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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Inhibits FSH secretion
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Estrogen
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Inhibits LH surge and prevents ovulation
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Progestin
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fixed ratio of estrogen to progestin throughout cycle
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Monophasic
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Fixed dose of estrogen but progestin lower in 1st 10 days
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Biphasic
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Fixed dose of estrogen throughout cycle with low progestin; or low estrogen and constant progestin; or low estrogen and low progestin
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triphasic
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Does not inhibit ovulation
Must take at same time everyday Use backup if miss 1 dose Can increase risk for DM type II in pt with Hx of gestational diabetes |
Progestin only oral contraceptives
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Estradiol dosage can be increased to 50mcg in pts with
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ovarian cysts & breakthru bleeding
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low doses of progestin are associated with
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less acne, less hirsuitism, increased HDL
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Decrease bloating, acne, and do not increase appetite
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Yaz, Yasmine
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With day 1 start
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no alternate protection method needed
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Sunday start
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need back protection method for the first 1 month
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Oral contraception protects against
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ectopic pregnancy, PID, ovarian and endometrial cancers, fibrocystic breast disease
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Low estrogen and multiphasic OC's
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decrease thrombosis risk
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can increase BP and triglycerides
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oral contraceptives
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Excess estrogen causes
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bloating, edema, nausea, HTN, migraines, breast tenderness, cervical mucorrhea
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progestin excess causes
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increase appetite, weight gain, fatigue, oily skin, vaginitis, depression, hirsuitism, hair loss, breast regression, hypomenorrhea
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progestin deficiency causes
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late break-thru bleeding, amenorrhea, hypermenorrhea
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Oral contraceptives are contraindicated in
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thrombophlebitis, Hx of DVT, PE, HTN, CVA, CAD, neuro problems, surgery, heart disease, breast cancer, hepatic cancer, smoking, pregnancy
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Drugs that decrease OC efficacy
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anticonvulsants, FQ's, TCN's, ampicillin, metronidazole, fluconazole, rifampin, theophylline, sulfonamides, tacrolimus, modafinil,
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Drugs that increase OC efficacy
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APAP, Ascorbic acid, Statins
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Oral contraceptives decrease the efficacy of
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Temazepam, Warfarin, thyroid agents, hypoglycemics, methyldopa, metformin
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oral contraceptives increase the efficacy of
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alprazolam, diazepam, caffeine, theophylline, cyclosporine, corticosteroids, EtOH, Beta blockers, TCA's, Zolmitriptan
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Patch (Ortho Evra)
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Applied every 3 weeks then 1 week off, worse efficacy if weight increases
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Vaginal Nuva ring
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In for 21 days and out for 7 days. Inserted on or before 5th day of menses. If out for more than 3 hours need back up method for the next 7 days.
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Shot (IM) Depo Provera
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every 3 months, given within 5 days of start of menses, if not need back up for 3 weeks. Assoc with decreased bone density and fertility delay 10-18 mos.
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Subdermal implant (Implanon)
Etonorgestrel |
Implanted for 3 years in upper arm, implanted between day 1 and 5 of start of menses, inhibits ovulation. Contraindicated in VTE, and increases PE and CVA risk
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Morning after emergency drug
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Preven Kit: Ethinyl estradiol & levonorgestrel or High doses of OC's: 2-5 tablets of OC immediately and then another dose of 2-5 tablets in 12 hours
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Plan B
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Levonorgestrel (2 tabs taken at same time or divided by 12-24hrs) w/in 120hrs of intercourse (best if <72hrs)
Available OTC, |
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After taking plan B, if you vomit within 2 hours
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repeat the dose
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