Contemporary Social Theory

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Karl Marx

Back 1

Alienation from Economic an Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844

Front 2

Karl Marx

Back 2

Fetishism of Commodities

Front 3

Erich Fromm

Back 3

The Method and Function of an Analytic Social Psychology

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Wilhelm Reich

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the Authoritarian Ideology of the Family in the Mass Psychology of Fascism

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Mark Horkheimer

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Authoritarianism and the Family

Front 6

Horkheimer & Adorno

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The Culture Industry: Enlightment as Mass Deception

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Marcuse

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One Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society

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Marcuse

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Eros & Civilization

Front 9

"The use of psychoanalysis within historical materialism...will provide a complete understanding of how ideologies are produced"

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The Method and Function of and Analytical Social Psychology by Erich Fromm

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" The family is the psychological agency of society...[it] is the essential medium through which the economic situation exerts its formative influence on the individual's psyche"

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The Method and Function of and Analytical Social Psychology by Erich Fromm

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"It is in this family situation that we have the key to the emotional foundation of the structure [of fascism]"

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The Authoritarian Ideology of the Family in the Mass Psychology of Fascism by Wilhelm Reich

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Fascism
* emotional tie to the fuhrer
* sex-moralistic assimilation

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The Authoritarian Ideology of the Family in the Mass Psychology of Fascism by Wilhelm Reich

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Repression: "Sexual desires naturally urge a person to enter into all kinds of relations with the world, to enter into close contact with it in a vast variety of forms. If they are suppressed, they have but one possibility: to vent themselves within the narrow framework of the family"

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The Authoritarian Ideology of the Family in the Mass Psychology of Fascism by Wilhelm Reich

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Family life vulnerable to fascist propaganda

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Authoritarianism and the Family By Horkheimer

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traits of an authoritarian personality

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Authoritarianism and the Family By Horkheimer

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"the worker sinks to the level of a commodity and becomes indeed the most wretched of commodities"

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Estranged Labor from Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844 by Karl Marx

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"the worker becomes all the more poorer the more wealth he produces, the more his production increases in power and size. the worker becomes an even cheaper commodity the more commodities he creates"

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Estranged Labor from Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844 by Karl Marx

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Four stages of alienated labor from Estranged Labor from Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844 by Karl Marx

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1. Alienation from the product of one's own labor
2. Alienation from the process of labor
3. Alienation from "species being" - what makes us human beings, genetic nature + social nature, lose social nature and animal nature becomes prominent
4. Alienation of "man from man"

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use value, exchange value, commodity, division of labor

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Fetishism of Commodities, from Capital by Karl Marx

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"the more the family as an essential economic unit loses ground in Western civilization, the more society emphasizes its conventional forms"

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Authoritarianism and the Family by Horkheimer

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father loses the power in his children's eyes, mother is matter of fact and pragmatc with children
submissive and cold childhood = fascist minded people

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Authoritarianism and the Family by Horkheimer

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authoritarian personality

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father = stern, just, successful, detached, generous disciplinarian
mother = practical skills, good looks, healthy, submissive
yardstick to measure + success, popularity, eagerness to succeed
CHILD = becomes shallow, cold, authoritarian aggressive, views opposite sex as inferior

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Libidinal structure

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The Method and Function of an Analytic Social Psychology by Fromm

** further explain
instincts, pleasure and reality principle, repression, grow and develop through adaptation

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"only when the structure of the fuhrer's personality is in harmony with the structures of broad groups can a 'fuhrer' make history"

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The Authoritarian Ideology of the family in the Mass Psychology of Fascism by Wilhelm Reich

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"structural reproduction of a societies economic system in the psychology is the basic mechanism in the process of the formation of political ideas"

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The Authoritarian Ideology of the family in the Mass Psychology of Fascism by Wilhelm Reich

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• "the adjustment of pleasure to the reality principle implies the subjugation and diversion of the destructive force of instinctual gratification, of its incompatibility with the established societal norms and relations, and by that token, implies the transubstantiation of pleasure itself."

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Eros and Civilization by Marcuse

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ID

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the domain of the unconscious, the primary instinct; free from the consciousness, social individual; only aims for satisfaction of its instinctual needs, in accordance with the pleasure principle

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EGO

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"outgrowth of the id"; "mediator" between the Id and the outside world; "chief function of the ego is that of co-ordinating, altering, organizing, and controlling the instinctual impulses of the id so as to minimize conflicts with the reality, to repress impulses that are incompatible with the reality, to "reconcile" others with the realty by changing their object, delaying or diverting their gratification, amalgamating them with their other impulses, and so on"

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SUPEREGO

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external restrictions that society, parents have imposed are introjected into the ego and become the consciousness, sense of guilt

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• "amusement under late capitalism is the prolongation of work. It is sought after as an escape from the mechanized work process, and to recruit strength in order to be able to cope with it again."

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The Culture Industry: Enlightment as Mass Deception

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loss of "inner freedom" and the critical power of "negative" (oppositional) thinking

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One dimensional society

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"replacing mediated by immediate gratification" The pleasure principle absorbs the reality principle but expresses itself in socially circumscribed ways, thus making it "repressive"

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repressive desublimation

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Ideas that justify inequality, legitimates the existing order, suffering in this life/better after life

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Ideology

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a political philosophy, movement, or regime that exalts nation and often race above the individual and that stands for a centralized autocratic government headed by a dictatorial leader, severe economic and social regimentation, and forcible suppression of opposition

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FASCISM

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• "the productive apparatus tends to become totalitarian to the extent to which it determines not only the socially needed occupations, skills, and attitudes, but also individual needs and aspirations."

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One Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology f Advanced Industrial Society by Marcuse

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unessential commodities

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false needs


from One Dimensional Man