Cp Med Term Chapter 9

Front 1

antibody

Back 1

Protective protein produced by B lymphocytes in response to the presence of a foreign substance called an antigen

Front 2

antigen

Back 2

Substance, recognized as harmful to the host, that stimulates formation of antibodies in an immunocompetent individual

Front 3

Bile pigment

Back 3

Substance derived from the breakdown of hemoglobin and excreted by the liver

Front 4

cytokine

Back 4

Chemical substance produced by certain cells that initiates, inhibits, increases, or decreases activity in other cells

Front 5

immunocompetent

Back 5

Ability to develop an immune response or recognize antigens and respond to them

Front 6

Natural killer (NK) cells

Back 6

Specialized lymphocytes that kill abnormal cells by releasing chemicals that destroy the cell membrane, causing its intercellular fluids to leak out

Front 7

Aden/o

Back 7

gland

Front 8

agglutin/o

Back 8

Clumping, gluing

Front 9

bas/o

Back 9

base (alkaline, opposite of acid)

Front 10

Blast/o

Back 10

Embryonic cell

Front 11

Chrome/o

Back 11

color

Front 12

eosin/o

Back 12

Dawn (rose-colored)

Front 13

erythro/o

Back 13

red

Front 14

Granul/o

Back 14

granule

Front 15

Hem/o

Hemet/o

Back 15

blood

Front 16

Immun/o

Back 16

Immune, immunity, safe

Front 17

Kary/o

Nucle/o

Back 17

nucleus

Front 18

Leuk/o

Back 18

white

Front 19

lymphaden/o

Back 19

Lymph gland (node)

Front 20

Lymph/o

Back 20

lymph

Front 21

lymophangi/o

Back 21

lymph vessel

Front 22

Morph/o

Back 22

Form, shape, structure

Front 23

myel/o

Back 23

Bone marrow; spinal cord

Front 24

Neutron/o

Back 24

Neutral, neither

Front 25

Phag/o

Back 25

Swallowing, eating

Front 26

Plas/o

Back 26

Formation, growth

Front 27

poikil/o

Back 27

Varied, irregular

Front 28

reticul/o

Back 28

Net, mesh

Front 29

ser/o

Back 29

serum

Front 30

sider/o

Back 30

iron

Front 31

Splen/o

Back 31

spleen

Front 32

thromb/o

Back 32

Blood clot

Front 33

Thym/o

Back 33

Thymus gland

Front 34

xen/o

Back 34

Foreign, strange

Front 35

-blast

Back 35

Embryonic cell

Front 36

-emia

Back 36

Blood condition

Front 37

-globin

Back 37

protein

Front 38

-graft

Back 38

transplantation

Front 39

-osis

Back 39

Abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells)

Front 40

-penia

Back 40

Decrease, deficiency

Front 41

-phil

Back 41

attraction for

Front 42

-phoresis

Back 42

Carrying, transmission

Front 43

-phylaxis

Back 43

protection

Front 44

-poiesis

Back 44

Formation, production

Front 45

-stasis

Back 45

Standing still

Front 46

A-

Back 46

Without, not

Front 47

`allo-

Back 47

Other, differing from normal

Front 48

aniso-

Back 48

Unequal, dissimilar

Front 49

Iso-

Back 49

Same, equal

Front 50

Macro-

Back 50

large

Front 51

Micro-

Back 51

small

Front 52

Mono-

Back 52

one

Front 53

Poly-

Back 53

Many, much

Front 54

disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

Back 54

Abnormal activation of the proteins involved in blood coagulation, causing small blood clots to form in vessels and cutting of the supply of oxygen to distal tissues

Front 55

Graft rejection

Back 55

Process in which a recipient's immune system attacks a transplanted organ or tissue

Front 56

Graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD)

Back 56

Complication that occurs following a stem cell or bone marrow transplant in which the transplant produces antibodies against recipient's organs that can be severe enough to cause death

Front 57

hematoma

Back 57

Localized accumulation of blood, usually clotted, in an organ, space, or tissue to a break in or severing of a blood vessel

Front 58

hemoglobinopathy

Back 58

Any disorder caused by abnormalities in the hemoglobin molecule

Front 59

lymphadenopathy

Back 59

Any disease of the lymph nodes

Front 60

lymphedema

Back 60

Swelling, primarily in a single arm or leg, due to an accumulation of lymph within tissues caused by obstruction or disease in the lymph vessels

Front 61

Multiple myeloma

Back 61

Malignant tumor of plasma cells (cells that help the body fight infection by producing antibodies) in the bone marrow

Front 62

sepsis

Back 62

Presence of bacteria or their toxins in the blood; also called septicemia or blood poisoning

Front 63

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Back 63

Widespread autoimmune disease that may affect the skin, brain, kidneys, and joints and causes chronic inflammation; also called discord lupus if symptoms are limited to the skin

Front 64

thrombocythemia

Back 64

overproduction of platelets, leading to thrombosis or bleeding disorders due to platelet malformations

Front 65

thrombocytopenia

Back 65

Abnormal decrease in platelets caused by low production of platelets in the bone marrow or increased destruction of platelets in the blood vessels (intravascular), spleen (extravascular), or liver (extravascular)

Front 66

Von Willebrand disease

Back 66

Bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency of von Willebrand factor, a "sticky" protein that lines blood vessels and reacts with platelets to form a plug that leads to clot formation

Front 67

immunotherapy

Back 67

Any form of treatment that alters, enhances, stimulates or restores the body's natural immune mechanisms to treat disease

Front 68

Allergy injections

Back 68

Injection with creasing strengths of the offending antigen given over a period of months or years to increase tolerance to an antigen responsible for severe allergies

Front 69

Biological immunotherapy

Biological

biologic therapy

biotherapy

Back 69

Use of immune system stimulators to enhance the immune response in the treatment of certain forms of cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and Crohn disease

Front 70

Bone marrow aspiration

Back 70

Removal of a small sample of bone marrow using a thin aspirating needle (usually from the pelvis) for microscopic examination

Front 71

Bone marrow transplant

Back 71

Infusion of healthy bone marrow stem cells after the diseased bone marrow is destroyed by chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy; used to treat leukemia, aplastic anemia, and certain cancers

Front 72

Autonomous bone marrow transplant

Back 72

Infusion of the patient's own bone marrow or stem cells after a course of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy

Front 73

Homologous

Back 73

Infusion of bone marrow or stem cells from a compatible donor after a course of chemotherapy and/or radiation; also called allogenic transplant

Front 74

lymphadenectomy

Back 74

Removal of lymph nodes,e specially in surgical procedures undertaken to remove malignant tissue

Front 75

Sentinel node excision

Back 75

Removal of the first node (sentinel node) that receives drainage from cancer-containing areas and the one most likely to contain malignant cells

Front 76

transfusion

Back 76

Infusion of blood or blood products from one person (donor) to another person (recipient)

Front 77

antinuclear antibody (ANA)

Back 77

Test to identify antibodies that attack the nucleus of the individual's own body cells (auto-antibodies)

Front 78

Blood culture

Back 78

Test to determine the presence of pathogens in the bloodstream

Front 79

Complete blood count (CBC)

Back 79

Series of tests that includes hemoglobin; hematocrit, red and white blood cell counts, platelet count, and differential (diff) count, also called hemogram

Front 80

monospot

Back 80

nonspecific rapid serological test for the presence of the heterophile antibody, which develops several days after infection by Epstein-Barr virus, the virus that causes infectious mononucleosis

Front 81

Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)

Back 81

Test that measures the length of time it takes blood to clot to screen for deficiencies of some clotting factors; also called activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)

Front 82

prothrombin time (PT)

Back 82

Test that measures the time it takes for prothrombin to form a clot; also called pro time

Front 83

Shilling test

Back 83

Test used to diagnose pernicious anemia by determining if the body properly absorbs vitamin B12 through the digestive tract

Front 84

Bone marrow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Back 84

Highly sensitive imaging procedure that detects lesions and changes in bone tissue and bone marrow, especially in multiple myeloma

Front 85

lymphangiograpy

Back 85

Visualization of lymphatic channels and lymph nodes using a contrast medium to determine blockages or other pathologies of the lymph system

Front 86

lymphoscintigraphy

Back 86

Introduction of a radioactive tracer into the lymph channels to determine lymph flow, identify obstructions, and locate the sentinel node