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146 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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question
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answer
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Which organisms grow only in reduced amounts of free oxygen?
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Microaerophilic Organisms
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A low RBC count is a sign of _____?
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Anemia
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The Specific gravity of urine will be higher during what part of the day?
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Morning
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The Specific gravity of a liquid or solid substance is the weight of the substance as compared to an equal volume of…?
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Distilled water
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Which Neutrophil is known as a “Stab”?
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Band
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What urine preservative will false positives for Albumin seldom be encountered?
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Toluene
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Patient suffering from leukopenia would have what WBC count if the following cells were counted on four fields?
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50-100
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How are samples obtained from a urine sample that’s been preserved by toluene?
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Must be pipetted from beneath the surface
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What is the most common cause of poor results with Wright’s Stain?
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Incorrect intervals
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All of the following are normal values for Leukocytes
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Bands 0%-10% Segmented 51%-67% Lymphocytes 21%-35%
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The Mononucleosis Slide Test is read after 2 minutes. Agglutination in box 1 indicates what?
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Positive for Infectious Mononucleosis
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Which gram’s staining materials do you let sit for a minute before beginning the next step?
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Crystal Violet, Gram’s Iodine and Safranine
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An individual with Gonorrhea or Meningitits would have which of the following bacteria present in their system?
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Gram Negative Cocci
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The normal hematocrit for females is approximately what percent?
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40-48%
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Severe emotional upset, severe pain, and during labor are conditions that would cause?
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Leukocytosis
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Which organisms reproduce only in the absence of free oxygen and are killed if exposed to free oxygen?
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Obligated Anaerobes
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What white blood cell increases in parasitic infections?
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Eosinophils
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What is the least valid specimen of urine?
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Random
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All of the following are structures in a bacteria..
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Capsule, Spore, Flagellum
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What stain is used in the lab for performing a differential?
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Wright’s
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In the Sahli-Hellige of hemoglobin estimation, how long after the blood has been transferred to the sahli tube may the results be read on the graduate tube?
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5 minutes
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What lens is used to scan urine sediment
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Low Power
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What dilution fluid is used for performing a WBC count?
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?
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What leukocyte is increased when there is a shift to the left?
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Neutrophils
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What objective should be used for detailed study of stained bacteria smears?
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Oil Immersion
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What does a stained smear reveal?
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Staining characteristics of bacteria present and Morphology
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Dust should be removed from the microscope with
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A camel hair brush
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What is the most accurate urine for a microscopic exam?
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Centrifuged specimen
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Hematocrit is the volume of erythrocytes expressed as a percentage of the volume of plasma. T/F
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FALSE
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What type of bacteria are corkscrew shaped and appear singly only?
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Spirilla
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IF the blood and diluting fluid is drawn beyond the 101 mark for a RBC (11 for a WBC), how should the excess fluid be removed?
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Touch the tip to the skin
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What White Blood Cell increases in parasitic infections and allergic conditions?
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Eosinophils
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Next to incorrect time intervals, the most common cause of poor results with Wright’s Stain is incorrect ph of the staining fluid. T/F
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TRUE
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Pathogens that reproduce best at 15-20 degrees C are termed:
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Psychrophilic
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What objective should be used fo counting RBC’s?
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High Power
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An individual who has neither anti “A” or anti “B” antibodies (agglutination) would be placed in what blood group?
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AB
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The Mononucleosis Slide Test is read after 2 minutes. No agglutination in either box indicates what?
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Negative for Mononucleosis
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The normal hematocrit for males is approximately ____?
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42-50%
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When performing a CBC on an infant, where should you make the puncture with the hemolet?
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Either Heel or Great Toe
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If you have only one urine sample to centrifuge, you should:
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Place a tube directly opposite to it containing an equivalent weight of water and centrifuge sample for 5 minutes at 1500 r.p.m.
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When performing a RBC count, how much time should be allowed for cells to settle after loading the chamber?
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3 minutes
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The Mononucleosis Slide Test is read after 2 minutes. Agglutination in box 2 indicates:
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Positive for Non Infectious Mononucleosis
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What leukocyte is increased when there is a shift to the left?
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Neutrophils
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What are the 4 growth requirements for bacteria?
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Temperature Oxygen Moisture Nutrition
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Which bacteria when it gets into the abdominal cavity can cause peritonitis?
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E. coli
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What is the normal daily urine volume for adults?
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800-2000ml, 1500 average
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What is the most accurate means of determining blood volume?
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Microhematocrit Method
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What is the most accurate method of determining hemoglobin estimation?
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Photometer
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What in the urine would indicate a kindney disorder?
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Casts
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An increase in Lymphocytes in a patient with TB indicates what?
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Healing
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What is the normal RBC for a new born child?
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5.1 +or- .9 million
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What is dyscrasia of blood forming tissue caused by?
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Malfunctions of the marrow and lymph tissues, commonly known as leukemia
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What type of bacteria are rod shaped, appear singly in chains or palisades?
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Bacilli
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The following is true regarding 24 hour specimen:
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Preservatives are added to the first specimen voided, patient voids and discards first specimen of urine, Urine is collected over a 24 hour period
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When performing a Complete Blood Cell count, what indicates that the counting chamber is properly loaded?
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There is a thin even film of fluid under the cover glass
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A white blood cell whose cytoplasm is a clear to sky blue color is a….
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Lymphocyte
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What is the incubation period for mononucleosis?
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4-21 days
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If casts are present in a microscopic urine sample, it is indicative of?
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Kidney Disease
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When performing a finger puncture, wipe away the first drop of blood to avoid..
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Dilution with tissue fluids
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What urine preservative will false positives for Albumin seldom be encountered?
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Toluene
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A non reactive RPR for Syphilis shows no agglutination at the end of 8 minutes rotation. T/F?
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TRUE
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Proper sequence of using stains:
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Crystal Violet, Gram’s Iodine, 95% Ethyl alcohol/acetone, Safranine
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What is the largest of all normal WBC’s?
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Monocyte
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An individual with bubonic or Pneumonic Plague, Undulant Fever, Whooping Cough, Salmonella or Shigella would have which of the following bacteria present in their system?
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Gram Negative Bacilli
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Olive green to brown-black urine is caused by?
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Phenols
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Microscope objective lens/color/ size. Green. Yellow. Red
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10. 45. 100.
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A person with gastroenteritis has what bacteria present in their blood?
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Gram Negative Bacilli
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A person with Endocarditis, Impetigo, Septicemia, or Ostemyelitis will have what bacteria present in their blood?
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Gram positive Cocci
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Which Neutrophil has a nucleus that is divided into 6 or more segments?
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hypersegmented
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A whiteblood cell whose cytoplasm is a muddy gray-blue is ?
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monocyte
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Bacteria are classified according to their disease producing ability, growth requirements, morphological characteristics, colonial morphology, biochemical activity, toxins and gram’s stain reaction. T/F?
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TRUE
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What is the normal specific gravity of urine during a 24 hour period?
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1.015-1.030
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What lens is used for performing a differential?
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Oil Immersion
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What bacteria is spherical, appearing singly, in pairs, chains, clusters or packets?
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Cocci
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What is the normal value for leukocytes?
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4000-11000
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casts are present in large amounts, the urine is almost always:
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Positive for Albumin
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What leukocyte has a horseshoe or “s” shaped nucleus?
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Band (Stab)
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A White Blood Cell whose cytoplasm contains numerous course reddish-brown Granules which are lighter than the nucleus is a:
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Eosinophils
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What leukocyte is also known as a juvenile cell?
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Metamyelocyte
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Structures of bacteria:
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Flagellum Spore Capsule
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What diluting fluid is used for a Red Blood Cell count?
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0.85% Sodium Chloride (Gower’s solution)
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If test strips are not available to test a urine sample for Albumin, what other method may be used?
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3% sulfosalicylic acid
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When performing a Gram’s Stain, what is referred to as the decolorizer?
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95% Ethyl Alcohol/Acetone
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Which organisms grow only in reduced amounts of free oxygen?
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Microaerophilic Organisms
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When alpha strep is found in the blood stream it indicates?
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Pneumonia
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Which organisms reproduce only in the absence of free oxygen and are killed if exposed to free oxygen?
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Obligate Anaerobes
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What lens is used for detailed studies of bacteria?
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Oil Immersion
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What is the ratio of solurions mixed when diluting hydrochloric acid for the Sahli Hellige Test?
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20% HCL/ 80% Distilled water
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What toxin produces partial hemolysis and changes the medium to a green color?
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Alpha Hemolysin
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The addition of one drop of %5 Acetic acid to the urine sediment will have what effect on a urine sample?
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Disintegrate any Red Cells and Make White Cells’ nucleus more visible
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When performing a CBC, you are determining the amount of blood in One Cubic Millimeter. T/F?
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TRUE
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What is the youngest form of Neutrophil?
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Metamyelocyte
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If 3 or more Leukocytes are present in a microscopic urine sample, it is indicative of:
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Disease in the urinary tract
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How many cells are counted when performing a differential?
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100
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If a smear used in a differential count is to be saved for reexamination, remove the immersion oil by placing a piece of lens tissue over the slide and moisten the tissue with Xylol.
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TRUE
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1) A white blood cell count with the Neutrophils number and maturity progressing towards normal indicates Recovery.
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TRUE
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A person with Tetanus, Diphtheria, Gas Gangrene and Food Poisoning would have what bacteria present in their system?
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Gram Positive Bacilli
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Which WBC does NOT decrease in acute infections?
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Neutrophils
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What lens is used for counting white blood cells?
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Low Power
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What WBC indicates healing in TB?
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Lymphocytes
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What stain is used in the lab for performing a differential?
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Wright’s
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What urine preservative may dissolve to produce false positives for Albumin?
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Thymol
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What indicates Albuminuria (Albumin in the urine) when testing a urine sample?
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White turbidity
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Which organisms reproduce only in the presence of free oxygen?
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Obligated Aerobes
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For a complete list of all Lab forms; Manual of the Medical Department, Chap?
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23
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What diluting fluid is used for performing a WBC count?
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Glacial Acetic Acid or Dilute Hydrochloric Acid
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When staining with Wright’s Stain, the stain and buffer should be mixed until the film appears what color?
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Coppery, Metallic
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Which organisms reproduce in the presence of oxygen
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Aerobes
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What’s the rule for counting cells when doing a blood count?
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Count the cells on the lines at the top and left but not the ones at the bottom and right
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A WBC whose cyto plasm has scattered large, dark blue granules that are darker than the nucleus is a Basophil
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TRUE
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What is the most accurate urine for a microscopic exam?
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Centrifuged specimen
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How long is a specimen shaken for a RBC?
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3 minutes
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All of the following are normally seen in a microscopic urine sample:
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Spermatoza Mucous Threads, Epithelial Cells
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Which toxin completely lyses the RBC, leaving a clear zone of hemolysis?
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Beta Hemolysin
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1) The specific gravity of a liquid or solid substance is the weight of the substance as compared to an equal volume of Dwater.
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TRUE
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An individual with Pneumonia, strep throat, or Staph Aureus would have which of the following bacteria present in their system
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Gram Positive Cocci
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After the RPR antigen is prepared, how long may it be kept without refrigeration?
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1) One Month
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What white blood cell increases in TB indicating activity in the affected area
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Monocyte
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Which organisms grow both in the presence of free oxygen and in an oxygen-free atmosphere?
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Facultative Organisms
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What type of bacteria are corkscrew shaped and appear singly only?
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Spirilla
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Bile in urine causes the urine to foam when shaken.
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Sooo true
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What type of bacteria are rod shaped, appear singly in chains or palisades?
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Bacilla
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Wright’s Stain must be stored in a stopper bottle in a dark place for a minimum of 30 days
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TRUE
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How are samples obtained from a urine sample that’s been preserved by toluene?
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Must be pipetted from beneath the surface
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Pathogens that reproduce best at 15-20 degrees C are termed what?
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Psychrophilic
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After the 4 fields are counted during a white blood cell count, you should multiply by 50
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TRUE
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1) Pathogens that reproduce best at 50-55 degrees C are termed Thermophilic
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TRUE
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After the five fields are counted when performing a RBC count, you should multiply by 10,000
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TRUE
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What WBC increases in parasitic infections and allergic conditions?
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Eosinophils
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The percentage of eosinophils, monocytes and lymphocytes generally do not increase in acute infections
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TRUE
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What causes urine to have a milky appearance?
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Chyle
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A Gram positive organism will leave a ___ color reaction to a gram’s stain?
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Dark blue-black
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Which Neutrophil has a nucleus that is divided into 2, 3, 4, or 5 segments?
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Segmented
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A smear that reveals large numbers of pus cells with varying numbers of intracellular and extracellular gram neg, bean shape cocci in pairs indicate Gonorrhea
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TRUE
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When performing a Gram’s Stain, what is referred to as the primary stain?
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Crystal Violet
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A person with boils or furuncles will have what bacteria present?
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Gram Positive Cocci
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What organisms grow only in reduced amounts of free oxygen?
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Microaerophilic Organisms
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The number of cells counted in each field should not vary by more than how many cells from the field containing the fewest to the field containing the most?
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20
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What oil solvent should be used to remove dried oil from lenses?
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Xylol
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When performing a Gram’s Stain, what is referred to as the counter stain?
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Safranine
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After the RPR antigen is prepared, how long is it good for if kept refrigerated?
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3 months
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Which toxin is a soluble protein poison that is secreted by the living cell?
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Exotoxin
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Once blood and diluting fluid is drawn into the pipet, in what direction and how long should the pipet be shook?
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5 min NOT in the direction of the long axis
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Agglutination is present in the absence of antibodies.
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TRUE
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Which toxin comprises part of the cell wall and is released by autolysis of the bacterial wall?
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Endotoxin
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