Core Biology Test One Bess

Front 1

Takes up space and has mass

Back 1

Matter

Front 2

Substance that cannot be broken down to another substance

Back 2

Element

Front 3

Substance consisting of two or more different elements combined in a fixed ration

Back 3

Compound

Front 4

How many of the 92 natural elements are essential for life?

Back 4

25

Front 5

Which ones make up 96% of all living matter?

Back 5

Carbon, Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Oxygen

Front 6

_____% of living matter is made up of the four natural elements C,O,H and N.

Back 6

96%

Front 7

These are required by an organism in minute quantities.

Back 7

Trace elements.

Front 8

Example of lack of trace element iodine:

Back 8

Goiter

Front 9

The center of an atom, protons and neutrons are tightly packed in a dense core.

Back 9

Atomic Nucleus

Front 10

These form a cloud of negative charge around the nucleaus

Back 10

Electrons

Front 11

Don't include _______ when counting mass

Back 11

Electrons

Front 12

_____ and ______ have the same mass

Back 12

Proton and Neutron

Front 13

Atoms of different elements differ in their number of ___________ _________

Back 13

Subatomic Particles

Front 14

All atoms of _____ have the same number of protons in their nuclei

Back 14

Carbon

Front 15

How many protons does Carbon have?

Back 15

6

Front 16

Number of protons, unique to each element, written as a subscript to the left of the symbol

Back 16

Atomic Number

Front 17

Unless otherwise noted, and atom has a ______ electrical charge.

Back 17

Neutral

Front 18

If an atom has a neutral electrical charge, it means that _________ and _______ are balanced.

Back 18

Protons and electrons

Front 19

__________ ________ is the number of protons and neutrons in an atom

Back 19

mass number

Front 20

Mass number is written as a ___________ to the left of an element.

Back 20

superscript

Front 21

# of neutrons= ______#-- _______#

Back 21

mass, atomic

Front 22

Helium has ___ protons, ___ neutrons and ___ electrons.

Back 22

2,2,2

Front 23

Total mass of an atom

Back 23

Atomic mass

Front 24

Total number of protons and neutrons in an atom

Back 24

atomic mass

Front 25

Unit, atomic mass unit, neutrons and protons masses close to 1 of these:

Back 25

Daltons

Front 26

Different forms of an element

Back 26

Isotope

Front 27

The nucleus decays spontaneously, giving off particles of energy

Back 27

Radioactive Isotope

Front 28

An energy level of electrons at a characteristic average distance from the nucleus of an atom

Back 28

Electron Shells

Front 29

Outer electrons, on the 3rd electron shell

Back 29

Valence Electron

Front 30

Outer most shell

Back 30

Valence Shell

Front 31

An atom with a completed valence shell are___________

Back 31

unreactive

Front 32

The 3-D space in which an electron spends most of its time

Back 32

Orbital

Front 33

atoms with incomplete valence shells can interact with certain other atoms in a way that each partner completed its valence shell

Back 33

Chemical Bonds

Front 34

Atoms may share_____

Back 34

electrons

Front 35

Atoms may transfer_____

Back 35

electrons

Front 36

Outermost shell

Back 36

valence shell

Front 37

Sharing of a pair of electrons by 2 atoms.

Back 37

Covalent bond

Front 38

Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

Back 38

Molecule

Front 39

What kind of bond is an individual water molecule?

Back 39

Covalent

Front 40

What kind of bond is more than one water molecule?

Back 40

Hydrogen

Front 41

Pair of shared electrons

Back 41

Single bond

Front 42

Shows both atoms and the bonding

Back 42

Structural Formula

Front 43

The molecule consists of 2 atoms of hydrogen

Back 43

Molecular Formula

Front 44

In a non-polar covalent bond, electons are ___________ __________

Back 44

shared equally

Front 45

In a polar covalent bond, electrons are ______ _______ _______

Back 45

not shared equally.

Front 46

2 atoms are so unequal in their attraction for valence electrons, that the more electronegative atoms strips an electron completely away from its partner.

Back 46

Ionic Bonds (remember, broken up, bad relationship)

Front 47

A charged atom

Back 47

Ion

Front 48

Positively charged atom

Back 48

Cation (remember- the T in caTion is like a + sign)

Front 49

Attraction between cations and anions

Back 49

Ionic Bond

Front 50

Negatively charged atom

Back 50

Anion

Front 51

Hydrogen bonds form when:

Back 51

A hydrogen atom covalently bonded to one electronegative atom is also attracted to another electronegative atom

Front 52

Weak attractions between molecules or parts of molecules that result from localized charge fluctuations

Back 52

Van Der Waals

Front 53

Molecules with only 2 atoms are always _________

Back 53

Linear

Front 54

Molecules with more than 2 atoms have more ___________ ________

Back 54

complicated shapes

Front 55

The making and breaking of chemical bonds, leading to changes in the composition of matter

Back 55

Chemical Reaction

Front 56

Starting Material

Back 56

Reactant

Front 57

Resulting Material

Back 57

Product

Front 58

The gummi bear video is an example of a

Back 58

chemical reaction

Front 59

When you have a chemical reaction, all _______ must be accounted for

Back 59

atoms

Front 60

__________ ___________ can not create or destroy matter, they can only rearrange it

Back 60

chemical reactions

Front 61

The point at which the reactions offset one another exactly

Back 61

Chemical Equilibrium