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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Civil Law
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The section of law that regulates matters considered to be private wrongs rather than public wrongs, which is the realm of criminal law.
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Corrections
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A broad term that refers to the network of local, state, and federal governemnt agencies that have responsibility for the pre- and postconventional custody, supervision, and treatment of persons accused or convicted of crimes.
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Crime Control Model
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A model of criminal justice that seeks to guarantee social freedom by emphasizing efficient arrests and convictions of wrongdoers.
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Criminal Justice System
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Refers to a loose association of police, courts, and corrections, agencies whose general goal is the control of crime.
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Criminal Law
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The section of law that regulates matters considered to be publice wrongs rather than private wrongs, which is the realm of civil law. Because a public wrong has occured, criminal law provides the basis from which the field of corrections operates.
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Due Process Model
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A model of criminal justice that seeks to guarantee social freedom by emphasizing individual rights and protecting citizens from innapropriate government invasion in their life.
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Ethnicity
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For purposes of statistical differentiation, ethnicity distinguishes people from each other on the basis of cultural characteristics such as language, religion, or other common cultural variables. In this book ethnic description is most often one of Hispanic versus non-Hispanic. Contrast with race,
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Felonies
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The most serious type of criminal offense. Felonies are punished by fines, community sanctions, a prison sentence, or, where it is authorized, death. Contrast with petty offenses, and misdemeanors.
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Misdemeanors
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A type of criminal offense that is less serious than felonies but more serious than petty offenses. Misdemeanors are typically punishable by a fine and.or up to one year in jail (or up to two years in a few jurisdictions).
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Petty Offenses
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The least serious type of offense. The maximum penalty for a petty offense is typically a finre or short term in jail. Contrast with felonies and misdemeanors.
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Procedural Law
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A law that identifies the process to be followed when the government interacts with citizens at various stages in the criminal justice process.
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Race
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For purposes of statistical differentation, race distinguishes people from each other on the basis of biological or physical characteristics. In this book racil distinctions are most often made with reference to people being white, black, American Indian/A;aska Native, or Asain/Pacific Islander. Contrast with ethnicity.
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Substantive Law
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A law that defines what is criminal and stipulates a punishment.
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