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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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respiration
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process by which gasses are exchanged
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ventilation
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process of moving air into & out of lungs
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inspiration
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movement of air into lungs
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expiration
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movement of air out of lungs
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pharynx
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passageway for food from mouth > esophagus & for air from nost > larynx
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trachea
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passageway for air from pharynx > bronchi
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bronchi
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primary passageway of the bronchial tree that contains smooth muscle
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alveoli
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dilated sacs at end of bronchial tree where gas exchange occurs
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perfusion
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blood flow through a tissue or organ
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bronchodilation
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increase in diameter or airway due to relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle
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bronchoconstriction
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decrease in diameter of airway due to contraction of bronchial smooth muscle
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bronchospasm
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rapid constriction of airways
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nebulizers
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used to convert liquid drugs into fine mist to be inhaled
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dry powder inhaler (DPI)
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used to convert solid drug to fine powder to be inhaled
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metered dose inhaler (MDI)
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used to deliver a precise amount of drug to respiratory system
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asthma
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chronic inflammatory disease of airways
S/S: acute bronchospasm - dyspnea - coughing - gasping for air - mucous secretion - edema of airways |
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dyspnea
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shortness of breath
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status asthmaticus
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acute form of asthma requiring immediate medical attention
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antitussive
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drug used to suppress cough
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chronic bronchitis
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chronic disease of lungs characterized by excess mucous production & inflammation
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emphysema
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terminal lung disease characterized by dilation of alveoli
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expectorant
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drug used to increase bronchial secretions
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mucolytic
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drug used to loosen thick mucous
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salmeterol
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AKA: Serevent
CLASS: bronchodilator ACTION: selectively binding to beta2-adrenergic receptors in bronchiolar smooth muscle A/E: headaches - nervousness - restlessness - tachycardia |
bronchdilator
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beclomethasone
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AKA: Beclovent - Vanceril
CLASS: glucocorticoid ACTION: reduces inflammation & decreases asthma attacks - NOT bronchodilator A/E: voice hoarseness - can mask infections - Candidiasis (fungal infection) |
glucocorticoid
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The primary use of glucocorticoids such as beclomethasone (Beconase) in asthma is to terminate acute asthmatic attacks.
TRUE or FALSE |
FALSE
Inhaled glucocorticoids are used for the long-term prevention of asthmatic attacks. p383 |
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Activation of the sympathetic nervous system results in bronchoconstriction.
TRUE or FALSE |
FALSE
During periods of rest, nerves from the parasympathetic nervous system are activated, causing the bronchiolar smooth muscle to contract and the lumen to narrow, resulting in bronchoconstriction. p379 |
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Which of the following classes would LEAST likely be prescribed for asthma?
a. beta2-agonists b. methylxanthines c. glucocorticoids d. beta-blockers |
d. beta-blockers
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Which of the following classes are theMOST effective drugs for relieving acute bronchospasm?
a. beta2-agonists b. mast cell stabilizers c. methylxanthines d. anticholinergics |
a. beta2-agonists
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Salmeterol (Serevent) is NOT indicated for the termination of acute bronchospasm because it:
a. is not absorbed orally b. takes too long to act c. affects only beta1-receptors d. causes too much CNS stimulation |
b. takes too long to act
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For the prophylaxis of non-persistent asthma, glucocorticoids are most commonly administered by which route?
a. oral b. topical c. intranasal d. intradermal |
c. intranasal
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Long-term treatment with oral glucocorticoids may cause which serious adverse effect?
a. rebound congestion b. hypertension c. cancer d. adrenal atrophy |
d. adrenal atrophy
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Candidiasis of the throat is a common complication during therapy with which class of medications?
a. inhaled glucocorticoids b. mast cell stabilizers c. beta2-agonists d. mucolytics |
a. inhaled glucocorticoids
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The primary use of mast cell inhibitors in the treatment of asthma is to:
a. terminate acute asthmatic attacks b. prevent asthmatic attacks c. reduce secretions d. reduce infections |
b. prevent asthmatic attacks
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Nedocromil (Tilade) and cromolyn act by:
a. causing bronchodilation b. suppressing the cough reflex c. blocking histamine release d. drying bronchial secretions |
c. blocking histamine release
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