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26 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

What is conciousness?

Our moment-to-moment awareness of ourselves and our environment

What are the 4 interesting things about consciousness?

1. Subjective and private


2. Dynamic


3. Self reflective


4. Selective attention (closely connected)

What is selective attention?

The process where we focus our awareness on one stimuli, and away from others

What are the three ways of measuring consciousness?

1. Self report measures


2. Behavioural measures (performance on tasks)


3. Physiological measures (bodily processes)

What is the main way that physiological processes are measured?

EEG (electrodes attached to head produces pattern that indicates level of consciousness)

What did Freud suggest the levels of consciousness were?

1. Conscious


2. Preconscious


3. Unconscious



What does the cognitive theory suggest?

The conscious and unconscious work together in harmony to process information

What are the two types of processing in the cognitive theory?

1. Automatic processing (does not require conscious attention)


2. Controlled processing (requires conscious attention)

What are the benefits and problems with these processing types?

Controlled processing is slower but more flexible, automatic processing cannot adjust to new situations as well

Which type of processing allows divided attention?

Automatic processing (we can do other things at the same time because the automatic task requires little attention)

What is divided attention?

The ability to perform more than one task at the same time

What is visual agnosia?

When you are unable to consciously perceive or recognise objects, but you are still unconsciously aware of their presence

What is blindsight?

People claim to not be able to see certain stimuli, but are able to respond to the stimuli due to unconscious levels of awareness

What is priming?

Exposure to a particular stimulus influences how we respond to a stimulus presented in the future (e.g. if a word is presented to us subliminally)

What is emotional priming?

We can be primed to feel certain emotions towards certain stimuli

What is masking?

Stimuli can be masked so that real intentions can be hidden and more accurate unconscious effects can be examined

What is the neural explanation of consciousness?

The brain has adapted to retain only the strongest neural connections, and psychologists have found pathways of consciousness in the brain which suggest a strong neural influence

What is the idea of consciousness as a global workspace?

-many areas of the brain play different roles, but we perceive consciousness as a whole

What is the theory of enactive consciousness?

Recent theory which suggests consciousness is something we do on purpose, and perception is a skill

What is focused attention?

It is the ability to focus on a particular stimulus even when there are other stimuli around. Also known as the "cocktail phenomenon"

What is "dichotic listening?"

A test frequently used to investigate the phenomenon of focused attention

What is automacity?

When a task becomes so well learnt that it moves from controlled processing to automatic processing

What is divided attention?

The ability to pay attention to multiple stimuli at once

What three things does it depend on?

1. Rehearsal (do we rehearse it)


2. Difficulty (more difficult= harder)


3. Similarity (if tasks are similar it is harder)

What are the three theories of focused attention?

1. Early filter (we place filter on what we dont want to listen to early on)


2. Late filter (we place filter much later)


3. Attenuation (we fade out the background noise)

What is inattention blindness?

The failure to recognise an unexpected stimulus in a visual scene (e.g. gorilla/basketball)