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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Correctional Philosophies: Penology |
The Study of the use of punishments for criminal offences |
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Correctional Philosophies: Penitence |
Feeling or expressing remorse for one's misdeeds or sins |
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Correctional Philosophies: Correction |
The range of community and institutional sanctions, treatment programs, and services for managing criminal offenders |
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Sanctions: Punishment |
Holding a person accountable for committing a crime |
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Sanctions: Deterrence |
A correctional goal focused on the future behavior of the offender and society |
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Sanctions: Incapacitation |
Reducing the offender's ability or capacity to commit future crime |
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Sanctions: Bail |
A pledge of money or property in exchange for a promise to appear in court |
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Sanctions: Bond |
Bail paid by a third, for a fee, in exchange for a promise to appear in court |
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Sanctions: Forfeiture |
Penalty or loss of ownership for the illegal use of property or asset |
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Sanctions: Determining Sentencing |
A flat or straight sentence where a specific term is imposed upon conviction |
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Sanctions: Intermediate Sanctions |
Correctional supervision that falls between the most lenient and most harsh types of puninshment |
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Sanctions: Home Detention |
A sanction in which the offender must not leave their home except during court approved times |
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Shock Incarceration |
Shock incarceration is an alternative to traditional incarceration: characterized by strict discipline and hard work |
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Boot Camp |
Boot camp is stylized after military boot camps: integrates uniforms, physical labor, as well as drug and educational programming |
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Deterrence: Specific |
The sentence and punishment of the individual offender that prevents that individual from committing future crimes |
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Deterrence: General |
The recognition that criminal acts result in punishment and the effects of that recognition on society that prevents future crime |
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Constitutional Rights of Inmates: First Amendment |
Prohibits Congress from abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people to peaceably assemble |
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Constitutional Rights of Inmates: Fourth Amendment |
People should be secure against unreasonable search and seizure |
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Constitutional Rights of Inmates: Medical Care |
Because inmates are reliant on correctional officials, such officials have a duty to provide medical care at the same level one would receive if their were not incarcerated |
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Constitutional Rights of Inmates: Mail |
-Inmates may receive mail that does not constitute a "clear and present danger" -Restriction of mail can't be used to limit legal correspondence |
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Constitutional Rights of Inmates |
be free of cruel and unusual punishment, food, clothing, and shelter, religion, and due process |
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Court Processes: Plea Bargain |
When offender agrees to plead guilty to a lesser charge |
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Court Processes: Presentence Investigation |
A summary of a defendant's criminal and social history used by the court prior to sentencing to help determine the appropriate sanction |
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Court Processes: Release on Recognizance |
Release from jail based solely on the offender's promise to appear |
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Correctional Supervision: Jails |
-Short-term correctional facilities typically run by the County Sheriff -Inmates are usually awaiting trial or have been sentenced to short terms of incarceration -Usually house those convicted of less serious offenses |
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Correctional Supervision: Prisons |
-Long-term correctional facilities typically run by the state, the federal government, and sometimes private companies -Often located in more rural areas -Usually house those convicted of more serious offenses |
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Correctional Supervision: Direct |
Occurs when an officer spends their entire shift inside of a unit with the inmates |
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Correctional Supervision: Indirect |
Characterized by a primary control center that oversees multiple modules within a housing unit and where unit officers conduct rounds within each module, but spend most of their shift outside of modules themselves |
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Classification |
Help control inmate behavior and the allocation of assets and resources |
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Classification helps to |
-determine the appropriate security level -determine which housing unit an inmate should be placed -used as an incentive for good behavior -prior adjustment to confinement is taken into consideration when determining where an inmate will be confined |
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Protective Custody |
Special provisions designed to provide for the safety and well-being of inmates who, based upon findings of fact, would be in danger if placed in general population |
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Protective Custody |
Often used for sex offenders, former officers, or other inmates who, due to their charges, personal characteristics, or professions, would be considered " at-risk" in general population |
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Offenders Types |
Adult, Juvenile, Special Needs, Violent, Property *Property offenders have the highest recidivism |
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Female Inmates |
are a growing demographic group within state and federal prisons (approximately 8%) |
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Female Inmates |
more likely to have: HIV, drug use, depression |
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Shaming: Stigmatizing Shaming |
The effects of punishment whereby the offender feels cast aside and abandoned by the community The focus is on the individual not the criminal act |
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Shaming: Reintegrative Shaming |
Punishes and stigmatizes the criminal act, while acknowledging the fundamental decency and goodness of the offender The focus is on the criminal act not the individual |
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Treatment Programs: Treatment |
The creation of an environment and provision of rehabilitation programs that encourage inmates to accept responsibility and to address personal disorders that make success in community difficult (Approximately 50% have had mental illness treatment)
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Treatment Programs: Viocational |
Specific training in a trade |
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Treatment Programs: Faith-based Programs |
Utilizes religion as a social institution to correct criminal behavior |
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Parole |
The conditional release of an inmate by parole board prior to the expiration of their sentence Post incarceration |
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Parole: Parole Officers |
-Supervise and monitor parolees for parole violations -Have the legal authority to arrest parolees -Make recommendations to the court to terminate a parole sentence |
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Death Penalty |
Can only be used for a capital offense and is known as a capital punishment |
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Death Penalty |
Juveniles and the mentally ill can't receive the death penalty |
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The Federal System |
The Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) oversees federal corrections |
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The Federal System |
The BOP has five security levels: minimum, low, medium, high, administrative The BOP has one maximum security facility located in Florence, CO |
