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176 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Over 190 countries involved in the international environmet is described as?
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Many actors
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Nations are __________ and ________ because they are self ruling and geographically separated.
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Sovereign and Unique
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________ __________ exists because a countries political functions are not regulated or ethically patrolled by a regulatory body.
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Decentralized anarchy
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Because the world is _________, what a nation does affects other nations differently.
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Multilateral
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Little strategy shared in the international area would be and example of
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There being no consensus in the United States
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Geographic location and isolationism would be an example the a
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Pre-WWII United States
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The changing international environment is
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The cause of foreign policy controversy
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Containment and the Domino theory would be an example of
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Postwar globalsim in the US
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The Vietnam conflict began spurred
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Fundamental change in US foreign policy
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Security of Sea Lines of Com, The breakup of the USSR, and NATO modifications are all
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factors of regional problems impacting US foreign policy
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Resource dependency, access to oil, and the balance of power
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Factors impacting Third world Foreign Policy
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Competing and cooperating economically, strong offshore capabilities, and reducing resource dependency are all
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Factors impacting US foreign policy in Europe
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_________ is the foreign policy objective used to deal effectively with the breakup of the USSR
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Maintain the balance of power
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______ are all problems impacting US foreign policy in the middle east
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Regional stability, oil and Arab-Isreali conflicts
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In ____ security of sea lines of com. is a problem impacting US foreign policy
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The Third world
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______ is a US foreign policy in the middle east
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Regional stability
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_______ is the greatest problem impacting US foreign relations in Asia
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maintaining security balance without war
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The art and science of coordinating the development and use of those instraments to achieve national security objectives
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Grand Strategy
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A plan of action
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Strategy
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Coorinating the development, deployment, and employment of military forces
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Military Strategy
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The art and science of planning, orchestrating, and directing military campaigns within the theatre of ops. to achieve national security objectives
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Operational strategy
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The art and science of employing forces on the battlefield to achieve national security objectives
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Battlefield strategy
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Adopted during the Civil War, the bugle call signals the end of life
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Taps
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Signals the end of the duty day and links us to our military heritage
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Retreat
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Adopted from the French and British, this is one of our longest bugle calls
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Tatoo
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Recieved the MOH on 1 May 1943, for action over Europe for throwing exploding ammo overboard, manning guns, first aid and single handedly extinguishing a fire on the AC
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Sgt Maynard Smith
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Recieved the MOH on 20 Dec 1943, Radio operator and gunner on AC, volunteered to tossed from AC to lighten the weight, operated radio until the AC was ditched at which time he saved the tail gunner from certain death (Over Germany)
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TSgt Forrest Vosler
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Recieved the MOH (Posthumously) for action on 20 Feb 1944, attempted to fly/land the plane with the aid of the navigator, on the 3rd landing attempt the AC crashed killing all on board (Europe).
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SSgt Archibald Mathies
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Recieved MOH for action over Japan, 12 Apr 1945, as he was launching fosferous bombs, one proved faulty and exploded in the AC, disregarded burning of his hands, carried the burning bomb to Copilots window and tossed it out
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SSgt Henry Erwin
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Recieved the MOH for action on 11 Apr 1966 (Posthumosly), for action in Vietnam. Cared for several injured soldiers, chose to stay and defend the wounded, died during the fight.
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A1C William H. Pitsenbarger
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Recieved the MOH for action on 24 Feb 1969, injured by shrapnel, dove on a flare in the AC, drug himself to the open cargo door, and threw the flare out just as it ignited.
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A1C John L. Levitow
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Who was the first enlisted Amn to recived the MOH?
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Sgt Maynard Smith
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Who was the lowest ranking Amn in history to be awarded the MOH?
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A1C John Levitow
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Recieved the MOH posthumously
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SSgt Archibald Mathies/A1C William Pisenbarger
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Recieved MOH for action over Bremen Germany
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SSgt Forrest L. Vosler
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I am an American fighting for the forces that guard my country and our way of life, I am prepared to give my life in its defense
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Article 1, COC
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I will never surrender of my own free will. If I am in command, I will never surrender the members of my command while they still have the means to resist.
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Article 2, COC
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The only time surrender MAY be considered is
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When evasion by an individual is impossible, and further fighting would lead only to death with no significant enemy loss
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If I am captured I will continue to resist by all means available. I will make every effort to escape and aid others to escape. I will accept neither parole nor special favors from the enemy.
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Article 3, COC
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Prohibits a captor nation from executing a POW for escape attempts
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Geneva Convention
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A POW under the authority of the senior ranking officer, must
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be ready to attempt escape whenever possible
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If I become a prisoner of war, I will keep faith with my fellow prisoners. I will give no information or take part in any action which might be harmful to my comrades. If I am senior, I will take commande. If not I will obey the lawful orders of those appointed over me and will back them up in every way.
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Article 4, COC
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This is a dispicable act and is expressly forbidden!
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Informing on other prisoners
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Should I become a POW, I am required to give the following information IAW Article V
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Name, Rank, Service Number, DOB
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What type of communication may a POW have with his/her captors?
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Communication regarding matters of health, welfare, may write letters home, and fill out a Geneva convention capture card.
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I will never forget that I am an American fighting for freedom, responsible for my actions, and dedicated to the principles which made my country free. I will trust in my God and in the US.
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Article 6, COC
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Who was the first Enlisted pilot. He paved the way for 3,000 enlisted aviators who followed in his footsteps
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Sgt Vernon Burge
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She was the first enlisted army aviatrix, soloing in the 1912 Model-B Wright Biplane, she was also the 5th woman in US to recieve pilots license.
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Ruth Law
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While serving in the Royal Flying Corps, he was the first American to shootdown 5 AC in WWI
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Pvt Frederick Libby
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______, Worlds first black pilot flew with the French Air Corps (Lafayette Escadrille)
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Cpl Eugene Bullard
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_______ founded and served as the first Commander of Muroc Bombing Range (Edwards AFB)
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MSgt Harley "Fogie" Fogleman
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_____ recieved the distinguished flying cross when he became the first human in the US to eject from an AC
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AAF First Sergeant Lawrence Lambert
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SSgt Esther Blake had what significance on the enlisted force?
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She was the first woman in the AF (enlisted on 8 July 1948)
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She was the first female CMSgt
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CMSgt Grace A. Paterson
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He scored the first and only 2 arial kills ever from a B-52 tail gun during Linebacker II, he was awarded the Silver star
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SSgt Samuel Turner
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President Truman signed Executive order 9981 ending segregation in the military in the year of
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1948
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The AFs last black unit was disbanded in _____ making the AF one of the most fully integrated institutions in US society.
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June 1952
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In 1969 the AF introduced this program to continue its strong support of integration.
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AF Social Actions
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The AF introduced the Defense Race Relations Institute in
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1971
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The first NCOA on record opened its doors in Wiesbaden GE in _____
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1950
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The Wiesbaden NCOA was ordered establishe by Gen John K. Cannon (USAFE/CC) to
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Improve leadership and management skills
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The Wiesbaden NCOA closed in
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1951
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This Command established a more sustained educational effort, and opened its NCOA in West Drayton England
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Nov 1952
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The CMSgt of the AF billet was created in October 1966 and filled by _________ 6 months later in April 1967
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CMSgt Paul Airey
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The AF established the position of Senior Enlisted Advisor in 1970 and in 1998 the title changed to
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Command Chief Master Sergeant
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The AF adopted the WAPS which is a more fair system of promotion within the enlisted ranks in
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1970
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During the 1960s women were limited to what types of careers in the AF
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clerical, admin, personnel, information, and medical
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1n 1972 _______ forced the AF to open many hard to fill technical fields, even those involving flight line work to women
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The equal rights amendment
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the CCAF was founded in
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1972
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in January 1973 the AF created
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SNCOA
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What date did the General Court of the Mass Bay Colony order the organization of the Colony militia company into 3 regiments
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13 Dec 1636
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Who faced British regulars at lexington on 19 Apr 1775 (The shot heard around the world)
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The minutemen - citizen soldiers who answered the nations call to arms in the struggle for independence
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Each of the 13 colonlies had ____ and less formal _____ units as well as regular Federal Continental Troops
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State Troops and Militiamen
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What unit did the Marquis de Lafayett greet during his final visit to New York, July 14 1825
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the 2nd battalion, 11th New York Artillery (The National Guard)
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Who organized the first National Guard aviation unit, 1 November 1915
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Captain Raynal Bolling founded the First Aero Company, New York National Guard (102d ARS today)
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On ______ 10 JN-4 "Jennies" from the 1st Aero Compay complete a historic round-trip flight from NY to NJ
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19 November 1916
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The war department decided not to mobilize the Nat Guard aviation units for WWI in the Spring of
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1917
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Reed Chambers, Eddie Rickenbacker, and David Patterson of the 94th pursuit Sq did what on April 14 1918
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Flew the first combat missions ever ordered from a US commander
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Who was the first ever nat guard Ace by shooting down 5 AC on 22 October 1918
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Lt Reed Chambers
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What was the first postwar aviation unit to recieve federal rocognition
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109th Observation Sq (Jan 17 1921
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Who was the first Nat Guardsman (aviator) to solo across the Atlantic
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Charles Lindbergh (20-21 May 1927)
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What aviation units were the first nat guard units mobilized for WWII 16 September 1940
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105th (TN), 116th (WA), 119th (NJ), 154th (AR)
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Lt Col Addison Baker led the 93rd bombardment Group (H) on a low level attack of a Ploesti Oil refinery
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1 Aug 1943
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in December 1943 the ___ became the first operational photographic recon sq in Northern Europe
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107th Tactical Reconnaissance Sq (Mi) awarded the Presidential Unit Citation
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February 9, 1946 the Nat Guard announced
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The post WWII Air Nat Guard plan to the states and territories
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What was the first aviation unit to ve bederally recognized in the post war guard
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120th Fighter Squadron (CO) Jun 30 1946
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The ANG became a separate reserve component of the US Air Force
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18 Sep 1947
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Mobilization of ANG units for the Korean war began
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Oct 1950
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During the mobilization of ANG units for Korean War, what was identified
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Problems with guard training, equipment, and organizational structure
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Who flew the first ANG combat missions over Korea
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136 FBW (TX)
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Who colaborated to score the first ANG jet kill by shooting down a mig15 on 26 Jun 1951 while escorting 4 B-29s
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Lt Arthur Oligher and Capt Harry Underwood of the 182d FWB (TX ANG)
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How many Guardsmen won the title of ACE during Korea
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4 (Capts Rober Love, Clifford Jolley, Robinson Risner, Maj James Hagerstrom)
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Who was the first female to enter service in the ANG in October 1956
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Nurse Captain Norma Erb (Retired at the grade of Lt Col 1967)
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When did AF MAJCOMS assume responsibility of inspecting and supervising the training of ANG units assigned to them
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1 Jul 1960
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How many reservists and Guradsman did Pres Kennedy order to active duty to respond to the Berlin Crisis on 30 Aug 1961
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148000
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What was Operation Stairstep
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A mass deployment to Europe after the Berlin Crisis mobilization
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How many squadrons/AC arrived without incident for Stairstep
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8 Sq/216 ACs
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Who was the first head of the ANG bureau 31 Aug 63
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Maj Gen Winston P. "Wimpy" Wilson
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When did the ANG conduct its first non-stop trans atlantic deployoment of TAC AC for training?
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8-22 Aug 64 "Operation Ready Go"
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Who provided inflight refuel for Ready Go
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126 ARW (IL ANG)
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What operation consisted of ANG volunteers providing inflight refuleing for European based recon and fighters
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Operation Creek Party May 1967 (Would continue for 10 years)
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April 11 1968, the DOD ordered 22000 additional reservists/guardsmen activated for the ____ in Vietnam
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Tet Offensive
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120th TFS (CO ANG) arrive and begin flying operational missions from Phan Rang AB Vietnam on
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3 May 1968
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The 160th ARG (OH ANG) recieved the first KC135 in ANG inventory in
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April 1975
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This unit was the first ANG unit to go on Cat A SAC alert on 1 July 1976
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160th ARG (OH ANG)
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Who was the first female ANG pilot
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Lt Marilyn Koon, 161 ARG (AZ ANG) Jan 1978
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Lt Ann Taylor of the 160th ARG (OH ANG) became the first ANG female navigator
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24 Apr 1979
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What AC was the 169 TFG (SC ANG) the first ARC unit to fly in July 1983
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F-16
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ANG conduct operations during OP Just Cause in Panama in
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Dec 1989
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The first ANG volunteers to arrive in the Persian gulf in Aug 1990
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Mississippi ANG
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When did Pres Bush order ANG members mobilized for Op Desert Shield
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22 Aug 1990
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In April 1993, this ANG unit was the first to conduct a Joint search and rescue with a Russian unit
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210th ARS (AK ANG)
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When did the Kansas ANG recieve the B-1 Bombers, making them the first ANG unit to have this AC
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1 July 1994
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How many ANG were activated during Kosovo in December 1999
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Approximately 3300
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When did the Illinois ANG begin support for Operation Noble Eagle
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March 2003 (Peoria Air Wing)
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The ANGs state role is to
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Provide trained and equipped units to protect life and property and to preserve pease, order and public safety as directed by the Governor
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An example of protecting life and property and civil defense for the ANG would be
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Fire fighting and regional emergencies
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Youth assistance and education, and counter drug operations are both examples of the ANG mission of
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Preserving peace, order and public safety
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The ANG support the federal missiong based on the AF doctrin, some examples are
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Air and Space superiority, information superiority, global attack, precision engagement, rapid global mobility, and agile combat support
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Air and space superiority
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counter air, space and spacelift
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Information superiority
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Intell/surveillance/recon (ISR), command and control (C2), nav and positioning, counterinformation, weather
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Global attack
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strategic attack
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precision engagement
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Counterland, sea, special ops/combat search and rescue (CSAR)
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Rapid global mobility
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airlift, refueling
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agile combat support
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all enlisted provide acs
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Provided a permanent cadre of civilian technicians ready for instant mobilization
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Air Reserve Technician program
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The militia Acto of 1792
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Automatically enlisted all able-bodied men between 18-45 into hometown armed service
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Established ready, standby, and retired reservist categories
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The Armed Forces Reserve act
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The capabilities of the ARC consist of
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Air Refueling, Aeromed evac, Air Trans, AC maint, Airlift, CE, global fighter support, medical, MSS, SF
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Name the ARC special missions
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Air Fire fighting, air spraying, Search/rescue, Spacecom, SPECOPS, weather
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What are the two types of ARC CE Units
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RED HORSE/Prime BEEF
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Whos inherent responsibility is it to understand the AF Nuclear Enterprise and its role in the Security of the US and its allies
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Every Airman
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the first nuclear device was detonated when and where
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16 July 1945 near Alamagordo NM
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Who dropped "Little Boy" on Hiroshima Japan 6 Aug 1945
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The Army Air Corps from the B-29 "Anola Gay"
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What city was "Fat Man" dropped on effectively ending WWII
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Nagasaki Japan 9 Aug 1945
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Define the Cold War Period
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A period of rivalry and suspicion between the Communist East and the Capitalist West
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What was an early test of the newly formed USAF
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The Berlin Airlift
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What was the only way of transport between the West and East
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Air corridors which were protected by treaty
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When was the Cuban missile crisis
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1962
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How many days did the strategic chess match between the US an USSR (Cuban Missile Crisis) last
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13 days
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How did the US force the removal of mid range ICBMs from Cuba
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Naval Blockades
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Who called for the removal of the Berlin Wall
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Ronald Regan made this famous call just outside a checkpoint protected by bullet proof glass
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What did President Regan demand
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"Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!"
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Who was the one command to control the nuclear force
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SAC, created in 1946
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Who controlled the majority of the nuculear force from 1946-1992
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SAC
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In the Cold War erra, SAC was known for what
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strict rules and unrelenting accountability and reliability
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SACs motto was
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Peace is our profession
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The cold war ended in
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1994 without the firing of a single shot
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What is the Peace dividend
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beleif that the treat of nuclear war decreased
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After the cold war, the focus on the nuclear enterprise
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decreased
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From 1990-2007, nuclear deterence dollars were cut by
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65%
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SAC and TAC combined to become
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ACC
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Since the end of the cold war the nuclear mission has continued to be
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deemphasized
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When did the soviets end the US nuclear monopoly
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1949
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AFGSC was created in
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2009
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Why was AFGSC created
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Oversight of the nuclear mission, restore faith in ability to safegaurd nuclear assets, execute nuclear weapons with precision
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AFGSC HQ is based at Barksdale LA, and is comprised of the following NAFs
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20th AF, F.E. Warren (ICBMS), 8th AF, Barksdale (Bombers)
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What contributes to deterence and provides stability in a crissis
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ICBMs
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ICBMs are
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Responsive to national leadership, continuously on alert, deployed to 450 locations
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B52 and B2 bombers forces offer
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flexability and versatility, are essential to nuclear deterrence
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the B52 provides
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unique standoff capabilities
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the B2 can
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attacke heavily defended targets
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8th AF is the lead command for what helicopter
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UH-1N Huey
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What are the nucleare mission areas
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Weapon storage areas (WSA), Prime Nuclear Airlift forces (PNAF), Weapons storage and security systems (WS3), Missile launch control facilities and Silos
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What is a heavily secured area inside the perimiter of the base called igloos
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WSA
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The AF has how many above ground and how many below ground WSAs
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6 and 1
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what is the downside of a WSA
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you must transport the nuclear weapon using a large convoy and many SFS personnel
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Any aircrew, flightline, AC or other function that provides peacetime support of logistical airlift for nuclear weapons
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PNAF
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PNAFs consist of
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specially trained C130 and C17 aircrews and support personnel
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WS3s include
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electronic monitoring and controls, storage vaults built into the floor of AC shelters
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WS3 vault storage
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holds upto 4 nuclear weapons directly under the AC, which reduces the need for convoys and eliminateds exposure
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A deep underground reinforced structure that can withstand weapon effect, contains a blast and preasure protected hardened capsule, capable of controlling monitoring and launching 50 missiles
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Inner launch control center
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A cylindrical structure with hemispheric walls and ends 4.5' thick, with a 2 person crew suspended in a shock isolated room
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Outer launch control center
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Missile silos
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underground hardened container protected from air blast effect by a blast door
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Multiple missile fields ensures
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system survivability and complicates enemy ability to take out system
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The components of the nuclear enterprise are
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peopel, organizations, processes, and systems
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