Cpd - Respiratory

Front 1

Peripheral signs of respiratory dysfunction

Oral cavity

Halitosis [bad odor]:

Back 1

Poor oral hygiene, Bronchiectasis

Front 2

Peripheral signs of respiratory dysfunction

Oral cavity

Hoarseness of voice

Back 2

Laryngitis

Front 3

Horner’s syndrome

Back 3

Apical lung tumor impinging sympathetic chain

Front 4

Indicated by palpebral conjunctival pallor

Back 4

Anemia

Front 5

Engorgement of veins @ neck

Back 5

pulmonary RHF

Front 6

Supraclavicular lymph nodes

Back 6

metastasis or infection

Front 7

Asterixis

Back 7

Is a tremor of the wrist when the wrist is extended (dorsiflexion), sometimes said to resemble a bird flapping its wings

Front 8

Cachexia: Loss of weight, muscle atrophy, fatigue, weakness and significant loss of appetite in someone who is not actively trying to lose weight

Back 8

emphysema

Front 9

Leg edema

Back 9

Signs of right heart failure

Front 10

Respiratory distress

Back 10

Purse lip breathing, Retraction of intercostals muscles, Contraction of platysma & SCMs during breathing

Front 11

Cyanosis

Peripheral -->

Back 11

Shock

Front 12

Cyanosis

Central -->

Back 12

Arterial hypoxemia, Heart & lungs

Front 13

Anterior inspection

Intercostal recession

Back 13

obstructed airway

Front 14

Anterior inspection

Impaired or lagging respiratory movement

Back 14

disease of the underlying lung or pleura, phrenic nerve palsy

Front 15

Posterior inspection

Intercostal recession

Back 15

obstructed airway

Front 16

Increased tactile fremitus

Back 16

Consolidation

Front 17

Decreased tactile fremitus

Back 17

Pleural effusion

Front 18

Percussion

pleximeter finger

Back 18

If right handed, place the middle finger of the LEFT hand on the surface you are going to percuss

Front 19

Percussion

Plexor finger

Back 19

Tap with Middle finger of right hand

Front 20

Percussion Sounds

Flatness or absence

Back 20

Pleural effusion

Front 21

Percussion Sounds

Dullness

Back 21

Essentially any condition that decreases the amount of air in the lungs [e.g. Pneumonia, Lung collapse, Pleural effusion]

Front 22

Percussion Sounds

Hyperresonance

Back 22

Essentially any condition that increases the amount of air trapped in the lungs [e.g. Emphysema, Pneumothorax Chronic bronchitis

Front 23

Percussion sounds

Tympany

Back 23

Gastric air bubble, Large pneumothorax

Front 24

Diaphragmatic excursion

(1) Percuss chest during expiration starting from the tip of the scapula & working down [mark the level]
(2) Percuss again during deep inspiration starting from the tip of the scapula & working down [mark the level]
(3) The distance between the two points should normally be 4-6cm
(4) Measure on both front & back
(5) The distance will be decreased in...

Back 24

phrenic nerve paralysis & pleural effusions

Front 25

Auscultation

Increased vocal fremitus

Back 25

Consolidation

Front 26

Auscultation

Decreased or absent vocal fremitus

Back 26

Pleural effusion

Front 27

Breadth sound

Continuos

Back 27

Wheezing [high-pitched continuous, musical sounds heard in respiratory diseases.] or Rhonci [low-pitched coarse rattling sound somewhat like snoring, usually caused by secretions in bronchial airways], Musical prolonged

Front 28

Breath sounds

Discontinuous/Intermittent

Back 28

Crackles or Rales

Front 29

Breath sounds

Fine/coarse

Back 29

Pleural rub [Grating sounds during inspiration and expiration], Nonmusical brief

Front 30

Breath sounds

Reduced or absent

Back 30

Essentially any condition that will reduce the amount of air entering & exiting the lung [e.g. Pneumothorax, Pleural effusion, Emphysema, Lung collapse, Chronic bronchitis]

Front 31

Bronchopony

Back 31

the patient's voice remaining loud at the periphery of the lungs or sounding louder than usual over a distinct area of consolidation (such as pneumonia)

Front 32

Whispered pectorliquy:

Ask patient to whisper “99” & listen for low pitched & indistinct sounds. When it is whispered sounds are usually NOT heard. If you hear sounds -->

Back 32

a region consolidation

Front 33

Peripheral signs of respiratory dysfunction

Hands clubbing: Pulmonary causes

Back 33

Lung cancer, Empyma, Cystic fibrosis, Fibrosing alveolitis

Front 34

Peripheral signs of respiratory dysfunction

Hands clubbing: GI causes

Back 34

Inflammatory bowel diseases [Chron’s disease, Ulcerative colitis], Cirrhosis