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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Conservatism |
A general preference for the existing order to society and an opposition to efforts to change it. A reactionary ideology. |
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Tradition Pre 19th Century |
-Represents accumulative wisdom of the past and prevents anomie. -God given and natural. -Burke called it 'natural law' -He said "no generation should ever be so rash to consider itself superior to its predecessors" |
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Tradition One Nation Conservatism |
-Survived due to natural selection -Best aspects of past society -Chesterton called tradition "the democracy of the dead" as wisdom of older generation influences younger. |
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Tradition Liberal New Right |
-Dismiss it as anachronistic -Obstacle to economic growth -Not as source of social stability as the market is the guarantor of it. |
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Organic Society Pre 19th |
-Natural evolution of human societies -Natural order to society -Noblesse oblige rule institutions that form society like a body |
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O.S One Nation Conservatism |
-Society to be protected as prevents anomie -Freedom is doing one's duty to others -Bourgeoisie now part of ruling elite |
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O.S Liberal New Right |
-Thatcher challenged idea. -Said no such thing and there is only "self seeking and self reliant individuals" |
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Hierarchy Pre 19th |
-Natural, inevitable and God given. -Unquestionable feudal hierarchy. -Burke believed in natural aristocracy with divine right of kings |
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H. One Nation Conservatism |
-Biology cause of hierarchy (phrenology) -New class of bourgeoisie (social mobility) -Imperialism-Disraeli saw Caucasians as superior -Peterloo massacre |
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H. Liberal New Right |
-Based on people's hard work and capacity to make money. -No restrictions on ability to become rich (no taxes) -Argued by Nozick, Hayek and Joseph |
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Authority Pre 19th |
-Needed to preserve life -Hobbes [without authority life would be] "nasty, brutish and short" -Individuals give up rights for security -Essential so develops naturally |
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A. One Nation Conservatism |
-Paternalistic view where authority needed for freedom -Idea of aristocracy ruling outdated so won elections to stay in power |
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A. Liberal New Right Libertarianism |
-Decentralisation of state authority to institutions. -So people can choose what to follow i.e. religion, political party etc. |
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A. L.N.R Authoritarianism |
-Typical of dictators i.e Hitler, Stalin -Characterised by: ~submission to authority ~authoritarian aggression ~conventionalism |
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Property Pre 19th |
-Ownership of property linked to high social status and aristocracy -Noblesse oblige who were entitled property. -No ownership for normal people |
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P. One Nation Conservatism |
-Aristocracy and bourgeoisie only own property. -Property provides security and certainty -Ownership=obligations to society i.e. Peabody Trust |
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P. Liberal New Right |
-Property ownership reflects merit. -New Right encouraged ownership for stability. -Thatcher "right to buy" scheme |
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Human Nature Pre 19th |
-Human kind born with original sin. -Individuals driven by appetites for: ~prosperity ~property ~power -Paternalism |
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H.N One Nation Conservatism |
-Accept need for universal suffrage so use govt. to make decisions on behalf of people. -Govt. elected as wiser and better educated than the people. |
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H.N Liberal New Right |
-Individualism-concerned for own welfare -Thatcher "no such thing as society" -People only interested in own welfare so can do whatever they like. |
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Paternalism Pre 19th |
-Those who govern have superior knowledge over those being governed. -Derives from parent/child relationship -Burke a reactionary like all conservatives |
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P. One Nation Conservatism |
-Forms an important part. -Disraeli believed in noblesse oblige which led to paternalism. |
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P. Liberal New Right |
-No longer believe in it due to individualistic outlook -Believe rich should voluntarily contribute but not obligatory |
