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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tear film components
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oily layer, aqueous layer, mucinous
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Corneal anatomy
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Epithelium, stroma (bulk), Descement's membrane (very thin), endothelium (single cell layer)
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Descemetocele
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Deep corneal ulcer, all the way through stroma to Descement's membrane
fluorescein stain: green w/ non-staining center |
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Indolent corneal ulcer
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loose epithelial edges prevent healing
more common: middle aged, boxers, rare in cats: Herpes? Tx: manage pain, debride, poss. grid/punctate keratotomy |
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Infected Corneal Ulceration Tx
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Determine if viral, bacterial, or fungal
aggressive frequent Tx w/ proper Abx/Afx |
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Feline herpes Keratitis
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branching pattern ulceration
poss. hx of URI Tx: atropine, Abx, cool compress, supportive, +/- . Avx. oral NSAID |
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Fungal Keratitis
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nasty white plaque
Horses at increased risk Dx: culture, proparacaine, cytology Tx: sx?, protect eye, manage pain (banamine), Abx, Afx |
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Corneal Stromal Abscess
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cornea stroma inoculated w/ organism: normal outer layer w/ whiteness under
often in horses Dx: scrap off top to get sample Tx: superficial keratectomy + pedicle conjunctival graft |
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Causes of corneal opacity
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Corneal endothelial degeneration*, WBC infiltrate, Corneal dystrophy/degeneration*, superficial punctuate keratitis, fibrosis*, keratic precipatates
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Corneal Endothelial Degeneration
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grey/white color over entire corneal surface
fluid buildup from lack of endothelium pumping slowly progressive, but may ulcerate No Tx |
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Corneal dystrophy/degeneration
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Deposit on the cornea
Lipid: homogeneous, non-painful mineral deposits: Ca, often ulcerate--> painful Senile: spicular pattern |
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Causes of Superficial Corneal Pigmentation
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KCS (keratoconjunctivitis sicca)
Lagophthalmos (inability to close eye) Entropion |
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Chronic superficial keratitis
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Corneal pannus resulting in pigmentation & vessels infiltrating below epithelium
GSD, UV light exposure, poss. autoimmune Tx; steroids & cyclosporine |
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Endothelial Corneal Pigment
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PPM (persistent pupillary membrane)
Iris cyst Congenital malformation pigmented KP (keratopercipatates) Post uveitis |
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PPM
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Persistent pupillary membrane
iris adhered to inside of cornea: black spot Basenjis mostly |
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Corneal Sequestration
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cats only, poss. Herpes related
superficial corneal stroma dies --> necrosis hard, scab-like lesion Tx: supportive, monitor pain & depth, +/- atropine, lube, should come off & heal |
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Eosinophilic keratitis
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Eosinophil infiltration causes corneal inflammation
pink plaque in cat, poss. Herpes related Dx: scrape & cytology tx; steroids, prob. long term |
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Corneal Neoplasia/Masses
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SCC: next to limbus
Papilloma: may look like prolapsed iris Inclusion Cyst: imbeded epithelium multiples in stroma Corneal Fibroma |
