Consciousness

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Consciousness

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The subjective awareness of mental events

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States of Consciousness

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Different patterns of subjective experience, including ways of experiencing both internal and external events

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Attention

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The process of focusing conscious awareness, providing heightened sensitivity to a limited range of experience requiring more extensive information processing

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Divided Attention

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Automatising one or more tasks or rapidly shifting attention between them, refers to the capacity to split attention or cognitive resources between two or more tasks

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Daydreams

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Turning attention away from external stimuli to internal thoughts and imagined scenarios

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Experience Sampling

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Beeper studies – participants carry pagers or personal digital assistants and report on aspects of consciousness when they are paged at random intervals

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Conscious Processes

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Person is currently subjectively aware

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Preconscious Processes

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Not presently conscious but could be readily brought to consciousness

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Unconscious Processes

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Dynamically kept from consciousness because they are threatening

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Subliminal Perception

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Perception of stimuli below the threshold of consciousness can indeed have an impact on conscious thought and behaviour

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Cognitive Unconscious

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Information-processing mechanisms that operate outside of awareness (procedural knowledge or implicit memory)

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Circadian Rhythms

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Cyclical biological ‘clocks’ that evolved around the daily cycles of light and dark

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Insomnia

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Inability to sleep

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Stages of Sleep

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Stage 1,2,3,4,3,2, REM

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Latent Content

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The dreams underlying meaning (Freud)

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Manifest Content

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The dreams story line (Freud)

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Altered States of Consciousness

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The usual conscious ways of perceiving, thinking and feeling are modified or distributed

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Meditation

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Creates a deep state of tranquillity by altering the normal flow of conscious thoughts

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Hypnosis

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An altered state of mind characterised by deep relaxation and suggestibility

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Psychoactive Substances

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Most common way people alter their state of consciousness, operate on the nervous system to alter mental activity

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Depressants

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Slow down or depress the nervous system (alcohol)

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Stimulants

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Increase alertness, energy and autonomic reactivity (amphetamines and cocaine)

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Hallucinogens

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Produce hallucinations, sensations and perceptions that occur without external sensory stimulation