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229 Cards in this Set
- Front
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- 3rd side (hint)
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0 mSv/h at 1 meter
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White I label
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<0.005 mSv/h surface
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White I label
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< 0.01 mSv/h at 1 meter
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Yellow II label
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> 0.01 mCi wipe test when receiving a package
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notify NRC & carrier
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0.02 mSv/hr is )
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dose limit to general public (unrestricted area
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0.02 inches
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Inner diameter of 21 gauge needle
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0.039 inches
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1 mm
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3 French
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0.05 mSv/h at 30 cm
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Radiation Area
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< 0.07 mSv/hr
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dose at 1 meter post I-131 is OK to Release Pt
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< 0.1 mSv/h at 1 meter
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Common Carrier
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0.1 mSv/h at 1 meter
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limit for Yellow III
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0.3 mg IV
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Flumazenil dose
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< 0.5 degree C
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whole body MR SAR in normal mode
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< 0.5 mSv/month
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conceptus dose limit
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< 0.5 mSv/h at surface
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Yellow II
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0.5 mT
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Threshold where person with cardiac pacer / general public shall not pass
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0.5 mg/hr
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low TPA rate
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~ 0.5 micrometers
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liver scan sulfur colloid particle size
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< 0.6 cm2
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critical aortic valve stenosis
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< 0.7 cm
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goal for gap between mammo receptor and chest wall
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< 1 degree C
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whole body MR SAR in first level mode (medical supervision)
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< 1 cm2
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severe aortic AND mitral valve stenosis
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SPECT non-uniformity limit
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1 %
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1 mSv/year
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dose limit to general public
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1 mSv/h
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max dose a GM counter can handle before dead time
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1 mSv/h at 30 cm
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High Radiation Area
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1 rem
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0.01 sievert (10 mSv)
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1 sievert
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100 rem
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1 Gy
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100 rads
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1J/kg
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1 day
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frequency to check: Gamma camera EXTRINSIC uniformity / NM energy window / Dose calibrator constancy / Mammo mobile unit quality testing
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1 month
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Frequency for PET Normalization Scan QA
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1 year
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frequency to check: Gamma camera sensitivity / Dose calibrator accuracy / GM calibration / Stereotactic localization accuracy test
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1 year
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follow up for simple 5-7 cm ovarian cyst in reproductive age
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> 1 cm
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postmenopausal ovarian cyst that gets yearly follow-up
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> 1 mCi I-131
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major spill
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1.5 x
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dose increase with each level of fluoro magnification
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< 2 %
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goal for mammo repeats
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< 2 %
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probability BIRADS 3 is malignant
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2 Gy -
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Early transient erythema (Onset in hours)
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2 Gy -
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Whole body - Bone Marrow Syndrome in 3 weeks (Vomiting ~ 2 h, Erythema ~ 24 h)
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2 Gy
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Fetus exposure: Die < 2 wks / congenital abnormality 2-8 weeks / Retarded > 10 weeks
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2 Ci
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upper limit of dose calibrator sensitivity
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> 2 cm2
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normal aortic valve area
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> 2 cm
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threshold to treat splenic artery aneurysms
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> 2 mSv/h at surface of received package
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notify NRC & carrier (Yellow III limit)
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3 Gy
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Temporary hair loss (21 days later)
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3 French
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1 mm
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~ 3 ms
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Short Gradient Echo TE
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~ 3 hours
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Time to image MDP bone scan
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~ 3 days to
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resume breastfeeding after I-123
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3 days
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half-life of gallium 67 and thallium 201
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3 days
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Gallium 67 scan time (2-3 days)
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3 months
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frequency for mammo repeat analysis
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3 years
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NRC required length to keep copy of written directive
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3 years
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NRC required length to keep calibration records of dose calibrators
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4 Gy WB
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GI / Marrow Syndrome ~ 1 wk latency (Vomiting ~ 1 h / Erythema ~ `2 h) D50/30d
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4 months
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check mammo fixer retention and repeat analysis / Dose calibrator linearity
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4 mg/kg
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lidocaine max dose
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5 %
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NM field non-uniformity limit
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5 % +/-
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acceptable range of dose calibrator constancy (checked daily)
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5 % +/-
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acceptable accuracy of a dose calibrator (checked yearly)
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5 years
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Time to keep NRC reportable events report on file
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~ 5 min
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TPA half life
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~ 5
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breast cancers detected per one thousand screened goal
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5 days (5.3)
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physical half life of Xe-133
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5 mCi
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approximate dose for Tc99m sulfur colloid scan
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5 mSv
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dose limit to family with I-131 Rx
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5 mSv
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fetal dose limit throughout pregnancy
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5 mSv
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average dose most radiation workers get / year
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5 Gy/h at 1 meter
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Very High Radiation Area
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5-8 %
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target mammo recall rate
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< 6 %
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low thyroid uptake at 4-6 hours
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6 %
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risk of breast cancer with type I enhancement
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6 hours
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half-life of Tc-99m
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6 Gy -
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Chronic Severe Erythema (onset in 1 week)
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6 months
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frequency of: Mammo compression test / leak test of radioactive sealed sources
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> 6 months
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time to wait after I-131 before getting all preggers
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> 6 mmHg portosystemic gradient
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portal HTN
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> 6.5 cm
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wide vascular pedicle (Increased pulm cap wedge Pa and fluid overload)
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7 days
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frequency to check: Gamma camera INTRINSIC uniformity / Gamma camera spatial resolution and linearity with bar phantom / NM energy resolution / SPECT center of rotation / Viewbox Conditions / Mammo phantom / Mammo screen cleaning /
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7 Gy -
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permanent hair loss (21 days later)
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7.9 mm
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Required SPECT Tc99m rod resolution per ACR
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8 days
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half-life of I-131
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8 Gy WB
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GI Syndrome, 6 days latency (Vomiting < 1 h / Erythema ~ 1 h) D504d
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> 8.4 cm
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When CRL accuracy drops
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> 8 bit depth
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resolution for mammo monitor
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> 8 cm
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Wide mediastinum at knob (depending on technique)
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< 10 %
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low thyroid uptake at 24 hours
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< 10 %
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chance of PE with very low probability VQ scan
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10 %
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energy resolution of a conventional scintillation camera (⅜ inch)
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10 %
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Required dose calibrator accuracy
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10 %
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acceptable variability in THERAPEUTIC dose compared to prescribed per NRC
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+/- 10 %
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Normal renal differential split function
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10 Gy -
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Telangiectasia (52 weeks later!)
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10 mSv -
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increases risk of cancer by 0.1% (0.3% for kids / 0.03% for geezers)
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~ 10 mmHg
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portosystemic gradient (direct PV minus RA) goal (9-12) post TIPS
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> 10 mCi In-111 or Ga-67
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major spill
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> 10 ms
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Long Gradient Echo TE
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> 10 mmHg wedge (end hepatic vein
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PV) Pa definition of portal HTN
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12 French
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body drain catheter size
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13 Gy -
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Dry desquamation (4 weeks later)
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13 hours
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half-life of I-123
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~ 15 mCi
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I-131 for Graves Rx
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15 pulses per second
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in fluoro will reduce dose by 50%
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~ 15 ms
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Short Spin Echo TE
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15-35%
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target PPV for breast Bx recommendations
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16 ga.
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needle for renal Bx
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> 18 MELD score at
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higher risk of death post TIPS (17-18)
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> 18 % is
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high thyroid uptake at 4-6 hours
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19
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Part of CFR 10 dealing with notices, inspections and reports to workers
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20 %
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acceptable variability in DIAGNOSTIC dose compared to prescribed per NRC
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20 Gy to chest
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annual breast MR (age 25 or 8 years after exposure - whichever is longer)
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20
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Part of CFR 10 dealing with standards for protection against radiation
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20 mGy
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peds abdomen - pelvis CTDIvol ACR diagnostic reference level
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21 inches diagonal
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required monitor size for mammo (32 x 42 cm)
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24 French
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PEG size
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~ 24 hours
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time to resume breastfeeding after Tc-99m
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~ 24 hours
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Time to image In-111 Tagged WBCs
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24 Gy -
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Secondary ulceration (> 6 weeks later)
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25
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% of lung biopsies get a pneumo
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25
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% risk of new VB compression fracture with vertebroplasty
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~ 25 mCi
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I-131 for Multinodular Goiter
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25 mGy
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adult abdomen - pelvis CTDIvol ACR diagnostic reference level
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26
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ICRP is what NRC uses for tissue weighting factor values
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> 29
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% of breast cancer with type III enhancement
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~ 30 nanometer
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sulfur colloid size for lymphoscintigraphy
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~ 30 micrometer
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Y-90 particle size for liver tumors
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> 30
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micro Ci of I-131 requires a written directive from authorized user
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< 33 mCi
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I-131 dose and Pt can be released
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< 35 %
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abnormal gallbladder ejection fraction (30-38%)
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> 35 %
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high thyroid uptake at 24 hours
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35:
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10 CFR Part 35 is titled "Medical Use of By-product Material”
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40 mGy
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peds head CTDIvol ACR diagnostic reference level
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40
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Typical brain CT Level
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40 % of RR
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Ideal reconstruction window for RCA
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42 MHz
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Larmor frequency of hydrogen protons at 1T (3T
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126, etc)
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< 50 ms
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Short Gradient Echo TR
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< 50 mGy
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no ill in utero effects
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50 % of RR
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Ideal reconstruction window for Circumflex
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50
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Typical abdomen CT level
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50 cm/sec change in TIPS vel
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malfunction
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50 mSv/year
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total effective dose limit to radiation worker
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> 50 mSv whole body messed up dose
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medical / reportable event
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> 60 ms
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Long Spin Echo TE
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60-90 minutes
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normal T1/2 time for gastric emptying study
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63 % recovery
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T1 time
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65 % of RR
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ideal reconstruction window for LAD
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67 hours
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half life of Mo99 and In-111
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70 mmHg systolic
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pulm HTN
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70 hours
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half-life of thallium 201 (73)
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70 (69.5)
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K-shell binding energy of tungsten
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75 mGy
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adult head CTDIvol ACR diagnostic reference level
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75 kV
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Setting for iodine fluoro study
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~ 75 % of RR
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reconstruction window for CCTA if HR 60-70
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> 75 mCi
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I-131 for non-metastatic thyroid cancer (75-150)
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80 hours
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required classroom/lab NM training in residency for Authorized User
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80 keV
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photopeak of thallium 201 AND X-133 (81)
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80
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general Brain CT window
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> 80 %
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chance of PE with high probability VQ scan
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88 mGy/min
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fluoro normal mode limit
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~ 90 keV
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largest photopeak of Gallium 67
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~ 90 TE
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Time used for MRCP
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90 %
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specificity of breast MR type III kinetics being cancer
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100 PA LAT CXRs
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dose of 1 chest CT
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100 times
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Chest PE CT breast dose compared to VQ
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> 100 mCi Tc-99m or TI-201
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major spill
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> 100 ms
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Long Gradient Echo TR
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110 minutes
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half-life of F-18
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125 cm/sec
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ICA PSV for 50% stenosis
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140 keV
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photopeak of Tc-99m
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> 150 mCi (150-200)
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I-131 for Thyroid Cancer with + local nodes
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159
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keV for I-123 (electron capture)
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170
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keV for In-111 (173) AND thallium 201 (167)
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171 cd/m2
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Minimum luminance of grayscale monitors per ACR
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176 mGy/min
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fluoro high level mode FDA limit
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200 mgI/mL nonionic
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Contrast concentration for CT myelogram
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> 200
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cm/sec for TIPS stent malfunction
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> 200
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mCi I-131 for Thyroid cancer with distal mets
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> 200 counts/micro Ci
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Required SPECT sensitivity, tested monthly
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240
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# of mammos in 6 month period during last 2 years of residency
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247
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keV of Indium 111
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364:
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keV of I-131 (beta emitter)
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400
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General lung CT level
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400
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General abdomen CT window
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> 400 cd/m2
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requirement for mammo display
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~ 500 micrometers
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sphere size to embolize bleeding bronchial arteries
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~ 500 ms
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Short Spin Echo TR
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500
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General Bone CT level
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700
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hours of NM experience required in residency for Authorized User
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960
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# of mammos to read over 2 years when practicing (ACR)
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1000 mSv/h
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Max dose an ion chamber can handle
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1,500
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General lung CT window
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1,600
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General bone CT window
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> 2,000 ms
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Long Spin Echo TR
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> 2,200 dpm/100 cm2 wipe test when receiving a package
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notify NRC & carrier
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5,000 counts per second
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upper limit of NM well counter
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Sensitivity
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TP / (TP + FN)
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PPV
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TP / (TP + FP)
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Specificity
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TN / (TN + FP)
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NPV
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TN / (TN + FN)
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Accuracy
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(TP + TN) / (TP + TN + FP + FN)
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Odds Ratio
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(not exposed no Dz x exposed w Dz) / (exposed no Dz x not exposed w Dz)
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Relative Risk
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Risk of Dz in exposed / Risk of Dz in unexposed
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Absolute Risk
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Incidence
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Absolute Risk Reduction
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Incidence in control - Incidence in experimental group
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Number Needed To Treat
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1/Absolute Risk Reduction
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Attributable Risk
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Incidence of Dz in exposed - Incidence of Dz in not exposed
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Standard deviation
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√variance
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Relative standard deviation
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√# incident photons / Mean # of incident photons
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CTDI
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measured dose using ion chamber in phantom
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Weighted CTDI
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⅓ central CTDI + ⅔ Peripheral CTDI
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Volume CTDI
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Weighted CTDI / Pitch
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DLP
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Volume CTDI x Scan Length
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Effective Dose
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DLP x k
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MR acquisition time
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TR x # phase encoding steps x # excitations
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MR Slice thickness
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Transmit Bandwidth / (Slice Selection Gradient x Constant)
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Voxel size
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Slice thickness x (Phase FOV / Phase Matrix size) x (Frequency FOV / Frequency Matrix size)
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E
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h x f
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Tube Power
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kV x mA
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Heat Units
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kV x mA x Seconds
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Brightness Gain
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Flux Gain x Minification Gain
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Total Fluoro Dose
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dose per frame x frame rate x duration of run
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Hu
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1000 x (material attenuation - water attenuation) / water attenuation
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Pixel Size
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Display FOV / Matrix size
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Impedance (Z)
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density x speed of sound
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Resistive Index
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(peak systolic velocity - end diastolic velocity) / peak systolic velocity
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SUV
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Tissue Radioactivity within ROI x Patient weight / Decay Corrected Injected Dose
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MUGA EF
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(End Diastolic Cts) - (End Systolic Cts) / (End Diastolic Cts - BKG)
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Original
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(Final) 2.7 (decay constant) (time)
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