Core Terms And Questions-Finals

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Cartel

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an organization that controls the production and distribution of a service

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Conquistador

Back 2

spanish conqueror who came to the Americas to dominate people and take gold and silver

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Criollos

Back 3

"Creoles" or people of pure spanish ancestry who were born in Latin America

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Peninsulares

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People born in Spain-Spainards

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What percentage of Brazilians can trace their heritage to Africa?

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45%

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Mulatto

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a mix of a white and a black person

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Indio

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indigenous people of the americas

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Simon Bolivar- and what was he known as

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"El Liberator" a Venezuelan who became the most powerful leader in the Latin America fight for independence from Spain

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Favelas

Back 9

slum settlements around large cities

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Coup d'etat

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an overthrow of government leader by force

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Junta

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Military led government

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Guerilla Warfare

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warfare where small groups of fighters attack their enemies and retreat to hide

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Inflation

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the rise in cost of goods and services over time

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Deflation

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the decrease in cost of goods and services over time

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Shadow Economy

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is the black market that controls production, transportation, and sale of illegal drugs- government loses money, power, and population

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Under Employment

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people who hold job but are unable to make a good living because their income is very low

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Remittanse

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when people send money back home to their families when they work abroad

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Authority

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having control and support of people

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Social Contract

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people give the gov. authority to make laws and in return the gov. takes care of them by enforcing laws and providing basic goods and services for all

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Tipping Point

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the point by which all little things combine to make a big change

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Civil Disobedience

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non-violent protests against the government

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Rebellion

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refusing to obey the government or an organization

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Revolution

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an overthrow of the gov. and a radical change of gov. policy and organization

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Soft Power

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having influence based on non-military tactics

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Hard Power

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Military Power or force

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Passive Resistance

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Resisting the gov. w/out violence

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Imperialism

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when one country extends its power to another country to take over their economic resources

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Authoritarianism

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when the gov. controls all aspects of it's citizens' lives

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Dictatorship

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when one person holds absolute power in the gov.

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Republic

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an independent country w/ it's own gov. elected by the people

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Fascism

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government that has ultimate power over the people- tend to be nationalistic (pro their country, against other countries)

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Solidarity

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agreement and unity between two or more political parties

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Subversion

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going against the authority

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NAFTA

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North American Free Trade Agreement- agreements btwn U.S., Mexico, and Canada that promotes easy trade and business deals btwn the countries

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How did the Spanish culture so quickly spread to the new world?

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It spread so rapid because the Spanish were very demanding and conquering. They forced the Latin Americans to change their religion and language. They also gave them all smallpox

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Why can it be perceived as insulting to call a person from Latin America “Spanish?” What should this person be called instead?

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It can be perceived as insulting, because the Spanish conquered the Latin Americans. They changed their language, religion, and overall way of life. They are NOT Spanish, but Latin American, so when they are called “Spanish” it is just incorrect. They should rather be known as Latino.

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Why is the Amazon forest important to the whole world?

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The Amazon rainforest is a very special place, in the sense that many of the sources it contains can only be found there. Almost everything in there can be exploited, so people take advantage of that and really rely on it.

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What factors lead to the Amerindians revolting against the Spanish in the 19th century?

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In the early 1900 there was a shift in balance of power, they didn’t like the economic changes. Ex: Taxes