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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the Number one cause of death in the US, accounting for an estimated how many per year?
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Coronary artery Disease 490,000/year
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What is most common presenting symptom of CAD?
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angina
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What is the Framingham Heart Study and its contribution to our knowledge of cardiovascular diseases?
What are the main significant findings? |
Largest study done on Heart problems
Study started in 1948 Significant Findings: Most significant predictor- 1. Age (strongest) 2. Gender- men higher, 3. Family history, 4. HTN 5. Cigarette smoking 6. Obesity 7. Physical inactivity 8. Diabetes mellitus 9. Low HDL (<35mg/dl) 10. high LDL (>159mg/dl) |
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What should TC/HDL/LDL levels be for...
1. men 2. women 3. LDL/HDL ratio |
1. a. TC< 200mg/dl but if more check HDL, LDL too
b. HDL- >35mg/dl c. depends on history 2. a. same as above b. HDL > 50mg/DL c. same as above 3. <3.5 |
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What is metabolic syndrome?
Also what is gene that shows strong risk factor for CVD? (What OTC drug decreases risk of CVD?) |
(pre-diabetic)
HTN, obesity, impaired glucose intolerance - C-reactive protein- aspirin decreases risk |
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What infectious organisms cause inflammation of endothelium leading to plaque formation and dysfunction?
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CMV, Helicobacter pylori, Chlamydia pnemoniae
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What are main etiological reasons smoking can cause CHD?
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1. accelerates blood clotting
2. increases CO levels in blood which reduces O2 delivery 3. Nicotine causes vasoconstriction |
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What is secondary prevention of CAD?
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Screening after primary prevention raises flags (ekg, aspirin, lipid lowering) CAD
- Certain occupations (pilots, drivers) |
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This type of disease is by the following characteristics...
1. Caused by atherosclerosis of the aorta and lower extremity arteries. May cause intermittent claudication... how would you diagnose? 2. focal dilatation of the aorta at least 150% of the normal aortic diameter (about 2 cm in older men) how would you diagnose? |
1. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD)non-invasive testing e.g. ultrasound duplex
2. AAA abdominal aortic aneurysm- palpation of abdomen during exam and ultrasound diagnose |
