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86 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is an IUD? |
An intrauterine device is a small t-shaped device made of flexible plastic |
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What types of IUD are available? How do they differ? |
Paragard & Mirena Paragard is copper & Mirena is hormonal |
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What is the effectiveness of the IUD? |
Less than 1 out of 100 women get pregnant each year while using the IUD |
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How does the IUD work? |
-Alters the movement of sperm to prevent them from joining with eggs -Alters the lining of the uterus
-Mirena (hormonal): prevents ovulation and thickens cervical mucus which blocks sperm |
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How long is the IUD effective? |
-Paragard: 12 years
-Mirena: 5 years |
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Pros of using the Paragard IUD |
-Longest lasting -No hormonal changes -Not disruptive during sex -Ability to get pregnant returns quickly after removal -Can be used during breastfeeding |
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Pros of using the Mirena IUD |
-Lighter or stopped periods -Reduces cramps -Not disruptive during sex -Ability to get pregnant returns quickly after removal -Can be used during breastfeeding |
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Cons of using the Paragard IUD |
-Worse cramps -Spotting for first 3-6 months -Heavier periods -No protection against STD's |
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Cons of using the Mirena IUD |
-Irregular periods -Spotting for first 3-6 months -No protection against STD's |
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How to get IUD & follow-up |
A health care provider will insert the IUD. It is inserted into the uterus through the cervix.
Get a checkup after first period |
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Potential complications with an IUD |
-The IUD can sometimes slip out of the uterus. More likely to happen to women who are younger and who never had a baby. If it slips out it could lead to pregnancy. -In rare situations, women can develop a bacterial infection during insertion. -In very rare situations, the IUD can push through the wall of the uterus. Surgery may be required. |
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Symptoms that may be related to the IUD |
-The string ends feel longer or shorter than they were at first -Are not able to feel the string ends when you check -Think you might be pregnant -Have periods that are much heavier than normal or last longer than normal -Severe abdominal cramping or tenderness -Pain or bleeding during sex -Unexplained fever/chills -Flu-like symptoms (aches, tiredness) -Missed, late, or unusually light period -Unexplained vaginal bleeding |
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How soon after getting the IUD can I have sex? |
Paragard: Effective immediately Mirena: Effective after one week |
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How is an IUD removed? |
Removal is simple, a health care provider can do it for you. You should never try to do it on your own or ask a nonprofessional to do it for you. |
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What is the birth control implant? |
A matchstick-sized flexible plastic rod that is inserted into the arm to prevent pregnancy. |
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What types of birth control implant are offered? How do they differ? |
Implanon & Nexplanon Implanon: Original Nexplanon: Can be seen in x-rays and uses a thinner applicator |
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How effective is the birth control implant? |
Less than 1 out of 100 women a year will become pregnant using the implant |
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How long does the birth control implant last? |
It lasts for three years |
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How does the birth control implant work? |
Releases a hormone- progestin. Keeps a woman's ovaries from releasing eggs. Thickens the cervical mucus (blocks sperm) |
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Pros of the birth control implant |
-Ability to become pregnant returns quickly after removal -Can be used while breastfeeding -Can be used by women who cannot take estrogen (ex. breast cancer survivors) -Gives continuous long-lasting birth control without sterilization -Non-disruptive during sex -After one year, 1 out of 3 women stop having periods completely |
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Cons of the birth control implant |
-Irregular periods -Cannot be used by women who have breast cancer -Does not protect against STD's |
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Potential side effects of the birth control implant |
-change in sex drive -headache -infection at insertion site -nausea -sore breasts -weight gain |
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Serious side-effects of the birth control implant (Doctor should be notified) |
-Bleeding, pus or increasing redness at insertion site -New lump in breast -No period after having a period every month -Yellowing of skin or eyes -Unusually heavy or prolonged bleeding -Concerns about implant location |
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Potential complications of the birth control implant |
Certain medicines and supplements make it less effective: -certain TB medicines -certain meds that are taken by mouth for yeast infections -certain HIV meds -certain anti-seizure meds -certain mental disorder meds -herbals like St. John's wort |
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How do you get the birth control implant? |
Health care provider will numb a small area of your arm with a pin killer and then insert it under the skin using a needle. |
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How is the birth control implant removed? |
Health care provider will numb the area with a painkiller and usually make one small cut to remove the implant. Removal takes a few minutes, and a new implant can be inserted immediately. |
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How soon can you have sex after getting the birth control implant? |
Effective after one week. |
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What is the birth control shot? |
A shot in the arm that prevents pregnancy |
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What types of birth control shot are available? How do they differ? |
One type: Depo-Provera |
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How effective is the birth control shot? |
94% effective on average. Works best if you get the shot regularly, every 12 weeks. 1/100 will get pregnant if always used as directed. 6/100 will get pregnant if not always used as directed. |
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How does the birth control shot work? |
Releases a hormone (progestin) into the body. Keeps a woman's ovaries from releasing eggs. Thickens a woman's cervical mucus (blocking sperm) Also thins the lining of the uterus |
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How long does the birth control shot last? |
12 weeks/ 3 months |
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Pros of the birth control shot |
-Non disruptive during sex -Can be used while breast feeding right after delivery -No evidence -Does not contain estrogen -Can help prevent cancer in lining of the uterus -Periods become fewer and lighter, periods will stop completely in half of women |
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Cons of the birth control shot |
-Irregular bleeding, especially in the first 6-12 months of use -Some women have increased spotting between periods |
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Potential side effects associated with the birth control shot |
-change in sex drive -change in appetite or weight gain -depression -hair loss or increased hair on the face or body -headache -nausea -sore breasts |
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Serious side effects associated with the birth control shot (Contact the doctor) |
-a new lump in your breast -major depression -migraine with aura -- seeing bright, flashing zigzags, usually before a very bad headache -pus, pain for many days, or bleeding where you were given the shot -unusually heavy or prolonged vaginal bleeding -yellowing of the skin or eyes -Very rare: ectopic pregnancy |
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How soon can you have sex after getting the shot? |
Effective after one week |
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How do you get the birth control shot? |
You need a prescription, then shots can be administered by health care providers. |
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What is the process for stopping the shot? |
Do not return to get the shot renewed. Because it is long lasting, it can take a long time to get pregnant (anywhere from 6-10 months) |
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What are birth control pills? |
A pill that is taken each day to prevent pregnancy |
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What types of birth control pills are there? How do they differ? |
Many different brands -Progestin & estrogen -Progestin only (mini-pills) |
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How effective are birth control pills? |
Typical use: 91% effective -Less than 1 out of 100 women get pregnant each year if they always take the pill each day as directed -About 9 out of 100 women will get pregnant each year if they don't always take the pill each day as directed |
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How long do birth control pills last? |
Must be taken daily to be effective |
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How do birth control pills work? |
Hormones (progestin & estrogen) -keep a woman's ovaries from releasing eggs -thickens a woman's cervical mucus (blocks sperm)
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Pros of birth control pills |
-Non-disruptive during sex -More regular periods -Helps prevent ovarian and uterine cancer -Reduces menstrual cramps
Combination pills may also help with: acne, bone thinning, breast growths, ectopic pregnancy, serious infection, anemia, cysts in the breasts and ovaries, PMS symptoms |
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Cons of birth control pills |
-Must be taken daily -Nausea and spotting at first -Rare: blood clots/heart attack/stroke -More effective if taken at the same time every day (time management) |
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How to get birth control pills Follow-up |
Get a prescription -Can start 3 weeks after pregnancy, or 6 weeks after pregnancy if nursing -No follow-up so long as there are no side-effects |
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Potential complications of birth control pills |
-Spotting or light bleeding after missing a birth control pill -May feel sick to stomach after taking two pills to make up for a missed pill: nausea won't last long |
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Return to sex after starting birth control pills |
After one week |
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Stopping birth control pills |
Can stop taking birth control pills at any time |
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Potential side effects with birth control pill |
-bleeding between periods (usually progestin-only) -breast tenderness -nausea and vomiting -may change a women's sexual desire |
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Stopping birth control pills |
-Usually takes one or two months to return to a normal cycle |
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What is the birth control vaginal ring? |
A small flexible ring a woman inserts into her vagina once a month to prevent pregnancy. -It is left in place for three wees and taken out for the remaining week each month |
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What types of vaginal ring are available? How do they differ? |
NuvaRing, only brand name |
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Effectiveness of vaginal ring |
Typical use: 91% -Less than 1 out of 100 women will get pregnant each year if they always use NuvaRing as directed -About 9 out of 100 women will get pregnant each year if they don't always use NuvaRing as directed |
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How does the vaginal ring work? |
NuvaRing releases hormones (estrogen and progestin) -Keep a woman's ovaries from releasing eggs -Thickens a woman's cervical mucus (blocks sperm) |
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How long is the vaginal ring effective? |
For as long as it is inside |
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Pros of the vaginal ring |
-Safe, simple, convenient -Non-disruptive during sex -Periods stay the same -Good choice for women who forget to take pills -Helps prevent ovarian and uterine cancer |
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Potential alternative benefits of the vaginal ring |
Protection against -acne -bone thinning -bad menstrual cramps -breast growths that are not cancer -cysts in the breasts and ovaries -ectopic pregnancy -anemia -PID -premenstrual symptoms |
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Cons of the vaginal ring |
-Need to remember to change the ring/ put in a new one |
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How to get the vaginal ring Follow-up |
Requires a prescription Can be purchased at a drugstore -No follow-up required unless suffering side-effects -Can get it 3 weeks after pregnancy, or 6 weeks if breastfeeding |
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Potential complications of the ring |
-heart attack -stroke -blood clot -high blood pressure -liver tumors -gallstones -jaundice |
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Serious symptoms related to the ring (Call the doctor) |
Experience: -new lump in breast -sudden very bad headache -achy soreness in leg -aura (bright flashing zig-zag lines) -bad pain in your abdomen or chest -headaches that are different, worse, unusal -no period after having it regularly -trouble breathing -yellowing of the skin or eyes |
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Can get pregnant while using the vaginal ring if |
-the ring slips out of your vagina and is not replaced within 3 hours -the ring does not stay in your vagina for three weeks in a row -the ring is left in your vagina for more than three weeks -you forget to insert a new ring more than a week after taking out the previous ring |
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What to do if the ring slips out of your vagina |
-Wash the ring with lukewarm or cool water and put it back as soon as possible -Use a backup method of birth control for seven days if the ring is out for more than three hours |
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How to discontinue use of the vaginal ring |
Take it out and do not replace it |
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What is the birth control patch? |
A thin, beige, plastic patch that sticks to the skin |
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What types of birth control patch are available? How do they differ? |
Only one brand offered: Ortho Evra |
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What is the effectiveness of the birth control patch? |
Typical use: 91% effective -Less than 1 out of every 100 women will get pregnant each year if they always use the patch as directed -About 9 out of every 100 women will get pregnant each year if they don't always use it as directed |
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Pros of the birth control patch |
-Safe and simple -Non-disruptive during sex -Regular, lighter, shorter periods -Ability to become pregnant returns quickly after stopping |
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Potential benefits of the birth control patch |
Protection against -acne -bad cramps -bone thinning -breast growths -ectopic pregnancy -endometrial and ovarian cancers -anemia -cysts -PID -PMS |
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Cons of the birth control patch |
Made less effective by: -some antibiotics -certain medicines for yeast infections -certain HIV medicines -certain anti-seizure medicines -St. John's wort Doesn't protect against STD's Need to remember to change it appropriately |
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Side-effects related to the birth control patch |
-bleeding between periods -breast tenderness -nausea and vomiting |
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Serious side-effects related to the birth control patch Call the doctor |
-a new lump in your breast -sudden very bad headache -achy soreness in the leg -aura -bad pain in abdomen or chest -headaches that are unusual -no period after regular periods -trouble breathing -yellowing of the skin or eyes |
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Return to sex after starting birth control patch |
Offers protection after one week |
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How to discontinue use of the birth control patch |
Remove it and do not replace it |
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Care for the birth control patch |
-Store unused patches at room temperature and out of sunlight -Always change the patch on the same day of the week, at roughly at the same time -Do not use body lotion, oil, powder or makeup on skin where you are going to put the patch -Check it daily -Seal it in plastic bag before throwing out |
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What is the condom? |
A thin latex or plastic that has been molded into the shape of a penis -Available dry, lubricated and with spermicide -Applied before sex and used only once |
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Types available How do they differ? |
Many different brands, don't really differ except in name -Dry, lubricated or with spermicide -Flavored, colored, ribbed, extra large or small -Latex and non-latex |
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Effectiveness of condoms |
Typical effectiveness of condoms: 79-85% -Each year, 2 out of 100 women whose partners use condoms will become pregnant if they always use condoms correctly -Each year, 18 out of 100 women whose partners use condoms will become pregnant if they don't always use condoms correctly |
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How do condoms work? |
Condoms prevent pregnancy by collecting pre-cum and semen when a man ejaculates. This keeps sperm from entering the vagina. Pregnancy cannot happen if sperm cannot join with an egg. |
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Pros of condoms |
-Non hormonal -let men help prevent pregnancy and STD's -inexpensive and easy to get -lightweight and disposable -no prescription required -may help men stay erect longer -can be used with other birth control methods -used only when needed |
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Cons of condoms |
-latex allergies (up to 6 out of 100 people) -loss of sensation -possible breakage |
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How to get condoms |
Buy them at any convenience/grocery/drugstore Offered for free at many health clinics and public health departments |
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Potential complications of using condoms |
-Needs to be used correctly (leave space in tip) -Can only be used once -Needs to be unrolled the right direction -Must check for expiration date -Tear carefully along side when opening, and never tear with teeth or cut with scissors -Must be removed correctly: remove before penis softens, don't spill semen, tie off, throw away (do not flush) |
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How to care for condoms |
-Store them in a cool dry place -Don't store them in a back pocket, wallet, or in the car (heat will destroy them) -Don't remove them from wrapper until ready for use |
