of jaw & teeth

Front 27

What is unique about the mesencephalic nucleus?

Back 27

Site of the 1st order neuron in the proprioception pathway

Front 28

What happens to 2nd order neuron of mesencephalic nucleus?

Back 28

Crosses midline & ascends to VPM of thalamus via trigemino-thalamic tract

Front 29

Chief sensory nucleus receives?

Back 29

1st order neurons from trigeminal ganglion

Front 30

Chief sensory nucelus receives what type of sensation?

Back 30

Touch, pressure & vibration

Front 31

Spinal trigeminal nucleus receives 1st order neurons from?

Back 31

Trigeminal ganglion

Front 32

Spinal trigeminal nucleus mainly concerns what type of sensation?

Back 32

Pain & temperature

Front 33

How many components does facial nerve have?

Back 33

1. Somatic sensory
2. Visceral motor
3. Visceral sensory
4. Branchial motor

Front 34

What does somatic sensory of VII do?

Back 34

General sensation from ear & external auditory canal

Front 35

What does visceral motor component of VII do?

Back 35

Preganglionic parasympathetics:
Lacrimation & salivation

Front 36

What does visceral sensory component of VII do?

Back 36

Taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue

Front 37

What does branchial motor component of VII do?

Back 37

Muscles of facial expression & tension on ear bones

Front 38

How many nuclei does VII have?

Back 38

1. Facial motor (branchial motor) nucleus
2. Superior salivatory & lacrimal nuclei
3. Spinal trigeminal nucleus
4. Nucleus solitarius

Front 39

Fibers of motor nucleus of VII do what?

Back 39

Innervate muscles of facial expression & stapedius (all derived from 2nd arch)
Wrap around abducens nucleus

Front 40

Superior salivatory & lacrimal nuclei fibers do what?

Back 40

Preganglionic parasympathetics to submandibular, sublingual & lacrimal glands

Front 41

Trigeminal spinal nucleus does what?

Back 41

Receives sensory fibers from external ear

Front 42

What is the corneal blink reflex?

Back 42

If either cornea touched w/ soft object --> both eyes automatically blink

Front 43

Corneal blink reflex checks function of which nerves?

Back 43

V & VII
V-1 caries touch --> spinal trigeminal tract & nucleus --> reticular formation --> facial motor nucleus --> VII caries motor to obicularis oris to blink

Front 44

Where will paralysis occur in an upper motor neuron lesion of the corticobulbar tract?

Back 44

Lower face of opposite side

Front 45

Where will paralysis occur in a lower motor neuron lesion of the corticobulbar tract?

Back 45

Upper & lower face on same side

Front 46

Why does paralysis not occur in upper face in upper motor neuron lesion?

Back 46

Upper face is supplied bilaterally-- opposite side fibers still intact

Front 47

How many components does the glossopharyngeal nerve have?

Back 47

1. Somatic sensory
2. Visceral sensory
3. Visceral sensory
4. Branchial motor
5. Visceral motor

Front 48

What does somatic sensory component of IX do?

Back 48

General sensation of external ear (some from pharynx & posterior tongue)

Front 49

What do the 2 visceral sensory components of IX do?

Back 49

1. Carotid sinus & body
2. Taste from posterior 1/3 tongue

Front 50

What does branchial motor component of IX do?

Back 50

Swallowing-- stylopharyngeus

Front 51

What does visceral motor component of IX do?

Back 51

Salivation via parotid gland

Front 52

Branchial motor nucleus of IX?

Back 52

Nucleus ambiguus

Front 53

Visceral motor nucleus of IX?

Back 53

Salivatory nucleus

Front 54

Visceral sensory nucleus of IX?

Back 54

Solitary nucleus

Front 55

Somatic sensory nucleus of IX?

Back 55

Spinal trigeminal nucleus

Front 56

Gag reflex is used to test function of which nerves?

Back 56

IX & X

Front 57

How does gag reflex test nerve viability?

Back 57

Visceral sensory fibers in wall of pharynx & posterior oral cavity connect w/ motor fibers of X to pharynx

Front 58

How many components does the Vagus nerve have?

Back 58

1. Somatic sensory
2. Visceral sensory
3. Visceral sensory
4. Branchial motor
5. Visceral motor

Front 59

What does the somatic sensory component of X do?

Back 59

General sensation from external ear

Front 60

What do the 2 visceral sensory components of X do? (4)

Back 60

1. Visceral sensory
-Respiratory system (larynx, pharynx & lungs)
-Vascular system (carotid sinus & body)
-GI tract
-Dura mater
2. Visceral sensory (only children)
-Taste from epiglottis

Front 61

What does branchial motor component of X do? (2)

Back 61

1. Muscles of pharynx
2. Intrinsic muscles of larynx

Front 62

What does visceral motor component of X do? (3)

Back 62

Parasympathetic to:
1. Cardiovascular
2. Respiratory
3. GI systems of thorax & abdomen

Front 63

Ganglion for somatic sensory component of X?

Back 63

Superior ganglion of X in jugular foramen

Front 64

Ganglion for visceral sensory component of X?

Back 64

Inferior ganglion of X in jugular foramen

Front 65

Nucleus of visceral motor component of X?

Back 65

Dorsal motor nucleus of X

Front 66

Nucleus of branchial motor component of X?

Back 66

Nucleus ambiguus

Front 67

Nucleus of somatic sensory component of X?

Back 67

Spinal trigeminal nucleus

Front 68

Nucleus of visceral sensory component of X?

Back 68

Solitary nucleus

Front 69

How many components does the Accessory nerve have?

Back 69

1. Branchial motor

Front 70

What does the branchial motor component of XI do?

Back 70

1. Laryngeal control (cranial portion)
2. Movement of shoulder & head (spinal)

Front 71

Cranial root fibers of XI originate from which nucleus?

Back 71

Nucleus ambiguus --> larynx

Front 72

Cranial root fibers of XI travel w/ branches of which nerve?

Back 72

Vagus (X)

Front 73

Spinal portion of XI innervate which 2 muscles?

Back 73

1. Trapezius
2. Sternocleidomastoid

Front 74

Where do spinal portion of XI fibers originate?

Back 74

Accessory nucleus in ventral horn-- C1-C5

Front 75

Ganglion of somatic sensory of IX?

Back 75

Superior ganglion of IX

Front 76

Ganglion of visceral sensory of IX?

Back 76

Inferior ganglion of IX