Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
134 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
In 1467 civil war ended Japan's what?
|
fuedak system
|
|
|
What period was from 1467-1568 and was the Warring states period?
|
Sengoku
|
|
|
Powerful samurais called what took over?
|
Daimyo
|
|
|
What kind of leader did the emporer become in Japan?
|
Figurehead
|
|
|
Oda Nobunaga seized what imperial city in 1568?
|
Kyoto
|
|
|
What was the motto of Oda Nobunaga?
|
Rule by Force
|
|
|
Oda Nobunaga was to first to?
|
Successfully use firearms
|
|
|
Oda Nobunaga committed this ritual in 1582?
|
Seppuku
|
|
|
Toyotomi Hideyoshi controlled most of what by 1590?
|
Japan
|
|
|
Toyotomi Hideyoshi invaded where in 1592?
|
Korea and China
|
|
|
When Toyotomi Hideyoshi died in 1598 his troops withdrew from where?
|
Korea
|
|
|
Tokugawa Ieyasu unified Japan after defeating his rivals the battle of?
|
Sekigahara
|
|
|
Tokugawa Ieyasu became the what ruler of Japan?
|
Sole
|
|
|
Tokugawa Ieyasu moved the capital of Japan to where?
|
Edo
|
|
|
Edo is now called what?
|
Tokyo
|
|
|
At what level did Daimyo rule?
|
Local
|
|
|
When Daimyos returned to the capital every other year what was this called
|
Alternate attendance policy
|
|
|
What did Daimyos due with their family when they left?
|
Left them behind as hostages
|
|
|
What influenced Japanese society?
|
Confucian values
|
|
|
Which class had the worst time?
|
farmers
|
|
|
In the 1700's Japan became a what kind of society?
|
Urban
|
|
|
where could Japanese women find jobs?
|
the city
|
|
|
What kind of lives did japanese women still leave?
|
restricted lives
|
|
|
What did japanese dramas depict?
|
tragic themes
|
|
|
Japanese Stories were written about who?
|
ancient warriors
|
|
|
What did Japanese paintings depict?
|
classical literature
|
|
|
What 2 forms of literature were introduced?
|
Kabuki and Haiku
|
|
|
What was saikaku about?
|
The self made man
|
|
|
What nation arrived in Japan in 1543?
|
Portugal
|
|
|
What did the Portuguese bring to Japan?
|
Clocks and tobacco
|
|
|
How many syllabes do haikus have in each line?
|
5
7 5 |
|
|
What are haikus usually about?
|
nature
|
|
|
Daimyo were interested in what Portuguese goods?
|
muskets and cannons
|
|
|
The introduction of those weapons led to the decline of what?
|
the sword
|
|
|
The use of these weapons led to the building of what?
|
fortified castles
|
|
|
In 1549 what group came to Japan?
|
christian missionaries
|
|
|
What were the three groups that sought to convert the Japanese?
|
franciscans, jesuits, Dominicans
|
|
|
Who led the first mission to Japan?
|
Frances Xavier
|
|
|
What did Ieyasu ban in 1612?
|
Christianity
|
|
|
In 1637 all Japanese had to do what?
|
Practice some branch of Buddhism
|
|
|
The Japanese Buddhist practices eliminated what?
|
Christianity
|
|
|
What was Kabuki?
|
dramas using elaborate costumes, music, dance, and mime about modern urban life
|
|
|
When Japan closed off foreign trade they only let who still trade with them? what was the only foreign port that stayed open?
|
Chinese and Dutch, Nagasaki
|
|
|
Japan's closed policy was intstituted when?
|
1639
|
|
|
Why did Japan go into a closed policy?
|
They didn't like western influence
|
|
|
Beginning around 1100 European battled Muslims for control of the Holy land in?
|
Southwest Asia
|
|
|
The Italian trader Marco Polo reached the Court of what in China?
|
Kublai Khan
|
|
|
What was the main reason for European exploration?
|
the desire for new sources of wealth
|
|
|
When had Europeans been introduced to spices from Asia?
|
The Crusades
|
|
|
Europeans were introduced to 4 spices, what were they?
|
nutmeg, ginger, cinnamon, and pepper
|
|
|
The demand of the spices were greater than the supply which allowed merchants to do what?
|
charge higher prices
|
|
|
What was the trade from East to West. What countries traded to other countries
|
Muslims bought Asian goods who sold them to Italien merchants who sold them througout Europe
|
|
|
By the 1400's Europeans wanted to do what to the Italiens in the trade route across Asia
|
they sought to bypass them and find a direct sea route to Asia
|
|
|
What 2 sacred duties did Europeans believe they had to accomplish
|
fight the Muslims and convert people to Christianity
|
|
|
the new ship the caraval had what 3 characteristics
|
sturdier, triangular sails, could sail against the wind
|
|
|
The astrolabe was composed of what, what could it tell you, who made it
|
A brass circle with carefully adjusted rings, how far north or south of the equator you were, the Muslims
|
|
|
The magnetic compass was invented by who
|
Chinese
|
|
|
Prince Henry conquered what City in North Africa in 1514, what did he see there for the first time
|
Ceuta, gold, silver, jewels in general vast wealth
|
|
|
Prince Henry founded what type of school on the southwestern coast of Portugal
|
navigational school
|
|
|
By 1460 Portuguese had established a series of trading posts where?
|
Africa's coast
|
|
|
In 1487 who was the first European to reach the southern tip of Africa
|
Bartolomeu Dias
|
|
|
In 1498 who land in the port of Calicut on the southwestern coast of India
|
Vasco de Gama
|
|
|
In 1492 who sailed the Atlantic Ocean and was the first European to land in the Caribeans
|
Columbus
|
|
|
1493 who stepped in to stop the fighting between Portugal and Spain
|
Pope Alexander VI
|
|
|
What did Pope Alexander VI propose to stop Portugal and Spain's fighting
|
Line of Demarchation
|
|
|
Portugal had all lands to the ________ Spain had all lands to the __________
|
East; West
|
|
|
Portugal complained and the line of demarchation was moved which way
|
farther west
|
|
|
Portugal and Spain signed what treaty to verify the line of demarchation
|
Treaty of Tordesillas
|
|
|
Portugal took over the trade of Spice from the
|
Muslims
|
|
|
Portugal built a fort at ______ in 1514
|
Hormuz
|
|
|
the fort of Hormuz controlled what, What 2 bodies of water did this area connect
|
straits of hormuz, Persian Gulf and Arabian Sea
|
|
|
In 1510 the Portuguese captured what city on India's west coast
|
Goa
|
|
|
In 1511 the Portuguese attacked what city on the west coast of the Malay peninsula, this controlled what strait
|
Malacca, strait of malacca
|
|
|
controlling Malacca gave the Portuguese the control of the what, what were they called for the abundance of this material
|
Moluccas islands, Spice islands
|
|
|
In 1521 an expedition by Ferdinand Magellan arrived where
|
Phillipines
|
|
|
Netherlands declared their independence in 1581 and established the _______
|
Dutch Republic
|
|
|
By 1600 how many ships did the Dutch have
|
20,000
|
|
|
The _______ ______ ____ _______ became the main power in trade
|
Dutch East India Company
|
|
|
in 1619 the Dutch established their trading headquarters at ______ on the island of _______
|
Batavia, Java
|
|
|
Amsterdam became a what when trade was high
|
leading commercial center
|
|
|
Where was the Cape of Good Hope located
|
Southern tip of Africa
|
|
|
In 1720 what nation established an outpost in india for the first time
|
French
|
|
|
Which was the First Dynasty of China
|
Ming Dynasty
|
|
|
Who was the first emporer of China
|
Ming Hongwu
|
|
|
what were the 4 agricultural reforms of Ming Honwu
|
increased rice production, improved irrigation, introduction of fish farming, growing of commercial crops such as cotton and sugar cane
|
|
|
Hongwu encouraged a return to what moral standards?
|
Confuscian
|
|
|
How did Hongwu improve imperial administration
|
he restored the merit-based civil service examination system
|
|
|
Hongwu conducted _____ where he killed many government officials
|
purges
|
|
|
Which one of Hongwu's son emerged victorious from the power struggle
|
Yonglo
|
|
|
Where was the royal court moved to
|
Bejing
|
|
|
In 1405 the first of seven of china's explortation voyages were led by
|
Zheng He
|
|
|
The earliest voyages by Zheng He were to? later exploration were to where? what did he give out on these voyages
|
Southeast Asia and India
Arabia and eastern Africa gold, silver, silk, scented oils |
|
|
After Zheng He's last voyage in 1433 China did what
|
withdrew into self-sufficient isolation
|
|
|
As a result of these voyages how many countries sent tribute to the Ming court
|
16
|
|
|
Only the government could conduct foreign trade so chinese merchants smuggled cargo to the
|
Europeans
|
|
|
What 2 reasons kept china from becoming idustrialized
|
commerce offended China's Confuscian beliefs
China's economic policies traditionally favored agriculture |
|
|
Europeans brought what three things specifically to China
|
Christianity, clock, and prism
|
|
|
Who was the first missionary that gained favor in the Ming Court
|
Italien Jesuit Matteo Ricci
|
|
|
How did Matteo Ricci gain favor in the Ming court.
|
He could speak and write Chinese
|
|
|
Everyday in the Forbidden city how many cooks worked to prepare meals for how many people
|
6,000, 10,000 to 15,000
|
|
|
What were some of the Mings problems
|
Ineffective rulers, corrupt officials, and a bankrupt government
|
|
|
Why were many Chinese peasants pushed to starvation
|
Higher taxes and bad harvests
|
|
|
In 1644 who invaded China and took over
|
the Manchus
|
|
|
What dynasty fell because of the invasion of the Manchus
|
Ming dynasty
|
|
|
Machus took a Chinese name for thier new dynasty what was it
|
Qing Dynasty
|
|
|
How many years did the Qing dynasty rule
|
more than 260 years
|
|
|
What 4 countries did the Qing bring into China
|
Taiwan, Chinese Central Asia, Mongolia, and Tibet
|
|
|
What did the Manchus force the Chinese men to wear to show their submission
|
Their hair in a single pigtail
|
|
|
The Manchus did what with Chinese society
|
they upheld China's Confucian beliefs and social structure
|
|
|
Who became the first ruler of the Qing Dynasty
|
Kangxi
|
|
|
How did Kangxi gain the support of the Chinese intellectuals
|
he offered them government positions
|
|
|
What did Jesuits inform Kangxi of in the Ming courts
|
the lastest developments in science, medicine, and mathmatics in Europe
|
|
|
Under which of Kangxi's grandsons did China reach its greatest size and prosperity
|
Qian-long
|
|
|
What did the Dutch do to trade with the Chinese
|
payed tribute and kowtowed
|
|
|
Describe the kowtow
|
kneel on the ground in front of the Chinese emporer and touch your forhead to the ground nine times
|
|
|
By 1800 what percent of tea made up the shipments to Europe
|
80%
|
|
|
describe the letter from King George III to Qian-long delivered by Lord George Macartney
|
King George III asked for a better trade agreement, including Chinese acceptance of European manufactered goods
|
|
|
Who refused to kowtow to the Chinese Emporer, as a result of this what did China due
|
George Macartney, denied Britains request
|
|
|
What did Qian-long's letter to King George III say
|
There is nothing we need, we have no need of your worthless manufactured goods
|
|
|
In 1636 the Manchus conquered Korea and made it a what state
|
vassal state
|
|
|
How did Koreans organize their government
|
according to Confucian beliefs
|
|
|
Under the Manchus Korea was China's what
|
little brother
|
|
|
The Manchus invasion combined with a Japanese attack in the 1590's provoked a strong sense of what in Korea
|
nationalism
|
|
|
What was the population of China by the 1800's
|
300 million
|
|
|
What did most Chinese families do
|
farm the land
|
|
|
What new crops did farmers begin to grow
|
corn and sweet potatoes
|
|
|
What did new crops do for the Chinese
|
gave the Chinese increased food production, nutrition, and diet improved
|
|
|
China's favoritism over men than woman was showed with religion how?
|
the son was the only one who could carry out vital religous rituals
|
|
|
As a result over of women not bing valued what happened to infants
|
they were killed
|
|
|
What were the three things women were expected to do
|
worked the fields, supervised the childrens education, and manage the families finances
|
|
|
how many chinese women went through the foot binding ritual, how long did this practice continue
|
1/2 to 2/3, until the 20th century
|
|
|
Who wrote Dream of the Red Chamber, what did it examine, what was it praised for
|
Cao Zhan
upper class Manchu society in the 1700's sensitive portrayal of its female character |
|
|
Where was drama popular, why
|
rural China
because they could not read |
|
|
How did dramas help Chinese Society
|
entertained people, helped unify Chinese society by creating a kind of national culture
|
